TIDMABF

RNS Number : 2815J

Associated British Foods PLC

26 April 2022

For release 26 APRIL 2022

Interim Results Announcement

24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

For release 26 APRIL 2022

Associated British Foods plc results for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

Group sales and profit return to pre-COVID levels

Financial Headlines

 
                                                                    Constant 
                                                  Actual currency   currency 
                                                           change     change 
=====================================  =========  ===============  ========= 
Group revenue                          GBP7,882m             +25%       +28% 
Adjusted operating profit                GBP706m             +91%       +92% 
Adjusted profit before tax               GBP666m            +109% 
Adjusted earnings per share                63.8p            +154% 
Dividend per share                         13.8p            +123% 
Gross investment                         GBP450m 
Net cash before lease liabilities      GBP1,476m 
Net debt including lease liabilities   GBP1,665m 
Statutory operating profit               GBP686m            +114% 
Statutory profit before tax              GBP635m            +131% 
Basic earnings per share                   60.3p            +194% 
=====================================  =========  ===============  ========= 
 

Statutory operating profit is stated after exceptional charges and other items shown on the face of the condensed consolidated income statement. There was a GBP25m exceptional charge in the prior half year.

Food: resilient operational performance

 
    Sales up 6% to GBP4,342m; adjusted operating 
--   profit down 9% to GBP330m 
--  Cost reduction and pricing action taken 
     but lag in recovery of cost inflation 
--  High input cost inflation, logistics challenges, 
     COVID-related labour absences 
--  Sugar sales and profit well ahead 
 

Primark: strong recovery in sales and margin

 
--  Sales up 59% to GBP3,540m; adjusted operating 
     profit margin 11.7% 
--  UK/Ireland: strong sales recovery with 
     increased holiday travel and socialising 
--  Continental Europe: consumer footfall remained 
     weak 
--  US: trading well 
--  Transforming digital capability; launch 
     of new website 
 

Dividend

 
    Interim dividend of 13.8p per share (2021: 
--   6.2p) 
 

George Weston, Chief Executive of Associated British Foods, said:

"This half year sales and operating profit for the Group returned to pre-COVID levels. Our people have responded well to the many challenges we faced.

Our food businesses have once again proved their operational resilience and Sugar had another strong period, building on its recent track record of recovery. Measures to mitigate higher costs in all our businesses have been taken and more are planned. Primark delivered a significant increase in sales and profit, with stores now open and trading largely free of restrictions.

Looking further ahead, inflationary pressures are such that we are unable to offset them all with cost savings, and so Primark will implement selective price increases across some of the autumn/winter stock. However, we are committed to ensuring our price leadership and everyday affordability, especially in this environment of greater economic uncertainty.

Notwithstanding the inflationary pressures we are experiencing, our outlook for the year is for significant progress in adjusted operating profit and adjusted earnings per share for the Group."

The Group has defined and outlined the purpose of its Alternative performance measures in note 13. These measures are used within the Financial Headlines and in this Interim Results Announcement.

For further information please contact:

Associated British Foods:

Tel: 020 7399 6545

John Bason, Finance Director

Chris Barrie, Corporate Affairs Director

Citigate Dewe Rogerson:

Tel: 020 7638 9571

Jos Bieneman Tel: 07834 336650

There will be an analyst and investor presentation at 09.00am GMT today which will be streamed online and accessed via our website here.

Notes to editors

Associated British Foods is a diversified international food, ingredients and retail group with annual sales of GBP13.9bn and 128,000 employees in 53 countries. It has significant businesses in Europe, Africa, the Americas, Asia and Australia.

Our aim is to achieve strong, sustainable leadership positions in markets that offer potential for long-term profitable growth. We look to achieve this through a combination of growth of existing businesses, acquisition of complementary new businesses and achievement of high levels of operating efficiency.

For release 26 APRIL 2022

Interim Results Announcement

For the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

Chairman's statement

This half year sales and adjusted operating profit for the Group returned to the pre-COVID levels reached in the half year to 29 February 2020. This has been led by a strong recovery in sales and operating profit margin at Primark where trading was much improved following the relaxing of most government restrictions on store operations. All our businesses are experiencing logistics challenges, COVID-related labour absences and significant inflationary pressures in raw materials, supply chains and energy. At the end of the period these inflationary pressures increased further with the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Given this backdrop, our food businesses delivered a resilient operational performance.

Our people have faced challenges on so many fronts; I would like to recognise their perseverance and commitment and I thank them for it.

Revenue for the Group of GBP7.9bn was 25% ahead of last year at actual exchange rates and adjusted operating profit of GBP706m was 91% ahead.

The net of Finance and Other financial income and expense improved by GBP10m and so adjusted profit before tax was 109% ahead of last year. The stronger profitability of Primark, and the consequent change in the weight of profit by tax jurisdiction for the Group, has resulted in a return of the Group's effective tax rate to closer to pre-COVID levels at 23.2% from 34.9% last half year. Adjusted earnings per share increased by 154% to 63.8p.

The statutory operating profit for the period of GBP686m increased by 114%. This reflects the improvement in adjusted operating profit and there was a GBP25m exceptional charge in the prior half year.

We have continued to invest for the future with Gross investment of GBP450m. This mainly comprised capital investment which was directed at building capacity in our businesses and, increasingly, expanding capabilities with automation and technology. Acquisitions in Ingredients and Grocery accounted for GBP114m.

The cash outflow for the first half reflected our normal seasonal build in sugar inventories and the payment of final and special dividends for our last financial year. This was much improved on the same period last year which was adversely affected by the lengthy closure of most Primark stores. As a result, net cash before lease liabilities at the half year was GBP1.5bn, which compared to GBP705m a year ago. Net debt including lease liabilities at the half year was GBP1.7bn giving a financial leverage ratio of 0.8 times, demonstrating once again the strength of our balance sheet.

The successful launch on 10 February of our inaugural public bond of GBP400m, 2.5 per cent due 2034, diversified the Group's sources of funding and extended the duration of our borrowings. Some GBP221m of the remaining GBP297m Private Placement Notes have been repaid this financial year.

Dividends

The Board was pleased to resume the payment of dividends for the 2021 financial year and a special dividend was also declared as a sign of confidence in the recovery in trading across the Group's activities.

This half year, the Board has declared an interim dividend of 13.8p per share which compares to the interim dividend declared last year of 6.2p per share. This will be paid on 8 July 2022 to shareholders registered at the close of business on 10 June 2022.

Capital allocation

Our capital allocation and treasury policies were set out in the Annual Results Announcement of 9 November 2021. Our priority is always to invest in our businesses, both organically and by acquisition, at an appropriate pace and wherever attractive returns on capital can be generated.

The Board recognises that the financial leverage of 0.8 times at the half year is below 1.0 times and judges this appropriate given the uncertainty of the current economic environment. The Board will review the availability of surplus cash and capital at the year end.

ESG

Our ESG priorities are shaped and led by the management of each of our businesses, who apply their detailed local knowledge and customer insights to identify the risks and develop the opportunities relevant to their business. ESG actions become an integral part of their business strategy and they are put into effect with clear ownership.

Last year, we engaged extensively with our investors on the key ESG factors for the Group and our strategy and governance in relation to these. We provided an in-depth review of Primark's processes to provide assurance of its supplier practices and of its sustainability strategy, Primark Cares. The presentations for the two briefings can both be found on our website.

We have committed to report our progress regularly. We have made good progress since the launch of Primark Cares in September 2021 and the Operating Review details the encouraging increase in the proportion of clothes made from recycled or more sustainable materials and the percentage of cotton used that is organic, recycled or sourced from our Sustainable Cotton Programme.

We have evaluated where climate change is likely to have the most material impact on the Group and we will set out the relevant scenario analyses in our full year reporting in accordance with the requirements of TCFD.

We will be hosting an ESG Investor Briefing on 18 May, which will focus on the environmental factors that are most material for the Group.

Outlook

All our food businesses are experiencing increasing inflationary pressures in many areas including raw materials, commodities, supply chain and energy. Action has been taken to offset these higher input costs through operational cost savings and, where necessary, the implementation of price increases. However, the benefit of price increases inevitably lags input cost inflation. While we have no businesses in either country, commodity and energy prices have increased further following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. As a result, we now expect a greater margin reduction in these businesses than previously expected for the full year. We expect recovery in the run-rate of these margins but the full effect of margin recovery is now anticipated in our next financial year. We continue to expect an improvement in profit at AB Sugar for the full year.

In Primark, we have seen a progressive easing of COVID-related restrictions across our markets and an improvement in like-for-like sales is evident in the UK and Ireland. With new store openings, selling space at the end of this financial year will be 10% ahead of the selling space at the end of the 2019 financial year. As a consequence, total sales for Primark in the second half are anticipated to be ahead of the second half of the 2019 financial year, which was pre-COVID. Reflecting further inflationary pressures, we now expect a greater reduction in the second half operating profit margin than previously expected although the full year Primark margin will be some 10%. We still anticipate Primark's adjusted operating profit in the second half will be ahead of the same period last year.

With the recovery in Primark's profitability, we expect the Group's effective tax rate for the full year to be close to that of the half year rate.

We will continue to invest in building the capacity and capabilities of all our businesses.

Notwithstanding the greater inflationary pressures and lower second half margins, we still expect growth in adjusted operating profit for the Group in the second half compared to the same period last year. Our outlook for the year is for significant progress in adjusted operating profit and adjusted earnings per share for the Group.

Michael McLintock

Chairman

Operating review

For the half year, sales and adjusted operating profit for the Group were strongly ahead of the prior half year.

All our businesses have experienced increasing inflationary pressures in many areas including raw materials, commodities, supply chain and energy. We have not seen such a scale of inflation in our major markets in recent times. The Group's devolved business model ensures that our management teams are close to their markets and customers, and they have responded to the challenge. We have been taking steps to offset these higher input costs through operational cost savings and, where necessary, the implementation of price increases. However, actions on price inevitably lag input cost inflation and margins in our food businesses declined in the first half as a result. We are focused on recovering these margins but given the extent of the inflation, the full effect is expected in our next financial year.

Despite the inflationary pressures, we have continued to invest in both marketing and new product development in our Grocery brands. Twinings had particular success with the launch of further products in Wellbeing teas, while at Acetum we continue to internationalise the Mazzetti brand. Our Australian bread business Tip Top successfully launched new products into growth markets such as gluten-free bread.

AB Sugar delivered further growth in sales and operating profit in the first half. Both Illovo and Azucarera increased their domestic sugar volumes. Over the years we have invested in our capability to produce valuable co-products. In addition to higher sugar prices, higher prices for these co-products, especially bioethanol and electricity, enabled our businesses to more than offset the increase in energy cost in the first half.

ABF Ingredients performed well in the first half. Its capabilities were enhanced in this period by the acquisition of the Fytexia Group. This is an expert life science company, based in France and Italy, which develops active nutrients for human health. This business is fast-growing and it will broaden our product portfolio to serve the pharmaceutical, nutritional, food and feed markets.

Primark sales for the first half were well ahead of last year at constant currency at 64%. All our stores remained open and trading throughout the period except for short periods in Austria and The Netherlands. Operating profit margin recovered strongly and reached 11.7%, in line with pre-COVID levels. This was primarily achieved by the recovery in store sales densities as footfall has increased and customers return to Primark. The effect of inflation on Primark this first half has been broadly mitigated by a reduction in store operating costs and a favourable US dollar exchange rate. With the increasing inflationary pressures and dollar strengthening, we will implement selective price increases across some of our autumn/winter stock while remaining committed to ensuring our price leadership and everyday affordability, which matters so much to customers.

The table below shows the results by segment on a reported basis.

 
                                                                       Adjusted operating 
                                      Revenue                                 profit 
=====================  =====================================  ===================================== 
                       24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks  24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                          ended         ended          ended     ended         ended          ended 
                        5 March   27 February   18 September   5 March   27 February   18 September 
                           2022          2021           2021      2022          2021           2021 
                           GBPm          GBPm           GBPm      GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
=====================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
Operating segments 
Grocery                   1,821         1,834          3,593       175           199            413 
Sugar                       914           763          1,650        77            66            152 
Agriculture                 809           746          1,537        15            19             44 
Ingredients                 798           735          1,508        63            78            151 
---------------------  --------  ------------  -------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Food                      4,342         4,078          8,288       330           362            760 
 
Retail                    3,540         2,232          5,593       414            43            321 
Central                       -             -              -      (38)          (37)           (70) 
=====================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                          7,882         6,310         13,881       706           368          1,011 
 
Businesses disposed: 
Grocery                       -             2              2        --             1              - 
Ingredients                   -             1              1         -             -              - 
=====================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                          7,882         6,313         13,884       706           369          1,011 
=====================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
 

References to changes in revenue and adjusted operating profit in the following segmental commentary are based on constant currency.

Grocery

 
                                                   Actual   Constant 
                                  2022   2021    currency   currency 
===============================  =====  =====  ==========  ========= 
 
Revenue GBPm                     1,821  1,834     *    1%        +2% 
===============================  =====  =====  ==========  ========= 
 
Adjusted operating profit GBPm     175    199    *    12%    *    9% 
===============================  =====  =====  ==========  ========= 
 

Revenue in the first half was 2% ahead of last year in the face of a number of challenges: retail volumes returned to more normal levels after the COVID lockdowns last year, operating constraints this year as a result of supply chain disruption and COVID-related absences, and Allied Bakeries exiting the Co-op contract in April last year. Operating profit margin reduced with high levels of input cost inflation, especially in Allied Bakeries. Pricing actions have already been implemented and more are in hand to mitigate subsequent cost increases.

Twinings Ovaltine performed well in this period driven by Ovaltine revenue growth in Switzerland and Germany and some recovery in Thailand. In Twinings, further new product launches of Wellbeing teas more than offset a reduction in the retail sales of other teas from COVID-elevated levels last year.

Allied Bakeries sales were well below the same period last year. Restaurant and take-away trade sales were strong for Westmill. Sales were ahead at Acetum as we continue to internationalise and develop the Mazzetti brand. Patak's, Blue Dragon and Al'Fez performed strongly for AB World Foods but margins here, and at Jordans Dorset Ryvita, reduced with the later phasing of price increases.

ACH revenue growth was driven by the price increases for its vegetable oils implemented over the last year to mitigate the impact of higher commodity costs. Strong bakery ingredient volumes more than offset declines in US retail yeast volumes compared to the COVID-elevated levels during lockdowns. Adjusted operating profit for George Weston Foods in Australia was ahead of last year, despite COVID-related operational challenges in our Tip Top bread and Don KRC meat businesses. Tip Top traded well with successful new product launches into growth markets such as gluten-free bread. In the period we developed our pie business in New Zealand with the acquisition of Dad's Pies, a producer of premium pies.

Sugar

 
                                                Actual   Constant 
                                 2022  2021   currency   currency 
===============================  ====  ====  =========  ========= 
Revenue GBPm                      914   763       +20%       +19% 
===============================  ====  ====  =========  ========= 
Adjusted operating profit GBPm     77    66       +17%        +8% 
===============================  ====  ====  =========  ========= 
 

AB Sugar traded strongly in the first half with revenue driven by both higher domestic sales volumes in Illovo and Azucarera and higher sugar and bioethanol prices. This period is the next step in the recovery of profit with an increase of 8% over last year. All businesses continued to focus on reducing the cost of sugar production through on-going efficiency programmes. These cost savings and the contribution from higher sales prices helped mitigate the effects of significant input cost inflation, particularly energy costs. The margin decline was driven by the start-up costs for our Vivergo bioethanol plant included in this period.

EU sugar prices continued to improve over last year as a result of the continuation of low European sugar stocks. Our UK and Spanish businesses have largely contracted sales for the year at much improved prices compared to last year.

UK sugar production is now expected to be 1.03 million tonnes, compared to 0.9 million tonnes produced in the last campaign, with good growing conditions supporting higher yields and mitigating the reduced growing area. The factories performed well, overcoming early beet logistics issues which delayed the start of the campaign. Energy costs remain at very high levels although substantial forward cover mitigated to some degree the margin impact during the first half. We have benefitted from strong pricing of the electricity we produce for export and from the bioethanol produced from sugar. Re-commissioning of the Vivergo bioethanol plant is well underway.

The performance of Azucarera in Spain improved with higher prices and volumes. Significantly improved sales volumes reflected share recovery in Iberia. Sugar production is expected to be significantly higher than last year, although mostly from lower margin refined raws.

Illovo continued to deliver strong domestic sales in Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania along with a strong contribution from co-products in South Africa. However, there was some disruption to production in Malawi, Eswatini and Mozambique in the period, in large part due to adverse weather. Sugar production for the full year is expected to be broadly in line with last year with earlier season start-ups planned later this year to offset the delays already experienced at the end of the current season. The construction of our new sugar factory in Tanzania has begun.

AB Sugar China trading performance was in line with last year.

Agriculture

 
                                                 Actual    Constant 
                                 2022  2021    currency    currency 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
Revenue GBPm                      809   746         +8%         +9% 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
 
Adjusted operating profit GBPm     15    19    *    21%    *    17% 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
 

Revenue at AB Agri was well ahead of last year in the first half with higher selling prices reflecting commodity and energy cost increases. Profit margins were reduced in the period compared to the first half of the last financial year due to the later phasing of mitigating pricing actions.

In the UK sales of monogastric feed benefited from increased demand while pigs were held longer on farms due to meat processing constraints, but piglet feed demand reduced in response to low pork prices.

Frontier sales benefited from a strong start to the year for certified seed, crop protection and fertiliser with farmers willing to invest in crop inputs due to the strength of agricultural commodity prices. The profit from grain merchanting was behind the elevated levels last year when market volatility was high ahead of the end of the Brexit transition period at the end of calendar 2020.

Our business in China traded well with the benefit of a range of new premium products and we successfully opened a new mill in Tongchuan, which makes compound feed for pigs and ruminants.

Ingredients

 
                                                 Actual    Constant 
                                 2022  2021    currency    currency 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
Revenue GBPm                      798   735         +9%        +12% 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
 
Adjusted operating profit GBPm     63    78    *    19%    *    17% 
===============================  ====  ====  ==========  ========== 
 

Revenue in the first half was 12% ahead of last year driven by volume recoveries in a number of our businesses and the price increases already implemented. However, margins were much lower as significant inflation impacted costs ahead of price actions especially in yeast and bakery ingredients.

AB Mauri revenues were ahead although held back by lower demand for retail yeast and retail bakery ingredients compared to last year when COVID restrictions were driving the popularity of home baking. Adjusted operating profit was impacted by the lag in the recovery of significant commodity input cost inflation and the timing of customer price actions. We continued to invest in capacity and capability. We opened a new facility in São Paulo, Brazil, which incorporates an innovation laboratory and bakery centre. A new specialty yeast plant is entering the final phase of construction at our Hull site in the UK which will further expand AB Biotek's ability to develop and deliver innovative products and solutions.

The businesses in ABF Ingredients performed well, with revenue significantly ahead driven by sustained volume recoveries and price increases to compensate for input inflation. AB Enzymes continued to see strong momentum in bakery, food and textiles and our animal feed enzymes performed well in a competitive environment. Abitec, our specialty lipids business, delivered sales growth in pharmaceutical excipients and specialty human nutrition products. Ohly, our yeast extracts business, traded well driven by new products targeted at the attractive meat alternative and human health and nutrition segments. This period we acquired the Fytexia Group, an expert life science company based in France and Italy which develops scientifically supported active nutrients for human health. This business is fast-growing, and the acquisition will broaden our product portfolio and enhance our capabilities to serve the pharmaceutical, nutritional, food and feed markets.

Retail

 
                                                  Actual   Constant 
                                  2022   2021   currency   currency 
===============================  =====  =====  =========  ========= 
Revenue GBPm                     3,540  2,232       +59%       +64% 
===============================  =====  =====  =========  ========= 
Adjusted operating profit GBPm     414     43      +863%      +781% 
===============================  =====  =====  =========  ========= 
 

All Primark stores were trading at the period end and, with minor exceptions, remained open throughout the half year. This compared to prolonged periods of store closures in the UK and Europe in the first half of last year. As a consequence, sales for the first half were 64% ahead of last year and operating profit margin recovered strongly to 11.7%, broadly in line with pre-COVID levels achieved two years ago.

Like-for-like sales improved compared to the final quarter of our 2021 financial year and for the first half were 10% lower than pre-COVID levels in the same period two years ago. Total sales were 4% lower than pre-COVID levels two years ago having opened 27 stores which increased our selling space during this period. Sales were disrupted by the Omicron infections in the middle of this half year but subsequently we have seen like-for-like sales pick up strongly in the UK and Ireland. However, recovery has been slower in Continental Europe where some restrictions have persisted for longer and consumer footfall has remained weaker.

Sales in our UK stores were well ahead of last year. Like-for-like sales were 8% below two years ago and have continued to improve after the period end. Stores in retail parks and town centres have outperformed and footfall in destination city centre stores has picked up as more customers return to work, socialise and shop in city centres.

Sales in Continental Europe were also well ahead of last year. Total sales were 3% below two years ago; like-for-like sales were 14% down, offset by a 12% increase in retail selling space.

Our US business traded well. Total sales were 37% ahead of two years ago; like-for-like sales were 1% ahead of two years ago.

We have seen strong sales of luggage and holiday essentials such as swimwear and sandals as customers return to holiday travel. Sales of health and beauty also staged a recovery as customers return to socialising and false eyelashes and nails performed particularly well with demand boosted by promotion on our social media channels. Homewares benefitted from more home entertaining. Customer reaction to our new spring/summer fashion ranges has been very positive. We continued to develop The Edit, our quality investment pieces for women which first launched in the autumn, and The Great Outdoors, our range of high-performance clothing and accessories of which one-third is made from recycled or more sustainably sourced materials.

Operating profit margin of 11.7% in the first half mainly reflected our stores trading for the whole of the period with minor exceptions. In this half year, inflation in raw materials and supply chain costs was broadly mitigated by a favourable US dollar exchange rate and a reduction in store operating costs. Our stock purchases for the second half of the financial year are already largely committed and we expect some reduction in the second half operating profit margin compared to the first half. We expect Primark's full year margin to be some 10%. With increasing inflationary pressure and dollar strengthening, we will implement selective price increases across some of our autumn/winter stock. However, we are committed to ensuring our price leadership and everyday affordability.

Following the launch last September of the sustainability strategy, Primark Cares, we are developing key performance indicators for the three pillars that will form the basis of ESG reporting in our full year results. We are making progress in a number of key areas, in line with our pledge to make more sustainable choices affordable for all. Some 39% of all clothes sold in the first half were made from recycled or more sustainably sourced materials, a big step-up from 25% for the six months to July 2021. More than half of the clothes we sell are made from cotton and one-third of the cotton in our clothes is now recycled, organic or sourced from the Primark Sustainable Cotton Programme, up from 27% at the launch of Primark Cares. We have now trained some 150,000 farmers in more sustainable farming practices under this Programme, and we are well-placed to reach our target of 160,000 farmers by the end of this calendar year.

 
                                                                       Six months 
                                                                               to  Six months 
                                                                            March     to July 
                                                                             2022        2021 
---------------------------------------------------------------------  ----------  ---------- 
Proportion of clothes made from recycled or more sustainably sourced 
 materials (in unit sales)                                                    39%         25% 
---------------------------------------------------------------------  ----------  ---------- 
Proportion of cotton that is organic, recycled or sourced from 
 the Primark Sustainable Cotton Programme                                     33%         27% 
---------------------------------------------------------------------  ----------  ---------- 
 

The disruption experienced in the supply chain in the autumn continued to alleviate. However, we are still experiencing some delays in dispatch at ports of origin and we expect longer shipping times to continue for some time.

The roll-out of the Oracle stock management system across our store estate is now complete and we are making good progress to equip all stores with state-of-the art point of sale terminals.

We are transforming Primark's digital capability. We took a significant step forward with the UK launch earlier this month of our new customer website. The new site showcases many more of our products and allows customers to check stock availability in their chosen store. We have seen good early reaction from customers: in the first two weeks, traffic to the new site doubled with customers viewing on average twice as many individual pages per session. We will add additional features including a customer account and the ability to create a wishlist of favourite products enabling more personalised marketing. We will roll out the new website across all our markets by the autumn.

Retail selling space increased by 0.2 million sq ft since the financial year end and at 5 March 2022 we were trading from 402 stores and

17.0 million sq ft of retail space, which compared to 16.5 million sq ft a year ago. Four new stores were opened in the period: Catania in Sicily, Italy, and Vigo, Girona and Cadiz in Spain. In addition, we relocated to larger premises in Gloucester in the UK. Since the half year, we opened a new flagship store in Milan city centre, Italy, which has been met by a very strong customer response. We expect to add a net total of 0.5 million sq ft of selling space this financial year.

We continue to make good progress in developing the pipeline of new stores to deliver our ambition to grow our store estate to some 530 stores in the next five years. Our growth markets are the US, France, Italy and Iberia. We will deliver a strong programme of store openings in our next financial year with many currently scheduled during the period up to Christmas 2022. We will also enter the new markets of Romania and Slovakia during that financial year, which will be our fifteenth and sixteenth markets. The US will become a major market for us and, in addition to the six new leases already announced, we have signed an additional three: Walden Galleria Buffalo, in upstate New York, Jersey Gardens, Elizabeth New Jersey, and Woodfield Mall, which will become our second store in the Chicago area. We are already planning an extension to our recently opened store in Sawgrass Mills, Florida.

Principal risks and uncertainties

Managing our risks

Our approach to risk management

The delivery of our strategic objectives is dependent on effective risk management. There are a number of potential risks and uncertainties which could have a material impact on the Group's performance and could cause actual results to differ materially from expected and historical results. Details of the principal risks facing the Group's businesses at an operational level were included on pages 88 to 94 of the Group's Annual Report and Accounts for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021, as part of the Strategic Report.

We have reassessed our principal risks as the world faces the repercussions and impacts of the ongoing geopolitical crisis between Russia and Ukraine; together with the inflationary pressures on raw materials, commodities and energy as economies recover from the impacts of COVID.

In response to the geopolitical uncertainties, our procurement teams have been working closely with suppliers to help them assess their business continuity plans and where appropriate to identify and establish alternative suppliers for essential ingredients and services. In addition, some of our businesses are looking at amending recipes to substitute ingredients, such as sunflower oil, which are likely to be in short supply.

Our businesses remain on high alert to the heightened risk of IT security breaches and cyber-based attacks. We continue to invest in monitoring and detection capabilities.

Whilst the majority of the world is emerging from the COVID pandemic, localised restrictions remain a risk, particularly in Asia.

The purchase of merchandise denominated in foreign currencies by Primark is the most material currency transaction risk for the Group, although Primark is now fully bought for this financial year. The crisis in Ukraine has led to significant volatility in FX markets and a general strengthening of the US dollar, and other commodity-independent currencies such as the Australian dollar, versus Sterling and the Euro. The net impact of these moves will likely lead to a small translation gain in the second half of the financial year.

The Group purchases a wide range of commodities, including the consumption of energy, in the ordinary course of business. We constantly monitor the markets in which we operate and manage certain of these exposures with fixed price supply contracts, exchange traded contracts and hedging instruments. The commercial implications of commodity price movements are continuously assessed and, where appropriate, are reflected in the pricing of our products.

The number of employees working from home continues to be high and they are supported by effective collaboration tools with appropriate IT infrastructure and bandwidth. Remote working has increased the exposure to phishing attacks, which together with socially engineered fraud, have become more sophisticated. In response to this we have worked on increasing user awareness and have implemented higher levels of monitoring.

The Group continues to focus on tightly managing cash flow and maintaining a very strong level of liquidity, further strengthened by the issuance of ABF's GBP400m 12-year inaugural public bond in February 2022.

Going concern

After making enquiries, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements. See note 10 to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.

Condensed consolidated income statement

for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                                            24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                               ended         ended          ended 
                                                             5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                                2022          2021           2021 
 Continuing operations                                Note      GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Revenue                                                 1     7,882         6,313         13,884 
 Operating costs before exceptional items                    (7,237)       (5,996)       (13,008) 
 Exceptional items                                       2         -          (25)          (151) 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
                                                                 645           292            725 
 Share of profit after tax from joint ventures 
  and associates                                                  37            26             79 
 Profits less losses on disposal of non-current 
  assets                                                           4             2              4 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Operating profit                                                686           320            808 
 ---------------------------------------------------  ----  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 Adjusted operating profit                                       706           369          1,011 
 Profits less losses on disposal of non-current 
  assets                                                           4             2              4 
 Amortisation of non-operating intangibles                      (20)          (24)           (50) 
 Acquired inventory fair value adjustments                         -           (1)            (3) 
 Transaction costs                                               (4)           (1)            (3) 
 Exceptional items                                       2         -          (25)          (151) 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Profits less losses on sale and closure of 
  businesses                                             6      (11)             5             20 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Profit before interest                                          675           325            828 
 Finance income                                                    6             5              9 
 Finance expense                                                (50)          (52)          (111) 
 Other financial income/(expense)                                  4           (3)            (1) 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Profit before taxation                                          635           275            725 
 Adjusted profit before taxation                                 666           319            908 
 Profits less losses on disposal of non-current 
  assets                                                           4             2              4 
 Amortisation of non-operating intangibles                      (20)          (24)           (50) 
 Acquired inventory fair value adjustments                         -           (1)            (3) 
 Transaction costs                                               (4)           (1)            (3) 
 Exceptional items                                       2         -          (25)          (151) 
 Profits less losses on sale and closure of 
  businesses                                             6      (11)             5             20 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 
 Taxation   UK (excluding tax on exceptional items)             (29)          (18)           (68) 
  UK (on exceptional items)                                        -             3              3 
  Overseas (excluding tax on exceptional 
   items)                                                      (122)          (90)          (196) 
  Overseas (on exceptional items)                                  -             2             34 
  ==================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
                                                         3     (151)         (103)          (227) 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Profit for the period                                           484           172            498 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 
 Attributable to 
 Equity shareholders                                             476           162            478 
 Non-controlling interests                                         8            10             20 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 Profit for the period                                           484           172            498 
 ===================================================  ====  ========  ============  ============= 
 
 Basic and diluted earnings per ordinary share 
  (pence)                                                4      60.3          20.5           60.5 
 Dividends per share paid and proposed for the 
  period (pence)                                         5      13.8           6.2           26.7 
 Special dividend per share proposed for the 
  period (pence)                                         5       nil           nil           13.8 
 

Condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income

for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                                        24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                           ended         ended          ended 
                                                         5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                            2022          2021           2021 
                                                            GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
======================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
Profit for the period recognised in the income 
 statement                                                   484           172            498 
 
Other comprehensive income 
Remeasurements of defined benefit schemes                    300           448            559 
Deferred tax associated with defined benefit schemes        (74)          (84)          (144) 
====================================================== 
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or 
 loss                                                        226           364            415 
 
Effect of movements in foreign exchange                        5         (335)          (355) 
Net gain on hedge of net investment in foreign 
 subsidiaries                                                  5            11             14 
Reclassification adjustment for movements in foreign 
 exchange on subsidiaries disposed                             -           (6)            (6) 
Movement in cash flow hedging position                        72          (26)             39 
Deferred tax associated with movement in cash flow 
 hedging position                                            (3)           (1)           (14) 
Share of other comprehensive income of joint ventures 
 and associates                                                7          (10)           (10) 
Effect of hyperinflationary economies                         10            12             18 
======================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
Items that are or may be subsequently reclassified 
 to profit or loss                                            96         (355)          (314) 
 
Other comprehensive income for the period                    322             9            101 
 
Total comprehensive income for the period                    806           181            599 
======================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
 
Attributable to 
Equity shareholders                                          799           177            579 
Non-controlling interests                                      7             4             20 
======================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
Total comprehensive income for the period                    806           181            599 
======================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
 

Condensed consolidated balance sheet

at 5 March 2022

 
                                                         5 March  27 February  18 September 
                                                            2022         2021          2021 
                                                   Note     GBPm         GBPm          GBPm 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Non-current assets 
Intangible assets                                          1,756        1,570         1,581 
Property, plant and equipment                              5,308        5,417         5,286 
Right-of-use assets                                        2,511        2,772         2,649 
Investments in joint ventures                                271          256           278 
Investments in associates                                     69           59            60 
Employee benefits assets                              9      942          531           640 
Income tax                                                    23            -            23 
Deferred tax assets                                          191          217           218 
Other receivables                                             53           58            55 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total non-current assets                                  11,124       10,880        10,790 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Current assets 
Assets classified as held for sale                             -            -            13 
Inventories                                                2,525        2,596         2,151 
Biological assets                                            115           96            85 
Trade and other receivables                                1,507        1,381         1,367 
Derivative assets                                            146           64           124 
Current asset investments                             7       34           33            32 
Income tax                                                    62           13            58 
Cash and cash equivalents                             7    2,190        1,112         2,275 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total current assets                                       6,579        5,295         6,105 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total assets                                              17,703       16,175        16,895 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
 
Current liabilities 
Lease liabilities                                     7    (292)        (290)         (289) 
Loans and overdrafts                                  7    (275)        (213)         (330) 
Trade and other payables                                 (2,466)      (1,931)       (2,386) 
Derivative liabilities                                      (40)         (48)          (34) 
Income tax                                                 (152)        (101)         (172) 
Provisions                                                  (80)        (102)          (71) 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total current liabilities                                (3,305)      (2,685)       (3,282) 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Non-current liabilities 
Lease liabilities                                     7  (2,849)      (3,130)       (2,992) 
Loans                                                 7    (473)        (227)          (76) 
Provisions                                                  (35)         (47)          (31) 
Deferred tax liabilities                                   (456)        (300)         (363) 
Employee benefits liabilities                              (145)        (149)         (147) 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total non-current liabilities                            (3,958)      (3,853)       (3,609) 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total liabilities                                        (7,263)      (6,538)       (6,891) 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
 
Net assets                                                10,440        9,637        10,004 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
 
Equity 
Issued capital                                                45           45            45 
Other reserves                                               175          175           175 
Translation reserve                                         (16)         (11)          (34) 
Hedging reserve                                               61            -            43 
Retained earnings                                         10,091        9,359         9,692 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total equity attributable to equity shareholders          10,356        9,568         9,921 
Non-controlling interests                                     84           69            83 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
Total equity                                              10,440        9,637        10,004 
=================================================  ====  =======  ===========  ============ 
 

Condensed consolidated cash flow statement

for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                              Note  24 weeks ended 5 March    24 weeks ended 27 February   53 weeks ended 18 September 
                                                      2022                          2021                          2021 
                                                      GBPm                          GBPm                          GBPm 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Cash flow from operating 
activities 
Profit before taxation                                 635                           275                           725 
Profits less losses on 
 disposal of non-current 
 assets                                                (4)                           (2)                           (4) 
Profits less losses on sale 
 and closure of businesses                              11                           (5)                          (20) 
Transaction costs                                        4                             1                             3 
Finance income                                         (6)                           (5)                           (9) 
Finance expense                                         50                            52                           111 
Other financial 
 (income)/expense                                      (4)                             3                             1 
Share of profit after tax 
 from joint ventures and 
 associates                                           (37)                          (26)                          (79) 
Amortisation                                            33                            34                            74 
Depreciation (including 
 depreciation of 
 right-of-use assets and 
 non-cash lease adjustments)                           373                           409                           823 
Exceptional items                                        -                            25                           151 
Acquired inventory fair 
 value adjustments                                       -                             1                             3 
Effect of hyperinflationary 
 economies                                               2                             2                             7 
Net change in the fair value 
 of current biological 
 assets                                               (29)                          (32)                          (12) 
Share-based payment expense                              8                             8                            17 
Pension costs less 
 contributions                                           3                             4                             4 
Increase in inventories                              (376)                         (565)                         (120) 
Increase in receivables                              (122)                         (113)                          (98) 
Increase/(decrease) in 
 payables                                               46                         (269)                           175 
Purchases less sales of 
 current biological assets                               -                             -                           (1) 
Increase/(decrease) in 
 provisions                                             13                          (16)                          (40) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Cash generated 
 from/(utilised in) 
 operations                                            600                         (219)                         1,711 
Income taxes paid                                    (150)                         (160)                         (298) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Net cash generated 
 from/(utilised in) 
 operating activities                                  450                         (379)                         1,413 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Cash flow from investing 
activities 
Dividends received from 
 joint ventures and 
 associates                                             45                            27                            63 
Purchase of property, plant 
 and equipment                                       (272)                         (263)                         (551) 
Purchase of intangibles                               (64)                          (44)                          (76) 
Lease incentives received                                8                            12                            10 
Sale of property, plant and 
 equipment                                              10                             9                            21 
Purchase of subsidiaries, 
 joint ventures and 
 associates                    6                     (114)                          (39)                          (57) 
Sale of subsidiaries, joint 
 ventures and associates       6                         -                            34                            34 
Purchase of other 
 investments                                             -                          (13)                          (14) 
Interest received                                        4                             6                             9 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Net cash used in investing 
 activities                                          (383)                         (271)                         (561) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Cash flow from financing 
activities 
Dividends paid to 
 non-controlling interests                             (6)                           (2)                           (4) 
Dividends paid to equity 
 shareholders                  5                     (271)                             -                          (49) 
Interest paid                                         (48)                          (56)                         (116) 
Repayment of lease 
 liabilities                   7                     (131)                         (131)                         (290) 
(Decrease)/increase in 
 short-term loans              7                      (80)                             4                          (10) 
Increase/(decrease) in 
 long-term loans               7                       402                             -                          (18) 
Increase in current asset 
 investments                   7                       (1)                           (2)                           (2) 
Movement from changes in own 
 shares held                                          (50)                             -                             - 
Purchase of shares in 
 subsidiary undertaking from 
 non-controlling interests                               -                          (23)                          (23) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Net cash used in financing 
 activities                                          (185)                         (210)                         (512) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Net (decrease)/increase in 
 cash and cash equivalents                           (118)                         (860)                           340 
Cash and cash equivalents at 
 the beginning of the period                         2,189                         1,909                         1,909 
Effect of movements in 
 foreign exchange                                       20                          (23)                          (60) 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
Cash and cash equivalents at 
 the end of the period         7                     2,091                         1,026                         2,189 
============================  ====  ======================  ============================  ============================ 
 

Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity

for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                            Attributable to equity shareholders 
                        =====  =============================================================  ===============  ======= 
                         Note    Issued      Other  Translation   Hedging   Retained          Non-controlling    Total 
                                capital   reserves      reserve   reserve   earnings   Total        interests   equity 
                                   GBPm       GBPm         GBPm      GBPm       GBPm    GBPm             GBPm     GBPm 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Balance as at 18 
 September 2021                      45        175         (34)        43      9,692   9,921               83   10,004 
 
Total comprehensive 
income 
Profit for the period 
 recognised 
 in the income 
 statement                            -          -            -         -        476     476                8      484 
 
Remeasurements of 
 defined benefit 
 schemes                              -          -            -         -        300     300                -      300 
Deferred tax 
 associated with 
 defined 
 benefit schemes                      -          -            -         -       (74)    (74)                -     (74) 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Items that will not be 
 reclassified 
 to profit or loss                    -          -            -         -        226     226                -      226 
 
Effect of movements in 
 foreign exchange                     -          -            6         -          -       6              (1)        5 
Net gain on hedge of 
 net investment 
 in foreign 
 subsidiaries                         -          -            5         -          -       5                -        5 
Movement in cash flow 
 hedging position                     -          -            -        72          -      72                -       72 
Deferred tax 
 associated with 
 movement 
 in cash flow hedging 
 position                             -          -            -       (3)          -     (3)                -      (3) 
Share of other 
 comprehensive income 
 of joint ventures and 
 associates                           -          -            7         -          -       7                -        7 
Effect of 
 hyperinflationary 
 economies                            -          -            -         -         10      10                -       10 
----------------------  -----  --------  ---------  -----------  --------  ---------  ------  ---------------  ------- 
Items that are or may 
 be reclassified 
 to profit or loss                    -          -           18        69         10      97              (1)       96 
 
Other comprehensive 
 income                               -          -           18        69        236     323              (1)      322 
 
Total comprehensive 
 income                               -          -           18        69        712     799                7      806 
----------------------  -----  --------  ---------  -----------  --------  ---------  ------  ---------------  ------- 
 
Inventory cash flow 
hedge movements 
Gains transferred to 
 cost of inventory                    -          -            -      (51)          -    (51)                -     (51) 
----------------------  -----  --------  ---------  -----------  --------  ---------  ------  ---------------  ------- 
Total inventory cash 
 flow hedge movements                 -          -            -      (51)          -    (51)                -     (51) 
----------------------  -----  --------  ---------  -----------  --------  ---------  ------  ---------------  ------- 
 
Transactions with 
owners 
Dividends paid to 
 equity shareholders        5         -          -            -         -      (271)   (271)                -    (271) 
Net movement in own 
 shares held                          -          -            -         -       (42)    (42)                -     (42) 
Dividends paid to 
 non-controlling 
 interests                            -          -            -         -          -       -              (6)      (6) 
Total transactions 
 with owners                          -          -            -         -      (313)   (313)              (6)    (319) 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
 
Balance as at 5 March 
 2022                                45        175         (16)        61     10,091  10,356               84   10,440 
----------------------  -----  --------  ---------  -----------  --------  ---------  ------  ---------------  ------- 
 
 
Balance as at 12 
 September 2020                      45        175          323       (7)      8,819   9,355               84    9,439 
 
Total comprehensive 
income 
Profit for the period 
 recognised 
 in the income 
 statement                            -          -            -         -        162     162               10      172 
 
Remeasurements of 
 defined benefit 
 schemes                              -          -            -         -        448     448                -      448 
Deferred tax 
 associated with 
 defined 
 benefit schemes                      -          -            -         -       (84)    (84)                -     (84) 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Items that will not be 
 reclassified 
 to profit or loss                    -          -            -         -        364     364                -      364 
 
Effect of movements in 
 foreign exchange                     -          -        (329)         -          -   (329)              (6)    (335) 
Net gain on hedge of 
 net investment 
 in foreign 
 subsidiaries                         -          -           11         -          -      11                -       11 
Reclassification 
 adjustment for 
 movements 
 in foreign exchange 
 on subsidiaries 
 disposed                             -          -          (6)         -          -     (6)                -      (6) 
Movement in cash flow 
 hedging position                     -          -            -      (26)          -    (26)                -     (26) 
Deferred tax 
 associated with 
 movement 
 in cash flow hedging 
 position                             -          -            -       (1)          -     (1)                -      (1) 
Share of other 
 comprehensive income 
 of joint ventures and 
 associates                           -          -         (10)         -          -    (10)                -     (10) 
Effect of 
 hyperinflationary 
 economies                            -          -            -         -         12      12                -       12 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Items that are or may 
 be subsequently 
 reclassified to 
 profit or loss                       -          -        (334)      (27)         12   (349)              (6)    (355) 
 
Other comprehensive 
 income                               -          -        (334)      (27)        376      15              (6)        9 
 
Total comprehensive 
 income                               -          -        (334)      (27)        538     177                4      181 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
 
Inventory cash flow 
hedge movements 
Losses transferred to 
 cost of inventory                    -          -            -        34          -      34                -       34 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Total inventory cash 
 flow hedge movements                 -          -            -        34          -      34                -       34 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
 
Transactions with 
owners 
Net movement in own 
 shares held                          -          -            -         -          8       8                -        8 
Dividends paid to 
 non-controlling 
 interests                            -          -            -         -          -       -              (2)      (2) 
Acquisition of 
 non-controlling 
 interests                            -          -            -         -        (6)     (6)             (17)     (23) 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
Total transactions 
 with owners                          -          -            -         -          2       2             (19)     (17) 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
 
Balance as at 27 
 February 2021                       45        175         (11)         -      9,359   9,568               69    9,637 
======================  =====  ========  =========  ===========  ========  =========  ======  ===============  ======= 
 

Condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity (continued)

for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                             Attributable to equity shareholders 
                                   ========================================================  ===============  ======= 
                                    Issued     Other  Translation  Hedging  Retained         Non-controlling      Total 
                                   capital  reserves      reserve  reserve  earnings  Total        interests     equity 
                             Note     GBPm      GBPm         GBPm     GBPm      GBPm   GBPm             GBPm       GBPm 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ========= 
Balance as at 12 September 2020         45       175          323      (7)     8,819  9,355               84    9,439 
 
Total comprehensive income 
Profit for the period recognised 
 in the income statement                 -         -            -        -       478    478               20      498 
 
Remeasurements of defined benefit 
 schemes                                 -         -            -        -       559    559                -      559 
Deferred tax associated with 
 defined 
 benefit schemes                         -         -            -        -     (144)  (144)                -    (144) 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
Items that will not be 
 reclassified 
 to profit or loss                       -         -            -        -       415    415                -      415 
 
Effect of movements in foreign 
 exchange                                -         -        (355)        -         -  (355)                -    (355) 
Net gain on hedge of net 
 investment 
 in foreign subsidiaries                 -         -           14        -         -     14                -       14 
Reclassification adjustment for 
 movements in foreign exchange on 
 subsidiaries disposed                   -         -          (6)        -         -    (6)                -      (6) 
Movement in cash flow hedging 
 position                                -         -            -       39         -     39                -       39 
Deferred tax associated with 
 movement 
 in cash flow hedging position           -         -            -     (14)         -   (14)                -     (14) 
Share of other comprehensive 
 income 
 of joint ventures and associates        -         -         (10)        -         -   (10)                -     (10) 
Effect of hyperinflationary 
 economies                               -         -            -        -        18     18                -       18 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
Items that are or may be 
 subsequently 
 reclassified to profit or loss          -         -        (357)       25        18  (314)                -    (314) 
 
Other comprehensive income               -         -        (357)       25       433    101                -      101 
 
Total comprehensive income               -         -        (357)       25       911    579               20      599 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
 
Inventory cash flow hedge 
movements 
Losses transferred to cost of 
 inventory                               -         -            -       25         -     25                -       25 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
Total inventory cash flow hedge 
 movements                               -         -            -       25         -     25                -       25 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
 
Transactions with owners 
Dividends paid to equity 
 shareholders 
 5                                       -         -            -        -      (49)   (49)                -     (49) 
Net movement in own shares held          -         -            -        -        17     17                -       17 
Dividends paid to non-controlling 
 interests                               -         -            -        -         -      -              (4)      (4) 
Acquisition of non-controlling 
 interests                               -         -            -        -       (6)    (6)             (17)     (23) 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
Total transactions with owners           -         -            -        -      (38)   (38)             (21)     (59) 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
 
Balance as at 18 September 2021         45       175         (34)       43     9,692  9,921               83   10,004 
=================================  =======  ========  ===========  =======  ========  =====  ===============  ======= 
 
 

1. Operating segments

The Group has five operating segments. These are the Group's operating divisions, based on the management and internal reporting structure, which combine businesses with common characteristics, primarily in respect of the type of products offered by each business, but also the production processes involved and the manner of the distribution and sale of goods. The Board is the chief operating decision-maker.

Inter-segment pricing is determined on an arm's length basis. Segment result is adjusted operating profit, as shown on the face of the consolidated income statement. Segment assets comprise all non-current assets except employee benefits assets and deferred tax assets, and all current assets except cash and cash equivalents, current asset investments and income tax assets. Segment liabilities comprise trade and other payables, derivative liabilities, provisions and lease liabilities.

Segment results, assets and liabilities include items directly attributable to a segment as well as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis. Unallocated items comprise mainly corporate assets and expenses, cash, borrowings, employee benefits balances and current and deferred tax balances.

Segment non-current asset additions are the total cost incurred during the period to acquire segment assets that are expected to be used for more than one year, comprising property, plant and equipment, right-of-use assets, operating intangibles and biological assets.

Businesses disposed are shown separately and comparatives have been re-presented for businesses sold or closed during the period.

The Group is comprised of the following operating segments:

Grocery

The manufacture of grocery products, including hot beverages, sugar and sweeteners, vegetable oils, balsamic vinegars, bread and baked goods, cereals, ethnic foods, and meat products, which are sold to retail, wholesale and foodservice businesses.

Sugar

The growing and processing of sugar beet and sugar cane for sale to industrial users and to Silver Spoon, which is included in the Grocery segment.

Agriculture

The manufacture of animal feeds and the provision of other products for the agriculture sector.

Ingredients

The manufacture of bakers' yeast, bakery ingredients, enzymes, lipids, yeast extracts and cereal specialities.

Retail

Buying and merchandising value clothing and accessories through the Primark and Penneys retail chains.

Geographical information

In addition to the required disclosure for operating segments, disclosure is also given of certain geographical information about the Group's operations, based on the geographical groupings: United Kingdom; Europe & Africa; The Americas; and Asia Pacific.

Revenues are shown by reference to the geographical location of customers. Profits are shown by reference to the geographical location of the businesses. Segment assets are based on the geographical location of the assets.

 
                                                                           Adjusted operating 
                                          Revenue                                 profit 
=========================  =====================================  ===================================== 
                           24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks  24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                              ended         ended          ended     ended         ended          ended 
                            5 March   27 February   18 September   5 March   27 February   18 September 
                               2022          2021           2021      2022          2021           2021 
                               GBPm          GBPm           GBPm      GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
Operating segments 
Grocery                       1,821         1,834          3,593       175           199            413 
Sugar                           914           763          1,650        77            66            152 
Agriculture                     809           746          1,537        15            19             44 
Ingredients                     798           735          1,508        63            78            151 
-------------------------  --------  ------------  -------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Food                          4,342         4,078          8,288       330           362            760 
 
Retail                        3,540         2,232          5,593       414            43            321 
Central                           -             -              -      (38)          (37)           (70) 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                              7,882         6,310         13,881       706           368          1,011 
Businesses disposed: 
Grocery                           -             2              2         -             1              - 
Ingredients                       -             1              1         -             -              - 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                              7,882         6,313         13,884       706           369          1,011 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
Geographical information 
United Kingdom                2,951         2,186          4,982       288            99            293 
Europe & Africa               2,902         2,180          4,944       255            69            302 
The Americas                    919           801          1,678       107           130            259 
Asia Pacific                  1,110         1,143          2,277        56            70            157 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                              7,882         6,310         13,881       706           368          1,011 
Businesses disposed: 
Asia Pacific                      -             3              3         -             1              - 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
                              7,882         6,313         13,884       706           369          1,011 
=========================  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
 

Operating segments for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                            Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients   Retail  Central    Total 
                                               GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm     GBPm     GBPm     GBPm 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Revenue from continuing businesses            1,822    950          810          878    3,540    (118)    7,882 
Internal revenue                                (1)   (36)          (1)         (80)        -      118        - 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses                                   1,821    914          809          798    3,540        -    7,882 
Revenue from external customers               1,821    914          809          798    3,540        -    7,882 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Adjusted operating profit before 
 joint ventures and associates                  150     75           13           54      414     (38)      668 
Share of profit after tax from 
 joint ventures and associates                   25      2            2            9        -        -       38 
------------------------------------------ 
Adjusted operating profit                       175     77           15           63      414     (38)      706 
Profits less losses on disposal 
 of non-current assets                            3      -            -            -        -        1        4 
Amortisation of non-operating intangibles      (15)      -            -          (5)        -        -     (20) 
Transaction costs                               (1)      -            -          (3)        -        -      (4) 
Profits less losses on sale and 
 closure of businesses                            -      -            -         (11)        -        -     (11) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit before interest                          162     77           15           44      414     (37)      675 
Finance income                                                                                       6        6 
Finance expense                                 (1)    (1)            -            -     (35)     (13)     (50) 
Other financial income                                                                               4        4 
Taxation                                                                                         (151)    (151) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit for the period                           161     76           15           44      379    (191)      484 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Segment assets (excluding joint 
 ventures and associates)                     2,611  2,099          519        1,722    6,805      165   13,921 
Investments in joint ventures and 
 associates                                      37     32          141          130        -        -      340 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Segment assets                                2,648  2,131          660        1,852    6,805      165   14,261 
Cash and cash equivalents                                                                        2,190    2,190 
Current asset investments                                                                           34       34 
Income tax                                                                                          85       85 
Deferred tax assets                                                                                191      191 
Employee benefits assets                                                                           942      942 
Segment liabilities                           (649)  (461)        (177)        (349)  (3,906)    (220)  (5,762) 
Loans and overdrafts                                                                             (748)    (748) 
Income tax                                                                                       (152)    (152) 
Deferred tax liabilities                                                                         (456)    (456) 
Employee benefits liabilities                                                                    (145)    (145) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Net assets                                    1,999  1,670          483        1,503    2,899    1,886   10,440 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Non-current asset additions                      55    120           14           73      142        1      405 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                                   (52)   (42)          (8)         (26)    (240)      (5)    (373) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Amortisation                                   (20)    (1)          (1)          (6)      (5)        -     (33) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Impairment of property, plant, 
 equipment and right-of-use assets 
 on sale and closure of businesses                -      -            -         (11)        -        -     (11) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 

Operating segments for the 24 weeks ended 27 February 2021

 
                                            Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients   Retail  Central    Total 
                                               GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm     GBPm     GBPm     GBPm 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Revenue from continuing businesses            1,835    798          747          825    2,232    (127)    6,310 
Internal revenue                                (1)   (35)          (1)         (90)        -      127        - 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses                                   1,834    763          746          735    2,232        -    6,310 
Businesses disposed                               2      -            -            1        -        -        3 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Revenue from external customers               1,836    763          746          736    2,232        -    6,313 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Adjusted operating profit before 
 joint ventures and associates                  186     64           16           69       43     (37)      341 
Share of profit after tax from 
 joint ventures and associates                   13      2            3            9        -        -       27 
Businesses disposed                               1      -            -            -        -        -        1 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Adjusted operating profit                       200     66           19           78       43     (37)      369 
Profits less losses on disposal 
 of non-current assets                            1      -            -            1        -        -        2 
Amortisation of non-operating intangibles      (20)      -          (1)          (3)        -        -     (24) 
Acquired inventory fair value adjustments       (1)      -            -            -        -        -      (1) 
Transaction costs                                 -      -            -          (1)        -        -      (1) 
Exceptional items                                 -      -            -            -     (21)      (4)     (25) 
Profits less losses on sale and 
 closure of businesses                            -      -            -            5        -        -        5 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit before interest                          180     66           18           80       22     (41)      325 
Finance income                                                                                       5        5 
Finance expense                                   -    (1)            -            -     (37)     (14)     (52) 
Other financial expense                                                                            (3)      (3) 
Taxation                                                                                         (103)    (103) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit for the period                           180     65           18           80     (15)    (156)      172 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Segment assets (excluding joint 
 ventures and associates)                     2,585  1,925          466        1,394    7,417      167   13,954 
Investments in joint ventures and 
 associates                                      36     27          139          113        -        -      315 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Segment assets                                2,621  1,952          605        1,507    7,417      167   14,269 
Cash and cash equivalents                                                                        1,112    1,112 
Current asset investments                                                                           33       33 
Income tax                                                                                          13       13 
Deferred tax assets                                                                                217      217 
Employee benefits assets                                                                           531      531 
Segment liabilities                           (609)  (334)        (153)        (302)  (3,924)    (226)  (5,548) 
Loans and overdrafts                                                                             (440)    (440) 
Income tax                                                                                       (101)    (101) 
Deferred tax liabilities                                                                         (300)    (300) 
Employee benefits liabilities                                                                    (149)    (149) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Net assets                                    2,012  1,618          452        1,205    3,493      857    9,637 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Non-current asset additions                      44     50           10           59      162        8      333 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                                   (56)   (47)          (8)         (27)    (266)      (5)    (409) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Amortisation                                   (24)    (1)          (2)          (4)      (2)      (1)     (34) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 

Operating segments for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021

 
                                            Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients   Retail  Central    Total 
                                               GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm     GBPm     GBPm     GBPm 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Revenue from continuing businesses            3,594  1,714        1,539        1,687    5,593    (246)   13,881 
Internal revenue                                (1)   (64)          (2)        (179)        -      246        - 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses                                   3,593  1,650        1,537        1,508    5,593        -   13,881 
Businesses disposed                               2      -            -            1        -        -        3 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Revenue from external customers               3,595  1,650        1,537        1,509    5,593        -   13,884 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Adjusted operating profit before 
 joint ventures and associates                  364    149           31          134      321     (70)      929 
Share of profit after tax from 
 joint ventures and associates                   49      3           13           17        -        -       82 
------------------------------------------ 
Adjusted operating profit                       413    152           44          151      321     (70)    1,011 
Profits less losses on disposal 
 of non-current assets                            2      1            -            1        -        -        4 
Amortisation of non-operating intangibles      (41)      -          (2)          (7)        -        -     (50) 
Acquired inventory fair value adjustments       (3)      -            -            -        -        -      (3) 
Transaction costs                                 -      -            -          (2)        -      (1)      (3) 
Exceptional items                                 -  (141)            -            -      (6)      (4)    (151) 
Profits less losses on sale and 
 closure of businesses                            -      -            -           19        -        1       20 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit before interest                          371     12           42          162      315     (74)      828 
Finance income                                                                                       9        9 
Finance expense                                 (1)    (2)            -          (1)     (80)     (27)    (111) 
Other financial expense                                                                            (1)      (1) 
Taxation                                                                                         (227)    (227) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Profit for the period                           370     10           42          161      235    (320)      498 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Segment assets (excluding joint 
 ventures and associates)                     2,541  1,776          441        1,480    6,919      154   13,311 
Investments in joint ventures and 
 associates                                      53     28          139          118        -        -      338 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Segment assets                                2,594  1,804          580        1,598    6,919      154   13,649 
Cash and cash equivalents                                                                        2,275    2,275 
Current asset investments                                                                           32       32 
Income tax                                                                                          81       81 
Deferred tax assets                                                                                218      218 
Employee benefits assets                                                                           640      640 
Segment liabilities                           (601)  (361)        (151)        (340)  (4,142)    (208)  (5,803) 
Loans and overdrafts                                                                             (406)    (406) 
Income tax                                                                                       (172)    (172) 
Deferred tax liabilities                                                                         (363)    (363) 
Employee benefits liabilities                                                                    (147)    (147) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Net assets                                    1,993  1,443          429        1,258    2,777    2,104   10,004 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 
Non-current asset additions                     113    134           21          118      343       16      745 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                                  (110)   (82)         (16)         (56)    (549)     (10)    (823) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Amortisation                                   (48)    (4)          (3)          (9)      (8)      (2)     (74) 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
Reversal of impairment of property, 
 plant, equipment and right-of-use 
 assets on sale and closure of businesses         -      -            -           10        -        -       10 
------------------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  -------  -------  ------- 
 

Geographical information for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022

 
                                       United     Europe 
                                      Kingdom   & Africa  The Americas  Asia Pacific   Total 
                                         GBPm       GBPm          GBPm          GBPm    GBPm 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Revenue from external customers         2,951      2,902           919         1,110   7,882 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Segment assets                          5,449      5,856         1,415         1,541  14,261 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Non-current asset additions               139        170            54            42     405 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                            (138)      (176)          (29)          (30)   (373) 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Amortisation                             (14)       (13)           (3)           (3)    (33) 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Transaction costs                         (3)          -             -           (1)     (4) 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Impairment of property, plant, 
 equipment and right-of-use assets 
 on sale and closure of businesses          -          -             -          (11)    (11) 
-----------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
 

Geographical information for the 24 weeks ended 27 February 2021

 
                                              United     Europe 
                                             Kingdom   & Africa  The Americas  Asia Pacific   Total 
                                                GBPm       GBPm          GBPm          GBPm    GBPm 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Revenue from external customers                2,186      2,180           801         1,146   6,313 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Segment assets                                 5,577      6,020         1,214         1,458  14,269 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Non-current asset additions                       98        164            32            39     333 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                                   (144)      (203)          (30)          (32)   (409) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Amortisation                                    (17)       (10)           (4)           (3)    (34) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Acquired inventory fair value adjustments          -        (1)             -             -     (1) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Transaction costs                                  -          -             -           (1)     (1) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Exceptional items                               (18)        (7)             -             -    (25) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
 

Geographical information for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021

 
                                              United     Europe 
                                             Kingdom   & Africa  The Americas  Asia Pacific   Total 
                                                GBPm       GBPm          GBPm          GBPm    GBPm 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Revenue from external customers                4,982      4,944         1,678         2,280  13,884 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Segment assets                                 5,178      5,754         1,324         1,393  13,649 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Non-current asset additions                      200        382            74            89     745 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Depreciation and non-cash lease 
 adjustments                                   (288)      (406)          (62)          (67)   (823) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Amortisation                                    (35)       (26)           (7)           (6)    (74) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Acquired inventory fair value adjustments          -        (3)             -             -     (3) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Reversal of impairment of property, 
 plant, equipment and right-of-use 
 assets on sale and closure of businesses          -          -             -            10      10 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Transaction costs                                (2)          -             -           (1)     (3) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
Exceptional items                               (13)      (117)             -          (21)   (151) 
------------------------------------------  --------  ---------  ------------  ------------  ------ 
 

The Group's operations in the following countries met the criteria for separate disclosure:

 
                            Revenue                    Non-current assets 
                           24 weeks    53 weeks             24 weeks    53 weeks 
                24 weeks      ended       ended  24 weeks      ended       ended 
                   ended         27          18     ended         27          18 
                 5 March   February   September   5 March   February   September 
                    2022       2021        2021      2022       2021        2021 
                    GBPm       GBPm        GBPm      GBPm       GBPm        GBPm 
--------------  ========  =========  ==========  ========  =========  ========== 
Australia            571        601       1,209       568        545         533 
Spain                748        541       1,190       635        776         670 
United States        614        530       1,098       683        651         672 
--------------  --------  ---------  ----------  --------  ---------  ---------- 
 

All segment disclosures are stated before reclassification of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale.

2. Exceptional items

2021

Exceptional items of GBP151m for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021 included impairments of GBP141m in property, plant and equipment at Azucarera and other sugar businesses, a GBP21m inventory charge in Primark, the reversal of GBP20m of the GBP22m Primark inventory provision raised in 2020, a GBP5m provision for excessive stock of COVID-19 related items in Primark and a GBP4m pension past service cost following a further High Court ruling on 20 November 2020 regarding the equalisation of Guaranteed Minimum Pensions.

Our prior year half year results were announced on 20 April 2021 and included an exceptional inventory impairment charge of GBP21m in Primark, which related to certain seasonal items already on display in closed stores and which could not be sold before the end of the season. These items had been cleared from our stores and the exceptional provision was charged to reflect the write down of this inventory to net realisable value, which was subsequently utilised. The GBP4m pension past service cost was recorded in the first half.

3. Income tax expense

 
                                                       24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                          ended         ended          ended 
                                                        5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                           2022          2021           2021 
                                                           GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
-----------------------------------------------------  ========  ============  ============= 
Current tax expense 
UK - corporation tax at 19% (2021 - 19%)                     18            12             46 
Overseas - corporation tax                                  112            98            208 
UK - under provided in prior periods                          1             -              9 
Overseas - over provided in prior periods                   (3)           (2)            (9) 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                            128           108            254 
Deferred tax expense 
UK deferred tax                                              10             3             13 
Overseas deferred tax                                        12           (8)           (37) 
UK - over provided in prior periods                           -             -            (3) 
Overseas - under provided in prior periods                    1             -              - 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                             23           (5)           (27) 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Total income tax expense in income statement                151           103            227 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 
Reconciliation of effective tax rate 
Profit before taxation                                      635           275            725 
Less share of profit after tax from joint ventures 
 and associates                                            (37)          (26)           (79) 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Profit before taxation excluding share of profit 
 after tax from joint ventures and associates               598           249            646 
 
Nominal tax charge at UK corporation tax rate of 
 19% (2021 - 19%)                                           114            47            123 
Effect of higher and lower tax rates on overseas 
 earnings                                                     7            26             33 
Effect of changes in tax rates on income statement            3             -             17 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes                     24            26             51 
Disposal of assets covered by tax exemptions or 
 unrecognised capital losses                                  1             -            (3) 
Deferred tax not recognised                                   3             6              9 
Adjustments in respect of prior periods                     (1)           (2)            (3) 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                            151           103            227 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 
Income tax recognised directly in equity 
Deferred tax associated with defined benefit schemes         74            84            144 
Deferred tax associated with movement in cash flow 
 hedging position                                             3             1             14 
                                                             77            85            158 
-----------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

The adjusted tax rate of 23.2% is the estimated weighted average annual tax rate based on full year projections and has been applied to profit before adjusting items for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022. The tax impact of adjusting items has been calculated on an item-by-item basis.

The UK corporation tax rate of 19% is set to increase to 25% from 1 April 2023. The legislation to effect these changes was enacted before the 2021 year end balance sheet date and UK deferred tax has been calculated accordingly.

In April 2019 the European Commission published its decision on the Group Financing Exemption in the UK's controlled foreign company legislation. The Commission found that the UK law did not comply with EU State Aid rules in certain circumstances. The Group has arrangements that may be impacted by this decision as might other UK-based multinational groups that had financing arrangements in line with the UK's legislation in force at the time. The Group has appealed against the European Commission's decision, as have the UK Government and a number of other UK companies. We have calculated our maximum potential liability to be GBP26m (2021 year end: GBP26m; 2021 half year: GBP27m), however we do not consider that any provision is required in respect of this amount based on our current assessment of the issue. Following receipt of charging notices from HM Revenue & Customs ('HMRC'), we made payments to HMRC in the prior year. Our assessment remains that no provision is required in respect of this amount. We will continue to consider the impact of the Commission's decision on the Group and the potential requirement to record a provision.

4. Earnings per share

 
                                                        24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                           ended         ended          ended 
                                                         5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                            2022          2021           2021 
                                                           pence         pence          pence 
-----------------------------------------------------   ========  ============  ============= 
Adjusted earnings per share                                 63.8          25.1           80.1 
Disposal of non-current assets                               0.5           0.3            0.5 
Sale and closure of businesses                             (1.4)           0.6            2.5 
Acquired inventory fair value adjustments                      -         (0.1)          (0.4) 
Transaction costs                                          (0.5)         (0.1)          (0.4) 
Exceptional items                                              -         (3.2)         (19.1) 
Tax effect on above adjustments                                -           0.3            3.0 
Amortisation of non-operating intangibles                  (2.5)         (3.0)          (6.3) 
Tax credit on non-operating intangibles amortisation 
 and goodwill                                                0.4           0.6            0.6 
------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Earnings per ordinary share                                 60.3          20.5           60.5 
------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

5. Dividends

 
               24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks  24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                  ended         ended          ended     ended         ended          ended 
                5 March   27 February   18 September   5 March   27 February   18 September 
                   2022          2021           2021      2022          2021           2021 
                  pence         pence          pence      GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
-------------  ========  ============  =============  ========  ============  ============= 
2021 interim                        -            6.2                       -             49 
2021 final         20.5             -              -       162             -              - 
2021 special       13.8             -              -       109             -              - 
-------------  --------  ------------  -------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                   34.3             -            6.2       271             -             49 
-------------  --------  ------------  -------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

The combined 2021 final and special dividend of 34.3p was approved on 10 December 2021 and totalled GBP271m when paid on 14 January 2022. The 2022 interim dividend of 13.8p per share, totalling GBP109m will be paid on 8 July 2022 to shareholders on the register on 10 June 2022.

6. Acquisitions and disposals

Acquisitions

2022

On 31 January 2022, the Group acquired 100% of Fytexia, a B2B specialty ingredients business in France and Italy producing and formulating polyphenols-based active ingredients for the dietary supplements industry. The Group also acquired a small grocery company in New Zealand and a small agriculture business in Finland during the period. The acquisitions had the following effect on the Group's assets and liabilities:

 
                                          Pre-acquisition    Recognised values 
                                                 carrying      on acquisition 
                                                           --------------------- 
                                                   values  Fytexia  Other  Total 
                                                     GBPm     GBPm   GBPm   GBPm 
----------------------------------------  ---------------  -------  -----  ----- 
Net assets 
Intangible assets                                       -       54      7     61 
Property, plant and equipment                           5        1      4      5 
Right-of-use assets                                     8        -      8      8 
Inventory                                               3        2      1      3 
Trade and other receivables                             3        2      1      3 
Cash                                                    8        6      2      8 
Lease liabilities                                     (8)        -    (8)    (8) 
Short-term loans                                     (13)     (11)    (2)   (13) 
Trade and other payables                              (3)      (2)    (1)    (3) 
Provisions                                            (6)      (6)      -    (6) 
Taxation                                                -     (14)    (2)   (16) 
Net identifiable assets and liabilities               (3)       32     10     42 
Goodwill                                                        61     10     71 
Total consideration                                             93     20    113 
----------------------------------------  ---------------  -------  -----  ----- 
 
 
                                          Recognised 
                                              values 
                                      on acquisition 
                                                GBPm 
-----------------------------------  --------------- 
Satisfied by 
Cash consideration                               111 
Deferred consideration                             2 
-----------------------------------  --------------- 
                                                 113 
-----------------------------------  --------------- 
 
Net cash 
Cash consideration                               111 
Cash and cash equivalents acquired               (8) 
                                                 103 
-----------------------------------  --------------- 
 

Pre-acquisition carrying amounts were the same as recognised values on acquisition apart from GBP61m of non-operating intangibles in respect of brands, technology and customer relationships, a GBP16m related deferred tax liability and goodwill of GBP71m. Cash flow on acquisition of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates of GBP114m comprised GBP111m cash consideration less GBP8m cash acquired, a GBP4m contribution to an existing joint venture in China and GBP7m of deferred consideration relating to previous acquisitions.

2021

In the second half of 2021, the Group acquired DR Healthcare España, a Spanish enzymes producer (Ingredients segment). Total consideration was GBP14m, comprising GBP12m cash consideration and GBP2m deferred consideration. Net assets acquired included non-operating intangible assets of GBP19m together with related deferred tax of GBP5m.

During the period, the Group contributed GBP43m (GBP39m in the half year results) to the bakery ingredients joint venture in China with Wilmar International and also paid GBP2m of deferred consideration relating to previous acquisitions.

Disposals

2022

There were no disposals in the first half. The transaction to sell a further yeast company to the joint venture with Wilmar International in China (classified as held for sale at the end of last year) is no longer going ahead. The GBP10m non-cash impairment reversed last year through profit/(loss) on sale and closure of business has therefore been reinstated at a cost of GBP11m.

2021

In the first half of 2021, the Group sold a number of Chinese yeast and bakery ingredients businesses into a new Chinese joint venture with Wilmar International. Gross cash consideration was GBP39m with GBP5m of cash disposed with the businesses. The joint venture also assumed GBP11m of debt, resulting in net proceeds of GBP45m. Net assets disposed were GBP33m with provisions of GBP6m for associated restructuring costs and a GBP6m gain on the recycling of foreign exchange differences. The gain on disposal was GBP6m at year end and GBP4m at the half year.

Closure provisions of GBP3m relating to disposals made in previous years were no longer required and were released to sale and closure of business in Ingredients and Grocery, both in Asia Pacific. Property provisions of GBP1m held in previous years were also no longer required and were released in the Central and UK segments. The half year release was GBP1m of closure provisions no longer required in the Asia Pacific and Ingredients segments.

7. Analysis of net debt

 
                                              At                              New leases                      At 
                                    18 September                            and non-cash      Exchange   5 March 
                                            2021  Cash flow  Acquisitions          items   adjustments      2022 
                                            GBPm       GBPm          GBPm           GBPm          GBPm      GBPm 
---------------------------------  -------------  ---------  ------------  -------------  ------------  -------- 
Short-term loans                           (244)         80          (13)              -             1     (176) 
Long-term loans                             (76)      (402)             -              -             5     (473) 
Lease liabilities                        (3,281)        131           (8)           (25)            42   (3,141) 
---------------------------------  -------------  ---------  ------------  -------------  ------------  -------- 
Total liabilities from financing 
 activities                              (3,601)      (191)          (21)           (25)            48   (3,790) 
---------------------------------  -------------  ---------  ------------  -------------  ------------  -------- 
Cash at bank and in hand, 
 cash equivalents and overdrafts           2,189      (118)             -              -            20     2,091 
Current asset investments                     32          1             -              -             1        34 
---------------------------------  -------------  ---------  ------------  -------------  ------------  -------- 
Net debt including lease 
 liabilities                             (1,380)      (308)          (21)           (25)            69   (1,665) 
---------------------------------  -------------  ---------  ------------  -------------  ------------  -------- 
 

Net cash excluding lease liabilities is GBP1,476m (2021 half year - GBP705m; 2021 year end -GBP1,901m).

8. Related parties

Transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. Full details of the Group's other related party relationships, transactions and balances are given in the Group's financial statements for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021. There have been no material changes in these relationships in the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022 or up to the date of this report. No related party transactions have taken place in the first 24 weeks of the current financial year that have materially affected the financial position or the performance of the group during that period.

9. Defined benefit pension schemes

Employee benefits assets primarily comprise the accounting surplus of the Group's UK defined benefit scheme. At the end of the period these were GBP942m (2021 half year: GBP531m). The increase from GBP640m at the end of the last financial year was driven by a reduction in scheme liabilities as a result of an increase in the discount rate applied from 1.75% at the financial year end to 2.40% at this half year.

10. Basis of preparation

Associated British Foods plc ('the Company') is a company domiciled in the United Kingdom. The condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company for the 24 weeks ended 5 March 2022 comprise those of the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as 'the Group') and the Group's interests in joint ventures and associates.

The consolidated financial statements of the Group for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021 are available upon request from the Company's registered office at 10 Grosvenor Street, London, W1K 4QY or at www.abf.co.uk.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting. They do not include all of the information required for full annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021.

Lower Group adjusted operating profit for the last two financial years compared to 2018/19 was driven by closure of Primark stores and subsequent trading restrictions because of COVID. All our stores have been reopened for some time and almost all of them are free of trading restrictions.

The events of the last two years demonstrated the importance of sufficient financial resources and credit strength to meet operational challenges. In November last year, S&P Global announced they had assigned the Group an 'A' grade long-term issuer credit rating. In February this year, the Group announced its inaugural GBP400m public bond, due in 2034, further diversifying its funding base.

At the half year, the Group had net cash before lease liabilities of GBP1,476m compared to GBP705m at the half year last year. In August 2020, a two-year extension to the Group's GBP1,088m committed facility was negotiated extending its maturity to July 2023. Although we expect to replace this facility, as these plans are not yet finalised, for the purpose of this going concern assessment we have assumed this facility will not be available after maturity.

The directors have reviewed a detailed cash flow forecast to the end of the 2023 financial year. The directors reviewed the trading of both the Food and Primark businesses in the base case and applied a downside sensitivity and a reverse stress test. The directors have a thorough understanding of the risks, sensitivities and judgements included in these elements of the cash flow forecast and have a high degree of confidence in these cash flows.

In the downside sensitivity, the two most significant challenges are price inflation and the potential for future COVID trading restrictions affecting Primark.

All businesses are facing significant supply-side inflationary pressures in commodities and other raw materials, packaging, labour, energy (gas and electricity) and logistics. Inflation has been compounded by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Actions are being taken by the business to recover inflationary cost increases.

The downside scenario assumes that approximately two thirds of cost inflation in the Food businesses and Primark is not recovered and that no mitigating actions are taken. It also assumes further COVID trading restrictions reduce revenues across the Primark estate by 25% for six months. This includes the key Christmas trading period. Again we have assumed that no mitigating actions are taken. It has also been assumed that there will be no further assistance from national governments.

Under these sensitivities, the Group has a net cash position (before lease liabilities) throughout the assessment period and complies with all debt covenants.

The reverse stress test considers circumstances which could exhaust the Group's cash resources during the assessment period. Cost inflation would need to more than double, without any price increases to customers or mitigating actions, before the cash resources are exhausted.

Under the downside scenario, headroom throughout the period is substantial, therefore the directors did not consider it necessary to assess potential mitigating actions available to the Group. The directors consider the likelihood of the headroom being exhausted to be remote.

After making enquiries, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

The Group's business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set out in the Operating Review. Note 26 on pages 186 to 197 of the 2021 Annual Report provides details of the Group's policy on managing its financial and commodity risks.

The 24 week period for the condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company means that the second half of the year is usually a 28 week period, and the two halves of the reporting year are therefore not of equal length. For the Retail segment, Christmas, falling in the first half of the year, is a particularly important trading period. For the Sugar segment, the balance sheet, and working capital in particular, is strongly influenced by seasonal growth patterns for both sugar beet and sugar cane, which vary significantly in the markets in which the Group operates.

The condensed consolidated interim financial statements are unaudited but have been subject to an independent review by the auditor and were approved by the board of directors on 26 April 2022. They do not constitute statutory financial statements as defined in section 434 of the Companies Act 2006. The comparative figures for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021 have been abridged from the Group's 2021 financial statements and are not the Company's statutory financial statements for that period. Those financial statements have been reported on by the Company's auditor for that period and delivered to the Registrar of Companies. The report of the auditor was unqualified, did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying their report and did not contain a statement under section 498(2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

This Interim Results Announcement has been prepared solely to provide additional information to shareholders as a body, to assess the Group's strategies and the potential for those strategies to succeed. This Interim Results Announcement should not be relied upon by any other party or for any other purpose.

11. Significant accounting policies

Except where detailed otherwise, the accounting policies applied by the Group in these condensed consolidated interim financial statements are substantially the same as those applied by the Group in its consolidated financial statements for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021 including for derivatives and current biological assets, which are recognised in the balance sheet at fair value and fair value less costs to sell, respectively. The methodology for selecting assumptions underpinning the fair value calculations has not changed since 18 September 2021.

In April 2021 the IFRS Interpretations Committee issued a final agenda decision regarding configuration or customisation costs in a cloud computing arrangement which provided additional guidance on how to determine whether configuration or customisation expenditure relating to cloud computing arrangements result in an intangible asset. This agenda decision did not have a material impact on the prior period or current results.

New accounting standards

The following accounting standards, amendments and clarifications were adopted during the period and had no significant impact on the Group:

 
--  Amendments to IFRS 4 Insurance Contracts - Extension of the Temporary Exemption 
     from Applying IFRS 9 
--  Amendment to IFRS 16 Leases (Covid-19-Related Rent Concessions beyond 30 June 
     2021) 
--  Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 - Interest Rate Benchmark 
     Reform - Phase 2. Financial authorities have announced the timing of key interest 
     rate benchmark replacements such as LIBOR in the UK, the US and the EU and other 
     territories expected at the end of 2021, with remaining USD tenors expected 
     to cease in 2023. The Group is primarily exposed to USD LIBORs that will be 
     available until June 2023. 
 

Accounting standards not yet applicable

The Group is assessing the impact of the following standards, interpretations and amendments that are not yet effective. Where already endorsed by the UK Endorsement Board (UKEB), these changes will be adopted on the effective dates noted. Where not yet endorsed by the UKEB, the adoption date is less certain:

 
--  Amendments to IFRS 3 Business Combinations effective 2023 financial year (not 
     yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Amendment to IFRS 9 Financial Instruments effective 2023 financial year (not 
     yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Annual Improvements to IFRS Standards 2018-2020 effective 2023 financial year 
     (not yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts effective 2023 financial year (not yet endorsed 
     by the UKEB) 
--  Amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements: Classification of 
     Liabilities as Current or Non-current effective 2024 financial year (not yet 
     endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS Practice Statement 
     2) effective 2024 financial year (not yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8) effective 2024 financial 
     year (not yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction 
     (Amendments to IAS 12) effective 2024 financial year (not yet endorsed by the 
     UKEB) 
--  Property, Plant and Equipment - Proceeds before Intended Use (Amendments to 
     IAS 16) effective 2023 financial year (not yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
--  Onerous Contracts - Cost of Fulfilling a Contract (Amendments to IAS 37) effective 
     2023 financial year (not yet endorsed by the UKEB) 
 

12. Accounting estimates and judgements

The preparation of interim financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expense. Actual results may differ from these estimates. In preparing the condensed consolidated interim financial statements, the significant judgements made by management in applying the Group's accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those applied to the consolidated financial statements for the 53 weeks ended 18 September 2021.

13. Alternative performance measures

In reporting financial information, the Board uses various alternative performance measures (APMs) which it believes provide useful additional information for understanding the financial performance and financial health of the Group. These APMs should be considered in addition to IFRS measures and are not intended to be a substitute for them. Since IFRS does not define APMs, they may not be directly comparable to similar measures used by other companies.

The Board also uses APMs to improve the comparability of information between reporting periods and geographical units (such as like-for-like sales) by adjusting for non-recurring or uncontrollable factors which affect IFRS measures, to aid users in understanding the Group's performance.

Consequently, the Board and management use APMs for performance analysis, planning, reporting and incentive-setting.

 
                    Closest 
                     equivalent 
APM                  IFRS measure  Definition/purpose                              Reconciliation/calculation 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Like-for-like       No direct      The like-for-like sales metric enables          Consistent with 
 sales               equivalent     measurement of the performance of               the definition 
                                    our retail stores on a comparable               given 
                                    year-on-year basis. 
                                    This measure represents the change 
                                    in sales at constant currency in our 
                                    retail stores adjusted for new stores, 
                                    closures and relocations. Refits, 
                                    extensions and downsizes are also 
                                    adjusted for if a store's retail square 
                                    footage changes by 10% or more. For 
                                    each change described above, a store's 
                                    sales are excluded from like-for-like 
                                    sales for one year. 
                                    No adjustments are made for disruption 
                                    during refits, extensions or downsizes 
                                    if a store's retail square footage 
                                    changes by less than 10%, for cannibalisation 
                                    by new stores, or for the timing of 
                                    national or bank holidays. 
                                    It is measured against comparable 
                                    trading days in each period. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Two year            No direct      The like-for-like sales metric expressed        Consistent with 
 like-for-like       equivalent     over two years enables measurement              the definition 
 sales                              of the performance of our retail stores         given 
                                    compared to our experience in the 
                                    first half of 2020, which was before 
                                    any of the economic effects of COVID. 
                                    It is calculated as described above 
                                    for like-for-like sales, but with 
                                    2020 data as the comparator. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Three year          No direct      The like-for-like sales metric expressed        Consistent with 
 like-for-like       equivalent     over three years enables measurement            the definition 
 sales                              of the performance of our retail stores         given 
                                    compared to our experience in 2019, 
                                    the last full financial year before 
                                    any of the economic effects of COVID. 
                                    It is calculated as described above 
                                    for like-for-like sales, but with 
                                    2019 data as the comparator. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Adjusted            No direct      Adjusted operating (profit) margin              See note A 
 operating           equivalent     is adjusted operating profit as a 
 (profit)                           percentage of revenue. 
 margin 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Adjusted            Operating      Adjusted operating profit is stated             A reconciliation 
 operating           profit         before amortisation of non-operating            of this measure 
 profit                             intangibles, transaction costs, amortisation    is provided 
                                    of fair value adjustments made to               on the face 
                                    acquired inventory, profits less losses         of the condensed 
                                    on disposal of non-current assets               consolidated 
                                    and exceptional items.                          income statement 
                                    Items defined above which arise in              and by operating 
                                    the Group's joint ventures and associates       segment in note 
                                    are also treated as adjusting items             1 of the interim 
                                    for the purposes of adjusted operating          results announcement 
                                    profit. 
==================  =============  ==============================================  ========================== 
Adjusted            Profit         Adjusted profit before tax is stated            A reconciliation 
 profit              before         before amortisation of non-operating            of this measure 
 before              tax            intangibles, transaction costs, amortisation    is provided 
 tax                                of fair value adjustments made to               on the face 
                                    acquired inventory, profits less losses         of the condensed 
                                    on disposal of non-current assets,              consolidated 
                                    exceptional items and profits less              income statement. 
                                    losses on sale and closure of businesses. 
                                    Items defined above which arise in 
                                    the Group's joint ventures and associates 
                                    are also treated as adjusting items 
                                    for the purposes of adjusted profit 
                                    before tax. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Adjusted            Earnings       Adjusted earnings per share is stated           Reconciliation 
 earnings            per share      before amortisation of non-operating            of this measure 
 per share                          intangibles, transaction costs, amortisation    is provided 
                                    of fair value adjustments made to               in note 4 of 
                                    acquired inventory, profits less losses         the interim 
                                    on disposal of non-current assets,              results announcement 
                                    exceptional items and profits less 
                                    losses on sale and closure of businesses 
                                    together with the related tax effect. 
                                    Items defined above which arise in 
                                    the Group's joint ventures and associates 
                                    are also treated as adjusting items 
                                    for the purposes of adjusted earnings 
                                    per share. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Exceptional         No direct      Exceptional items are items of income           Exceptional 
 items               equivalent     and expenditure which are material              items are included 
                                    and unusual in nature and are considered        on the face 
                                    of such significance that they require          of the condensed 
                                    separate disclosure on the face of              consolidated 
                                    the income statement.                           income statement 
                                                                                    with further 
                                                                                    detail provided 
                                                                                    in note 2 of 
                                                                                    the interim 
                                                                                    results announcement 
==================  =============  ==============================================  ========================== 
Constant            Revenue        Constant currency measures are derived          See note B 
 currency            and see        by translating the relevant prior 
                     adjusted       period figure at current period average 
                     operating      exchange rates, except for countries 
                     profit         where CPI has escalated to extreme 
                     (non-IFRS)     levels, in which case actual exchange 
                     measure        rates are used. There are currently 
                                    two countries where the Group has 
                                    operations in this position - Argentina 
                                    and Venezuela. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Effective           Income         The effective tax rate is the tax               Whilst the effective 
 tax rate            tax expense    charge for the period expressed as              tax rate is 
                                    a percentage of profit before tax.              not disclosed, 
                                                                                    a reconciliation 
                                                                                    of the tax charge 
                                                                                    on profit before 
                                                                                    tax at the UK 
                                                                                    corporation 
                                                                                    tax rate to 
                                                                                    the actual tax 
                                                                                    charge is provided 
                                                                                    in note 3 of 
                                                                                    the interim 
                                                                                    results announcement 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Adjusted            No direct      The adjusted effective tax rate is              The tax impact 
 effective           equivalent     the tax charge for the period excluding         of reconciling 
 tax rate                           tax on adjusting items expressed as             items between 
                                    a percentage of adjusted profit before          profit before 
                                    tax.                                            tax and adjusted 
                                                                                    profit before 
                                                                                    tax is shown 
                                                                                    in note 3 of 
                                                                                    the interim 
                                                                                    results announcement 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Dividend            No direct      Dividend cover is the ratio of adjusted         See note C 
 cover               equivalent     earnings per share to dividends per 
                                    share relating to the period. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Capital             No direct      Capital expenditure is a measure of             See note D 
 expenditure         equivalent     investment each period in non-current 
                                    assets in existing businesses. It 
                                    comprises cash outflows from the purchase 
                                    of property, plant and equipment and 
                                    intangibles. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Gross investment    No direct      Gross investment is a measure of investment     See note E 
                     equivalent     each period in non-current assets 
                                    of existing businesses and acquisitions 
                                    of new businesses. It includes capital 
                                    expenditure as well as cash outflows 
                                    from the purchase of subsidiaries, 
                                    joint ventures and associates, additional 
                                    shares in subsidiary undertakings 
                                    purchased from non-controlling interests 
                                    and other investments, as well as 
                                    net debt assumed in acquisitions. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Net cash/debt       No direct      This measure comprises cash, cash               A reconciliation 
 before              equivalent     equivalents and overdrafts, current             of this measure 
 lease liabilities                  asset investments and loans.                    is shown in 
                                                                                    note 7 of the 
                                                                                    interim results 
                                                                                    announcement 
==================  =============  ==============================================  ========================== 
Net cash/debt       No direct      This measure comprises cash, cash               A reconciliation 
 including           equivalent     equivalents and overdrafts, current             of this measure 
 lease liabilities                  asset investments, loans and lease              is shown in 
                                    liabilities.                                    note 7 of the 
                                                                                    interim results 
                                                                                    announcement 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Adjusted            See Adjusted   Adjusted EBITDA is stated before depreciation,  See note F 
 EBITDA              operating      amortisation and impairment charged 
                     profit         to adjusted operating profit. 
                     (non-IFRS) 
                     measure 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Financial           No direct      Financial leverage is the ratio of              See note F 
 leverage            equivalent     net cash/debt including lease liabilities 
 ratio                              to adjusted EBITDA based on the last 
                                    12 months rolling adjusted EBITDA. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
(Average)           No direct      Capital employed is derived from the            Consistent with 
 capital             equivalent     management balance sheet and does               the definition 
 employed                           not reconcile directly to the statutory         given 
                                    balance sheet. All elements of capital 
                                    employed are calculated in accordance 
                                    with Adopted IFRS. 
                                    Average capital employed for each 
                                    segment and the Group is calculated 
                                    by averaging the capital employed 
                                    for each period of the financial year 
                                    based on the reporting calendar of 
                                    each business. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
Return              No direct      The return on (average) capital employed        Consistent with 
 on (average)        equivalent     measure divides adjusted operating              the definition 
 capital                            profit by average capital employed.             given 
 employed 
(Average)           No direct      Working capital is derived from the             Consistent with 
 working             equivalent     management balance sheet and does               the definition 
 capital                            not reconcile directly to the statutory         given 
                                    balance sheet. All elements of working 
                                    capital are calculated in accordance 
                                    with Adopted IFRS. 
                                    Average working capital for each segment 
                                    and the Group is calculated by averaging 
                                    the working capital for each period 
                                    of the financial year based on the 
                                    reporting calendar of each business. 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
(Average)           No direct      This measure expresses (average) working        Consistent with 
 working             equivalent     capital as a percentage of revenue.             the 
 capital                                                                            definition given 
 as a percentage 
 of revenue 
------------------  -------------  ----------------------------------------------  -------------------------- 
 

Note A

 
                                                                                           Central 
                                                                                      and disposed 
                                   Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients  Retail     businesses  Total 
                                      GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm    GBPm           GBPm   GBPm 
---------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -------------  ----- 
24 weeks ended 5 March 2022 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses                          1,821    914          809          798   3,540              -  7,882 
Adjusted operating profit              175     77           15           63     414           (38)    706 
Adjusted operating margin %           9.6%   8.4%         1.9%         7.9%   11.7%                  9.0% 
24 weeks ended 27 February 2021 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses                          1,834    763          746          735   2,232              3  6,313 
Adjusted operating profit              199     66           19           78      43           (36)    369 
Adjusted operating margin %          10.9%   8.7%         2.5%        10.6%    1.9%                  5.8% 
---------------------------------  =======  =====  ===========  ===========  ======  =============  ===== 
 

Note B

 
                                                                                        Disposed 
                                   Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients  Retail   businesses  Total 
                                      GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm    GBPm         GBPm   GBPm 
---------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -----------  ----- 
24 weeks ended 5 March 2022 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses 
 at actual rates                     1,821    914          809          798   3,540            -  7,882 
24 weeks ended 27 February 2021 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses 
 at actual rates                     1,834    763          746          735   2,232            3  6,313 
Impact of foreign exchange            (41)      4          (2)         (21)    (77)            -  (137) 
---------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -----------  ----- 
External revenue from continuing 
 businesses 
 at constant currency                1,793    767          744          714   2,155            3  6,176 
 
% change at constant currency          +2%   +19%          +9%         +12%    +64%                +28% 
---------------------------------  -------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -----------  ----- 
 
 
                                                                                                  Central 
                                                                                             and disposed 
                                          Grocery  Sugar  Agriculture  Ingredients  Retail     businesses  Total 
                                             GBPm   GBPm         GBPm         GBPm    GBPm           GBPm   GBPm 
--------------------------------------  ---------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -------------  ----- 
24 weeks ended 5 March 2022 
Adjusted operating profit at actual 
 rates                                        175     77           15           63     414           (38)    706 
24 weeks ended 27 February 2021 
Adjusted operating profit at actual 
 rates                                        199     66           19           78      43           (36)    369 
Impact of foreign exchange                    (7)      5          (1)          (2)       4            (1)    (2) 
--------------------------------------  ---------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -------------  ----- 
Adjusted operating profit at constant 
 currency                                     192     71           18           76      47           (37)    367 
 
 
% change at constant currency             *    9%    +8%     *    17%     *    17%   +781%                  +92% 
--------------------------------------  ---------  -----  -----------  -----------  ------  -------------  ----- 
 

Note C

 
                                                           24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                              ended         ended          ended 
                                                            5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                               2022          2021           2021 
                                                              pence         pence          pence 
---------------------------------------------------------  ========  ============  ============= 
Adjusted earnings per share (pence)                            63.8          25.1           80.1 
Adjustment to reflect the impact of the future repayment                    (6.6)              - 
 of GBP79m job retention monies received in the first 
 half taxed at the adjusted effective tax rate (pence)            - 
---------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                               63.8          18.5           80.1 
Dividends relating to the year (pence) - excluding 
 special dividend                                              13.8           6.2           26.7 
---------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
Dividend cover                                                    5             3              3 
---------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

Note D

 
                                            24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                               ended         ended          ended 
                                             5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                2022          2021           2021 
From the cash flow statement                    GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
------------------------------------------  ========  ============  ============= 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment        272           263            551 
Purchase of intangibles                           64            44             76 
------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                 336           307            627 
------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

Note E

 
                                                          24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                             ended         ended          ended 
                                                           5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                              2022          2021           2021 
From the cash flow statement                                  GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
--------------------------------------------------------  ========  ============  ============= 
Purchase of property, plant and equipment                      272           263            551 
Purchase of intangibles                                         64            44             76 
Purchase of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates        114            39             57 
Purchase of shares in subsidiary undertaking from 
 non-controlling interests                                       -            23             23 
Purchase of other investments                                    -            13             14 
--------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
                                                               450           382            721 
--------------------------------------------------------  --------  ------------  ------------- 
 

Note F

 
                                                   24 weeks      24 weeks       53 weeks 
                                                      ended         ended          ended 
                                                    5 March   27 February   18 September 
                                                       2022          2021           2021 
                                                       GBPm          GBPm           GBPm 
=================================================  ========  ============  ============= 
Adjusted operating profit                               706           369          1,011 
Charged to adjusted operating profit: 
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment           245           265            535 
Amortisation of operating intangibles                    14            11             26 
Depreciation of right-of-use assets and non-cash 
 lease adjustments                                      128           144            288 
Adjusted EBITDA                                       1,093           789          1,860 
Net debt including lease liabilities                (1,665)       (2,715)        (1,380) 
Financial leverage ratio (based on the last 12 
 months rolling adjusted EBITDA)                        0.8           1.7            0.7 
 

14. Subsequent events

In addition to the planned repayment of $100 million of private placement debt during the period, two further planned repayments of $100 million and GBP80 million have been made since the end of the period.

Cautionary statements

This report contains forward-looking statements. These have been made by the directors in good faith based on the information available to them up to the time of their approval of this report. The directors can give no assurance that these expectations will prove to have been correct. Due to the inherent uncertainties, including both economic and business risk factors, underlying such forward-looking information, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. The directors undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Responsibility statement

The Interim Results Announcement complies with the Disclosure and Transparency Rules ('the DTR') of the UK's Financial Conduct Authority in respect of the requirement to produce a half-yearly financial report.

The directors confirm that to the best of their knowledge:

this financial information has been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Standard 34 Interim Financial Reporting;

this Interim Results Announcement includes a fair review of the important events during the first half and their impact on the financial information, and a description of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining half of the year as required by DTR 4.2.7R; and

this Interim Results Announcement includes a fair review of the disclosure of related party transactions and changes therein as required by DTR 4.2.8R.

On behalf of the board

 
Michael McLintock  George Weston     John Bason 
 Chairman           Chief Executive   Finance Director 
 

26 April 2022

Independent review report to Associated British Foods plc

Conclusion

We have been engaged by the Company to review the condensed set of financial statements in the Interim Results Announcement for the 24 week period ended 5 March 2022 which comprises the condensed consolidated income statement, the condensed consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the condensed consolidated balance sheet, the condensed consolidated cash flow statement, the condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity and the related explanatory notes. We have read the other information contained in the Interim Results Announcement and considered whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the information in the condensed set of financial statements.

Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the condensed consolidated interim financial statements in the Interim Results Announcement for the 24 week period ended 5 March 2022 are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Standard 34 Interim Financial Reporting and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority.

Basis for conclusion

We conducted our review in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements 2410 (UK and Ireland) Review of Interim Financial information performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity issued by the Auditing Practices Board. A review of interim financial information consists of making enquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

As disclosed in note 10, the annual financial statements of the Group will be prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. The condensed set of financial statements included in this Interim Results Announcement has been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted International Accounting Standard 34 Interim Financial Reporting.

Responsibilities of the directors

The directors are responsible for preparing the Interim Results Announcement in accordance with the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority.

Auditor's responsibilities for the review of the financial information

In reviewing the Interim Results Announcement, we are responsible for expressing to the Company a conclusion on the condensed set of financial statements in the Interim Results Announcement. Our conclusion is based on procedures that are less extensive than audit procedures, as described in the Basis for conclusion paragraph of this report.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company in accordance with guidance contained in International Standard on Review Engagements 2410 (UK and Ireland) Review of Interim Financial information performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity issued by the Auditing Practices Board. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company, for our work, for this report, or for the conclusions we have formed.

Ernst & Young LLP

Birmingham

26 April 2022

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END

IR KZGZDLKMGZZM

(END) Dow Jones Newswires

April 26, 2022 02:01 ET (06:01 GMT)

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