As filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission on January 12,
2011
Registration
No. 333- 171093
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
(Exact name of
registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware
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54-2100419
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(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
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Changge City, Henan
Province
People’s Republic of China
461500
(Address, including zip code,
and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive
offices)
(Name, address, including zip
code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for
service)
David
J. Roberts, Esq.
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Robert
T. Plesnarski, Esq.
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O’Melveny &
Myers LLP
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O’Melveny &
Myers LLP
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37th
Floor, Yin Tai Centre
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1625
Eye Street, NW
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Office
Tower
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Washington,
DC 20006
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No.
2 Jianguomenwai Avenue
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USA
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Beijing
100022, China
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+1-202-383-5300
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+8610-6563-4209
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Approximate date of
commencement of proposed sale to the public:
From time to time after the
effective date of this registration statement.
If the only securities being
registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest
reinvestment plans, please check the following box.
¨
If any of the securities
being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis
pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities
offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check
the following box.
x
If this Form is filed to
register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the
Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering.
¨
If this Form is a
post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act,
check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement
number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same
offering.
¨
If this Form is a
registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective
amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission
pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following
box.
¨
If this Form is a
post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General
Instruction I.D. filed to register additional securities or additional classes
of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the
following box.
¨
Indicate by check mark
whether the registrant is a large accelerated filed, an accelerated filed, a
non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the
definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller
reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check
one):
Large
accelerated filer
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Accelerated
filer
x
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Non-accelerated
filer
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(Do
not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller
reporting company
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CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION
FEE
Title Of Each Class
Of Securities To Be
Registered(1)
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Amount to Be
Registered(1)(2)(9)
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Proposed Maximum
Offering Price Per
Unit(1)(2)
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Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price(1)(2)(9)
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Amount Of
Registration Fee
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Primary
Offering:
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Common
Stock, par value $0.001 per share
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Preferred
Stock, par value $0.001 per share(3)
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Debt
Securities
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Warrants(4)
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Units
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Rights (5)
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Total
Primary Offering:
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$
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250,000,000
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(6)
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$
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16,762.01
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(7)
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Secondary
Offering:
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Common
Stock, par value $0.001 per share
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9,562,505
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$
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19.37
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$
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185,225,721.85
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$
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13,206.59
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(8)
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Total:
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$
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435,225,721.85
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$
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29,968.60
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(10)
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(1)
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This registration statement
covers an indeterminate number of common stock, preferred stock, and
warrants of Zhongpin Inc., such indeterminate principal amount of debt
securities, and such indeterminate number of rights to purchase an
indeterminate number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as may
from time to time be issued at indeterminate prices, in United States
dollars or the equivalent thereof in any other currency, composite
currency or currency unit, as shall result in an aggregate initial
offering price for all securities in an amount not to exceed $250,000,000
and as may be issued upon conversion or exercise of any securities
registered hereunder, including under any applicable anti-dilution
provisions. Any securities registered hereunder may be sold
separately or as units with other securities registered hereunder.
In addition, up to 9,562,505 shares of our common stock may be sold
pursuant to this registration statement by the selling stockholders
described herein.
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(2)
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Pursuant to General Instruction
II.D of Form S-3, the table lists each of the classes of securities being
registered and the aggregate proceeds to be raised but, other than with
respect to the secondary offering, does not specify by each class
information as to the amount to be registered, proposed maximum offering
price per unit, and proposed maximum aggregate offering
price.
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(3)
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Shares of common stock may be
issuable upon conversion of shares of preferred stock registered
hereunder. No separate consideration will be received for such
shares of common stock.
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(4)
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Warrants will represent rights to
purchase common stock or preferred stock registered hereby. Because
the warrants will provide a right only to purchase such securities offered
hereunder, no additional registration fee is
required.
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(5)
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Rights will entitle the holder
thereof the right to purchase for cash such amount of shares of common
stock or preferred stock, or any combination thereof, at such exercise
price as shall in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set
forth in, the prospectus supplement relating to the rights offered
thereby. Because the rights will provide a right only to purchase such
securities offered hereunder, no additional registration fee is
required.
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(6)
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Estimated solely for the purpose
of calculating the registration fee, which is calculated in accordance
with Rule 457(o) of the rules and regulations under the Securities
Act. Rule 457(o) permits the registration fee to be calculated on
the basis of the maximum offering price of all of the securities listed
and, therefore, the table does not specify by each class information as to
the amount to be registered, the proposed maximum offering price per unit
or the proposed maximum aggregate offering
price.
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(7)
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The registration fee has been
calculated in accordance with Rule 457(o) under the Securities Act. A
registration fee of $4,464 was previously paid on June 18, 2009 in
connection with the registration by Zhongpin Inc. of $80,000,000 in
aggregate initial offering price of securities pursuant to Registration
Statement (File No. 333-160058) filed on such date. Of that amount,
$60,950,000 in aggregate initial offering price of securities were sold to
the public, leaving a balance of unsold securities of $19,050,000 for
which a registration fee of $1,062.99 was previously paid. Pursuant to
Rule 457(p) under the Securities Act, the amount of this unused filing fee
has been applied against the filing fee due in connection with this
registration statement. As a result, a filing fee of $16,762.01 is paid
herewith in connection with the primary
offering.
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(8)
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Pursuant to Rule 457(c) of the
rules and regulations under the Securities Act, the offering price and
registration fee are computed based on the average of the high and low
prices reported for the registrant’s common stock traded on the NASDAQ
Global Select Market on December 6,
2010.
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(9)
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Pursuant
to Rule 429 under the Securities Act, the securities covered by the
prospectus filed as part of this registration statement include
$19,050,000 in aggregate initial offering price of Zhongpin Inc.’s debt
securities, shares of common stock, preferred stock, rights, units and
warrants that were previously registered pursuant to Registration
Statement (File No. 333-160058) and have not yet been issued and
sold.
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(10)
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The
registration fee has been previously
paid.
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The registrant hereby amends
this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay
its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which
specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become
effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, or
until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the
Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may
determine.
The
information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may
not sell these securities pursuant to this prospectus until the registration
statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective.
This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and we are not
soliciting offers to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale
is not permitted.
SUBJECT
TO COMPLETION, DATED JANUARY 12, 2011
9,562,505 SHARES OF
COMMON STOCK OFFERED BY THE SELLING STOCKHOLDERS
We may offer, from time to
time, in one or more series:
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shares of our common
stock;
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shares of our preferred
stock;
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warrants to purchase common stock
and/or preferred stock;
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rights to purchase common stock
and/or preferred stock; and
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units consisting of two or more
of these classes or series of
securities.
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We may sell any combination
of these securities in one or more offerings, up to an aggregate offering price
of $250,000,000 on terms to be determined at the time of offering. In
addition, from time to time, the selling stockholders identified in this
prospectus under the heading “Selling Stockholders,” may sell up to an aggregate
of 9,562,505 shares of our common stock held by them. We will not receive
any proceeds from the sale of our common stock by the selling
stockholders.
This prospectus provides you
with a general description of the securities that we or the selling stockholders
may offer and sell from time to time. Each time we or the selling
stockholders sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will
contain specific information about the terms of the securities offered and may
also add, update or change the information in this prospectus. You should
read this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement carefully before
you invest in our securities.
We or the selling
stockholders may offer and sell these securities directly to you, through
agents, underwriters or dealers. If any agent, dealer or underwriter is
involved in the sale of any securities offered by this prospectus, we will name
them and describe their compensation in a prospectus
supplement.
Our shares of common stock
trade on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “HOGS.” On
January 11, 2011, the last sale price of our common stock as reported on the
NASDAQ Global Select Market was $18.66 per share. You are urged to obtain
current market quotations for our common stock.
You should carefully read and
consider the risk factors appearing throughout this prospectus, including,
without limitation, those appearing under the heading “Risk Factors” beginning
on page 4 of this prospectus.
Our mailing address and
telephone number are:
Changge City, Henan
Province
People’s Republic of China
461500
Neither the Securities and
Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or
disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or
complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal
offense.
The date of this
prospectus is
, 2011
About
This Prospectus
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Where
You Can Find More Information
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Incorporation
of Certain Information by Reference
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Cautionary
Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
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Information
About The Company
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Risk
Factors
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4
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Use
of Proceeds
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19
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Ratio
of Earnings to Fixed Charges
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Selling
Shareholders
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Plan
of Distribution
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Description
of Capital Stock
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Description
of Debt Securities
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Description
of Warrants
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31
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Description
of Rights
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33
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Description
of Units
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34
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Legal
Matters
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35
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Experts
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35
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You should rely only on the
information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in any
prospectus supplement accompanying this prospectus and that we have referred you
to. No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give
information that is different. This prospectus is not an offer to sell nor
is it seeking an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where
the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this
prospectus or in any prospectus supplement is correct only as of the date on the
front of those documents, regardless of the time of the delivery of this
prospectus or any prospectus supplement or any sale of these
securities.
This document, as
supplemented from time to time, may include product names, trade names and
trademarks of other companies. All such product names and trademarks
appearing in this document are the property of their respective
holders.
Unless the context otherwise
requires, all references in this prospectus to “Zhongpin,” “Company,”
“registrant,” “we,” “us” or “our” include Zhongpin Inc., a Delaware corporation,
and any subsidiaries or other entities controlled by
us.
This prospectus is part of a
registration statement on Form S-3 that we filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, or the SEC, utilizing a shelf registration process.
Under this shelf registration statement, we may, from time to time, sell any
combination of common stock and/or preferred stock, various series of debt
securities, warrants to purchase any of such securities, and/or rights to
purchase shares of our common or preferred stock, either individually or in
units comprised of any of such securities, in one or more offerings, for a total
maximum offering price not to exceed $250,000,000 and the selling stockholders
may, from time to time, sell common stock in one or more offerings, up to a
total of 9,562,505
shares of our common
stock.
This prospectus provides you
with a general description of the securities we or the selling stockholders may
offer. If required, each time securities are offered under this
prospectus, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific
information about the terms of that offering and those securities. A
prospectus supplement may include a discussion of risks or other special
considerations applicable to us, the selling stockholders or the offered
securities. A prospectus supplement may also add, update or change
information in this prospectus. If there is any inconsistency between the
information in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you
must rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. Please
carefully read both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement
together with additional information described under the heading “Where You Can
Find More Information.”
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE
INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a
registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
or the Securities Act, with respect to the securities offered by this
prospectus. As permitted by the SEC’s rules, this prospectus does not
contain all the information set forth in the registration statement and the
exhibits and schedules thereto. For further information about us and the
securities, we refer you to the registration statement and to the exhibits and
schedules filed with it. Statements contained in this prospectus as
to the contents of any contract or other documents referred to are not
necessarily complete. We refer you to those copies of contracts or other
documents that have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement,
and statements relating to such documents are qualified in all aspects by such
reference.
We file reports with the SEC
on a regular basis that contain financial information and results of
operations. You may read and copy any document that we file with the SEC
at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C.
20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference
Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a
website site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy statements,
information statements and other information regarding registrants such as us
that file electronically with the SEC. You may also obtain information
about us at our website at www.zpfood.com. However, the information on our
website does not constitute a part of this prospectus.
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN
DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE
To avoid repeating
information in this prospectus that we have already filed with the SEC, we have
incorporated by reference the filings (File No. 001-33593) listed below.
This information is considered a part of this prospectus. These documents
are as follows:
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Our annual report on Form 10-K
for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 (filed on March 15,
2010);
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Our quarterly reports on Form
10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2010 (filed on May 10, 2010), June
30, 2010 (filed on August 9, 2010), and September 30, 2010 (filed on
November 9, 2010);
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Our current report on Form 8-K
filed on June 15, 2010.
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The description of our common
stock contained in our registration statement on Form 8-A, filed on July
13, 2007, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of
updating such description.
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In addition, all documents
that we file with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, after the date
of the initial registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and
prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement as well as all such
documents that we file with the SEC after the date of this prospectus and before
the termination of the offering of our securities shall be deemed incorporated
by reference into this prospectus and to be a part of this prospectus from the
respective dates of filing such documents. Unless specifically stated to
the contrary, none of the information that we disclose under Items 2.02 or
7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K that we may from time to time furnish to
the SEC will be incorporated by reference into, or otherwise included in, this
prospectus.
We will provide without
charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this
prospectus has been delivered, upon the written or oral request of such person,
a copy of any or all of the documents which have been incorporated in this
prospectus by reference. Requests for such copies should be directed to
Zhongpin Inc., 21 Changshe Road, Changge City,
Henan Province, People’s
Republic of China 461500, Attn: Mr. Baoke Ben, Corporate Secretary,
telephone number (011) 86-82861788.
Any statement contained in a
document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this
prospectus shall be deemed modified, superseded or replaced for purposes of this
prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or in any
subsequently-filed document that also is or is deemed to be incorporated by
reference in this prospectus modifies, supersedes or replaces such
statement. Any statement so modified, superseded or replaced shall not be
deemed, except as so modified, superseded or replaced, to constitute a part of
this prospectus.
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This prospectus, any
prospectus supplement, and the documents incorporated herein and therein by
reference contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal
securities laws. Any statements that do not relate to historical or current
facts or matters are forward-looking statements. You can identify some of the
forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words, such as “may,”
“will,” “could,” “project,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,”
“continue,” “potential,” “plan,” “forecasts,” and the like, the negatives of
such expressions, or the use of future tense. Statements concerning current
conditions may also be forward-looking if they imply a continuation of current
conditions. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited
to, statements concerning:
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our goals and
strategies;
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our future business development,
financial condition and results of
operations;
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the expected growth of the
supermarket and food retail industry in
China;
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market acceptance of our
products;
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our expectations regarding demand
for our products;
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our ability to stay abreast of
market trends and technological
advances;
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competition in the meat and food
processing industry in
China;
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PRC governmental policies and
regulations relating to meat and food processing and distribution systems;
and
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general economic and business
conditions in China.
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Forward-looking statements
are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ
materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. You are urged
to carefully review the disclosures we make concerning risks and other factors
that may affect our business and operating results, including, but not limited
to, those factors set forth in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K under
the captions “Risk Factors,” “Business,” “Legal Proceedings,” “Management’s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and
“Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and any of
those made in our other reports filed with the SEC. Please consider
our forward-looking statements in light of those risks as you read this
prospectus and any prospectus supplement. You are cautioned not to place undue
reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of
this document. Additional risks relating to our business, the industries in
which we operate or any securities we or the selling stockholders may offer and
sell under this prospectus may be described from time to time in our filings
with the SEC. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to publish
revised forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the
date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated
events.
INFORMATION ABOUT THE
COMPANY
We are principally engaged
in the meat and food processing and distribution business in the People’s
Republic of China, or the PRC. We are developing what we believe is a
nationally recognized brand of high-quality, fresh-tasting, healthy and
nutritious meat and food products targeting the new middle class in the
PRC. At September 30, 2010, our product line included over 350 unique meat
products, including chilled pork, frozen pork and prepared meats, and over 30
vegetable and fruit products, that are sold on a wholesale basis and on a retail
basis through an exclusive network of showcase stores, network stores and
supermarket counters. Currently, we have 13 processing plants,
located in Henan, Jilin and Sichuan provinces and in Tianjin in the
PRC. Our total production capacity for chilled pork and frozen pork is
approximately 1,566 metric tons per day, based on an eight-hour working day, or
approximately 563,760 metric tons on an annual basis. In addition, we have
production capacity for prepared meats of 250 metric tons per eight-hour day, or
approximately 90,000 metric tons on an annual basis, and for fruits and
vegetables of 83.3 metric tons per eight-hour day, or approximately 30,000
metric tons on an annual basis. In addition, we have annual production capacity
for food oil (pork oil) of approximately 20,000 metric tons. We utilize
state-of-the-art equipment in all of our abattoirs and processing facilities,
and sell all of our products under the “Zhongpin” brand
name.
At September 30, 2010,
our customers included 31 international or domestic fast food companies in the
PRC, 57 processing factories and 1,693 school cafeterias, factory canteens, army
posts and national departments. At such date, we also sold directly to
3,285 retail outlets, including supermarkets, within the
PRC.
To differentiate our company
from other market incumbents, we also have successfully implemented a unique
retail strategy that includes the establishment of a network of showcase stores,
branded network stores and supermarket counters that are exclusive retailers of
our product lines. At September 30, 2010, we had a total of 154 showcase
stores, 1,057 network stores and 2,074 supermarket counter
locations.
We have established
distribution networks in 20 provinces and in the four central
government-administered municipalities of Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and
Chongqing, in the North, East, South and Mid-South regions of the PRC, and also
have formed strategic partnerships with leading supermarket chains and the food
industry in the PRC. In addition, we export products to Europe, Hong Kong and
other selected countries in Asia.
We believe we are a market
leader in the meat and meat products industry in the PRC and that the principal
strengths of our company are as follows:
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We have a vertically-integrated
fresh meat, meat products, fresh produce and fruit supply chain from
farming, slaughtering, cutting, processing and wholesaling to
retailing;
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We have a wide distribution
network through major areas of the
PRC;
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The “Zhongpin” brand name is well
recognized in major areas of the PRC as an established and leading
brand;
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We have advanced production
equipment for the packaging of meat and
food;
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Our customers include some of the
largest supermarket chains, such as Century Mart, Walmart
China, Carrefour China and Metro (China)
Group;
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We have implemented a
comprehensive logistics management program and have an efficient delivery
system that, at September 30, 2010, utilized over 580
temperature-controlled container trucks and public railway;
services;
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Based upon our historical growth
rates, we believe our experienced management team, led by our founder and
Chairman, Mr. Zhu Xianfu, has the ability to grow and expand our
business;
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We have an emphasis on quality
assurance systems;
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We have a comprehensive brand
building strategy and brand equity management;
and
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We have an innovative product
development program, with approximately 89 new products under development
at September 30, 2010.
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As of November 19, 2010, we
had 7,125 employees, of whom 5,394 were operating personnel, 1,270 were sales
personnel, 109 were research and development personnel and 352 were
administrative personnel.
Our principal business office
is located at 21 Changshe Road, Changge City, Henan Province, People’s Republic
of China 461500, and our telephone number is (011) 86-10-82861788. Our
corporate web site is www.zpfood.com . The information found on our web
site is neither incorporated herein by reference nor intended to be part of this
prospectus, and should not be relied upon by you when making a decision to
invest in our securities.
Following are some
specific factors that should be considered for a better understanding of our
operations and financial condition. These factors and the other matters
discussed herein are important factors that could cause actual results or
outcomes for us to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking
statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. It is not possible for
management to assess the effect of each factor on our business or the extent to
which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ
materially from those contained in any forward-looking
statement.
Risks Relating To Our
Business
If there are any
interruptions to or a decline in the amount or quality of our live pigs, raw
pork or other major raw material supply, our production or sales could be
materially and adversely affected.
Live pigs and raw pork are
the principal raw materials used in our production. We procure all of our
live pigs and some of our raw meat from a number of third-party suppliers.
The supply of pork is dependent on the output of pig farms, which may be
affected by outbreaks of diseases or epidemics. Our current suppliers may
not be able to provide live pigs or raw pork of sufficient quality to meet our
stringent quality control requirements. Any interruptions to or decline in
the amount or quality of our live pigs or raw pork supply could materially
disrupt our production and adversely affect our business. In addition to live
pigs and raw pork, we also use additives and packaging in our production, which
we source from third-party suppliers, and resell a wide variety of fruits and
vegetables, which we purchase from third-party farms. Any interruptions to
or decline in the amount or quality of our additives or packaging supply, or in
the fruits or vegetables we procure, could also disrupt our production or sales
and adversely affect our business. We are vulnerable to further increases
in the price of raw materials (particularly of live pigs and raw pork) and other
operating costs, and we may not be able to entirely offset these increasing
costs by increasing the prices of our products, particularly our processed meat
products.
We may be unable to
anticipate changes in consumer preferences for processed meat products, which
may result in decreased demand for our products.
Our continued success in the
processed meat products market is in large part dependent on our ability to
anticipate and develop products that appeal to the changing tastes, dietary
habits and preferences of our customers. If we are not able to anticipate and
identify new consumer trends and develop new products accordingly, demand for
our products may decline and our operating results may be adversely
affected. In addition, we may incur significant costs relating to
developing and marketing new products or expanding our existing product lines in
reaction to what we perceive to be a consumer preference or demand. Such
development or marketing may not result in the level of market acceptance,
volume of sales or profitability anticipated.
If the chilled and frozen
pork market in the PRC does not grow as we expect, our results of operations and
financial condition may be adversely affected.
We believe chilled and frozen
pork products have strong growth potential in the PRC and, accordingly, we have
continuously increased our sales of chilled and frozen pork. If the
chilled and frozen pork market in the PRC does not grow as we expect, our
business may be harmed, we may need to adjust our growth strategy and our
results of operation may be adversely affected.
We require various licenses
and permits to operate our business, and the loss of or failure to renew any or
all of these licenses and permits could require us to suspend some or all of our
production or distribution operations.
In accordance with PRC laws
and regulations, we are required to maintain various licenses and permits in
order to operate our business, including, without limitation, a slaughtering
permit in respect of each of our chilled and frozen pork production facilities
and a permit for production of industrial products in respect of each of our
processed meat production facilities. We are required to comply with
applicable hygiene and food safety standards in relation to our production
processes. Our premises and transportation vehicles are subject to regular
inspections by the regulatory authorities for compliance with applicable
regulations. Failure to pass these inspections, or the loss of or failure
to renew our licenses and permits, could require us to temporarily or
permanently suspend some or all of our production or distribution operations,
which could disrupt our operations and adversely affect our revenues and
profitability.
Our ability to export may be
restricted if we cannot maintain current licenses or obtain additional licenses
in other countries and regions.
For the three years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the nine months ended September 30, 2010,
revenue attributable to our export business as a percentage of our total revenue
was approximately 1%, 1%, 6% and 1%, respectively. We must maintain
certain licenses from applicable foreign governments in order to continue to
export to those jurisdictions. In addition, we must apply for licenses from
applicable foreign governments should we desire to export our products to
countries with which we currently do not have business relations. We
cannot assure you that we can maintain our current licenses for export or obtain
licenses to export to countries with which we do not currently have business
relations. The loss of any licenses or the inability to obtain new
licenses to export may adversely affect the aggregate amount of our export sales
and the profitability of our business.
The loss of senior management
or key research and development personnel or our inability to recruit additional
personnel may harm our business.
We are highly dependent on
our senior management to manage our business and operations and our key research
and development personnel for the development of new processing technologies and
food products and the enhancement of our existing products. In particular,
we rely substantially on our chairman and chief executive officer,
Mr. Xianfu Zhu, and our executive vice president,
Mr. Baoke Ben, to manage our operations. We also depend on our
key research personnel for the development of new products and manufacturing
methods, on our key information technology and logistics personnel for the
production, storage and shipment of our products and on our key marketing and
sales personnel, engineers and other personnel with technical and industry
knowledge to transport, market and sell our products. We do not maintain
key man life insurance on any of our senior management or key personnel.
The loss of any one of them, in particular Mr. Zhu or Mr. Ben, would
have a material adverse effect on our business and operations. Competition
for senior management and our other key personnel is intense and the pool of
suitable candidates is limited. We may be unable to locate a
suitable replacement for any senior management or key personnel that we
lose. In addition, if any member of our senior management or key personnel
joins a competitor or forms a competing company, they may compete with us for
customers, business partners and other key professionals and staff members
of our company. Although each of our senior management and key personnel
has signed a confidentiality and non-competition agreement in connection with
his employment with us, we cannot assure you that we will be able to
successfully enforce these provisions in the event of a dispute between us and
any member of our senior management or key personnel.
We compete for qualified
personnel with other food processing companies, food retailers, logistics
companies and research institutions. Intense competition for these
personnel could cause our compensation costs to increase significantly, which
could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Our
future success and ability to grow our business will depend in part on the
continued service of these individuals and our ability to identify, hire and
retain additional qualified personnel. If we are unable to attract and
retain qualified employees, we may be unable to meet our business and financial
goals.
Our growth strategy may prove
to be disruptive and divert management resources, which could adversely affect
our existing businesses.
Over the last three years, we
constructed, leased or acquired several new production facilities, both within
and outside of Henan province. Our growth strategy includes the continued
expansion of our manufacturing operations and may include acquisitions of
additional products, manufacturing or production capabilities or sources of
supply. In addition, we intend to expand our network of sales offices and
warehouses to additional cities in the PRC. The implementation of such
strategy may involve large transactions and present financial, managerial and
operational challenges, including diversion of management attention from
existing businesses, difficulty with integrating personnel and financial and
other systems, increased expenses, including compensation expenses resulting
from newly-hired employees, assumption of unknown liabilities and potential
disputes. We also could experience financial or other setbacks if any of
our growth strategies incur problems of which we are not presently
aware.
We may require additional
financing in the future and our operations could be curtailed if we are unable
to obtain required additional financing when needed.
We may need to obtain
additional debt or equity financing to fund future capital expenditures.
Additional equity may result in dilution to the holders of our outstanding
shares of capital stock. Additional debt financing may include conditions that
would restrict our freedom to operate our business, such as conditions
that:
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limit our ability to pay
dividends or require us to seek consent for the payment of
dividends;
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increase our vulnerability to
general adverse economic and industry
conditions;
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require us to dedicate a portion
of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing
the availability of our cash flow to fund capital expenditures, working
capital and other general corporate purposes;
and
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limit our flexibility in planning
for, or reacting to, changes in our business and our
industry.
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We cannot guarantee that we
will be able to obtain any additional financing on terms that are acceptable to
us, or at all.
If the world-wide financial
crisis intensifies, potential disruptions in the capital and credit markets may
adversely affect our business, including the availability and cost of short-term
funds for liquidity requirements, our ability to meet short-term and long-term
commitments and our ability to grow our business; each could adversely affect
our results of operations, cash flows and financial
condition.
The global economy has
recently experienced a significant contraction, with an almost unprecedented
lack of availability of business and consumer credit. We rely on the credit
markets, particularly for short-term borrowings from banks in the PRC, as well
as the capital markets, to meet our financial commitments and short-term
liquidity needs if internal funds are not available from our operations.
Disruptions in the credit and capital markets, as have been experienced since
mid-2008, could adversely affect our ability to draw on our short-term bank
facilities. Our access to funds under these credit facilities is dependent on
the ability of the banks that are parties to those facilities to meet their
funding commitments, which may be dependent on governmental economic policies in
the PRC. Those banks may not be able to meet their funding commitments to us if
they experience shortages of capital and liquidity or if they experience
excessive volumes of borrowing requests from us and other borrowers within a
short period of time.
Long-term disruptions in the
credit and capital markets, similar to those that have been experienced since
mid-2008, could result from uncertainty, changing or increased regulation,
reduced alternatives or failures of significant financial institutions and could
adversely affect our access to liquidity needed for our business. Any disruption
could require us to take measures to conserve cash until the markets stabilize
or until alternative credit arrangements or other funding for our business needs
can be arranged. Such measures could include deferring capital expenditures, and
reducing or eliminating discretionary uses of cash.
Continued market disruptions
could cause broader economic downturns, which may lead to lower demand for our
products and increased incidence of customers’ inability to pay their accounts.
Further, bankruptcies or similar events by customers may cause us to incur bad
debt expense at levels higher than historically experienced. These events would
adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial
position.
Our operations are cash
intensive and our business could be adversely affected if we fail to maintain
sufficient levels of working capital.
We expend a significant
amount of cash in our operations, principally to fund our raw material
procurement. Our suppliers, in particular, suppliers of pigs, typically
require payment in full within seven days after delivery, although some of our
suppliers provide us with credit. In turn, we typically require our
customers of chilled and frozen pork to make payment in full on delivery,
although we offer some of our long-standing customers credit terms.
We generally fund most of our working capital requirements out of cash flow
generated from operations. If we fail to
generate sufficient revenues
from
our sales, or if we
experience difficulties collecting our accounts receivable, we may not have
sufficient cash flow to fund our operating costs and our profitability
could be adversely affected.
We may be unable to maintain
our profitability in the face of a consolidating retail environment in the
PRC.
We sell substantial amounts
of our products to supermarkets and large retailers. The supermarket and
food retail industry in the PRC has been, and is expected to continue,
undergoing a trend of development and consolidation. As the retail food
trade continues to consolidate and our retail customers grow larger and become
more sophisticated, they may demand lower pricing and increased promotional
programs. Furthermore, larger customers may be better able to operate on reduced
inventories and potentially develop or increase their focus on private label
products. If we fail to maintain a good relationship with our large retail
customers, or maintain a wide offering of quality products, or if we lower our
prices or increase promotional support of our products in response to pressure
from our customers and are unable to increase the volume of our products sold,
our profitability could decline.
Our operating results may
fluctuate from period to period and if we fail to meet market expectations for a
particular period, our share price may decline.
Our operating results have
fluctuated from period to period and are likely to continue to fluctuate as a
result of a wide range of factors, including seasonal variations in live pig
supply and processed meat products consumption. For example, demand for
our products in general is relatively high before the Chinese New Year in
January or February each year and lower thereafter. Our production and
sales of chilled and frozen pork are generally lower in the summer due to a
lower supply of live pigs, as well as a slight drop in meat consumption
during the hot summer months. Interim reports may not be indicative of our
performance for the year or our future performance, and period-to-period
comparisons may not be meaningful due to a number of reasons beyond our
control. We cannot assure you that our operating results will meet the
expectations of market analysts or our investors. If we fail to meet their
expectations, there may be a decline in our share
price.
We derive a substantial
portion of our revenues from sales in the PRC and any downturn in the
Chinese economy could have a material adverse effect on our business and
financial condition.
Substantially all of our
revenues are generated from sales in the PRC. We anticipate that revenues
from sales of our products in the PRC will continue to represent a substantial
proportion of our total revenues in the near future. Any significant
decline in the condition of the PRC economy could, among other things, adversely
affect consumer buying power and discourage consumption of our products, which
in turn would have a material adverse effect on our revenues and
profitability.
We rely on our exclusive
network of showcase stores, network stores and supermarket brand counters for
the success of our sales and our brand image, and should they perform poorly,
our revenues and brand image could be materially and adversely
affected.
In addition to our sales to
wholesale customers, we sell our products through showcase stores, network
stores and supermarket brand counters. All of these retail-based stores
exclusively sell our pork products and display the Zhongpin logo on the fascia
of the stores. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the
nine-month period ended September 30, 2010, these retail outlets accounted for
approximately 41%, 42%, 44% and 40%, respectively, of our total
revenue. Any significant deterioration in the sales performance of our
retail-based stores
could adversely affect our
financial
results. In addition,
any sanitation, hygiene or food quality problems that might arise from
the
retail-based stores could
adversely affect our brand image and lead to a loss of sales. We do not own or
franchise any of the retail-based stores.
We rely on the performance of
our large retailers and mass merchant customers for the success of our sales,
and should they perform poorly or give priority to our competitors’ products,
our sales performance and branding image could be materially and adversely
affected.
In addition to our retail
sales channel, we sell our products to supermarkets and large retailers, which
in turn sell the products to end consumers. Any significant deterioration
in the sales performance of our wholesale customers could adversely affect the
performance of our products. Furthermore, our wholesale customers also
carry products that directly compete with our products for retail space and
consumer purchases. There is a risk that our wholesale customers may give
higher priority to products of, or form alliances with, our competitors.
If our wholesale customers do not continue to purchase our products, or provide
our products with similar levels of promotional support, our sales performance
and brand imaging could be adversely affected.
The loss of any of our
significant customers could reduce our revenues and our
profitability.
Our key customers are
principally supermarkets and large retailers in the PRC. For the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the nine month period ended September
30, 2010, sales to our five largest customers amounted in the aggregate to
approximately $85.5 million, $81.2 million, $48.4 million and $42.4 million,
respectively, accounting for approximately 12%, 15%, 17% and 6.4%, respectively,
of our total revenue. We have not entered into long-term supply contracts
with any of these major customers. Therefore, there can be no assurance that we
will maintain or improve the relationships with these customers, or that we will
be able to continue to supply these customers at current levels or at all.
If we cannot maintain long-term relationships with our major customers, the loss
of a significant portion of our sales to them could have an adverse effect on
our business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Recent regulatory enforcement
crackdowns on food processing companies in the PRC could increase our compliance
costs and reduce our profitability.
We believe we are in
compliance in all material respects with all applicable regulatory requirements
of the PRC and all local jurisdictions in which we operate. However, the
PRC government authorities recently have taken certain measures to maintain the
PRC food market in good order and to improve the integrity of the PRC food
industry, such as enforcing full compliance with industry standards and closing
certain food processing companies in the PRC that did not meet regulatory
standards. While the closing of competing meat processing plants that do
not meet regulatory standards could increase our revenues in the long term, we
may also experience increased regulatory compliance costs that could reduce our
profitability. We also cannot assure you that our businesses and
operations will not be affected as a result of the deteriorating reputation of
the food industry in the PRC due to recent scandals regarding food
products.
Our failure to comply with
increasingly stringent environmental regulations and related litigation could
result in significant penalties, damages and adverse publicity for our
business.
Our operations and properties
are subject to extensive and increasingly stringent laws and regulations
pertaining to, among other things, the discharge of materials into the
environment and the handling and disposition of wastes (including solid and
hazardous wastes) or otherwise relating to protection of the environment.
Failure to comply with any laws and regulations and future changes to them may
result in significant consequences to us, including civil and criminal
penalties, liability for damages and negative
publicity.
We have incurred, and will
continue to incur, significant capital and operating expenditures to comply with
these laws and regulations. We cannot assure you that additional
environmental issues will not require currently unanticipated investigations,
assessments or expenditures, or that requirements applicable to us will not be
altered in ways that will require us to incur significant additional
costs.
Our largest stockholder has
significant influence over our management and affairs and could exercise this
influence against your best interests.
At November 19, 2010, Mr.
Xianfu Zhu, our founder, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and
our largest stockholder, beneficially owned approximately 18.3% of our
outstanding shares of common stock, and our other executive officers and
directors collectively beneficially owned an additional 4.7% of our outstanding
shares of common stock. As a result, pursuant to our By-laws and
applicable laws and regulations, our controlling stockholder and our other
executive officers and directors are able to exercise significant influence over
our company, including, but not limited to, any stockholder approvals for the
election of our directors and, indirectly, the selection of our senior
management, the amount of dividend payments, if any, our annual budget,
increases or decreases in our share capital, new securities issuance, mergers
and acquisitions and any amendments to our By-laws. Furthermore, this
concentration of ownership may delay or prevent a change of control or
discourage a potential acquirer from making a tender offer or otherwise
attempting to obtain control of us, which could decrease the market price of our
shares.
Deterioration of our
perishable products may occur due to delivery delays, malfunctioning of freezer
facilities or poor handling during transportation, which could adversely affect
our revenues and the goodwill of our business.
The condition of our food
products (being perishable goods) may deteriorate due to shipment or delivery
delays, malfunctioning of freezer facilities or poor handling during delivery by
shippers or intermediaries. We are not aware of any instances whereby we
were made to compensate for delivery delays, malfunctioning of freezer
facilities or poor handling during transportation. However, there is no
assurance that such incidents will not occur in the future. In the event
of any delivery delays, malfunctioning of freezer facilities or poor handling
during transportation, we may have to make compensation payments and our
reputation, business goodwill and revenue will be adversely
affected.
If we fail to develop and
maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to
accurately report our financial results or prevent fraud; as a result, current
and potential stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reports, which
could harm our business and the trading price of our common
stock.
Effective internal controls
are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and effectively
prevent fraud. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 requires us to
evaluate and report on our internal controls over financial reporting and have
our independent registered public accounting firm annually attest to our
evaluation, as well as issue their own opinion on our internal controls
over financial reporting. We cannot be certain that the measures we have
undertaken to comply with Section 404 will ensure that we will maintain adequate
controls over our financial processes and reporting in the future. Furthermore,
if we are able to rapidly grow our business, the internal controls that we will
need will become more complex, and significantly more resources will be required
to ensure our internal controls remain effective. Failure to implement
required controls, or difficulties encountered in their implementation, could
harm our operating results or cause us to fail to meet our reporting
obligations. If we or our auditors discover a material weakness in our
internal controls, the disclosure of that fact, even if the weakness is quickly
remedied, could diminish investors’ confidence in our financial statements and
harm our stock price. In addition, non-compliance with Section 404 could subject
us to a variety of administrative sanctions, including the suspension of
trading, ineligibility for listing on one of the national securities exchanges
and the inability of registered broker-dealers to make a market in our common
stock, which could reduce our stock price.
If we are required to make a
payment under our guarantee of the indebtedness of Huanghe Group Co., Ltd., our
liquidity may be adversely affected, which could harm our financial condition
and results of operations.
In June 2010, Henan Zhongpin
entered into a mutual guarantee agreement with Huanghe Group Co., Ltd., a group
corporation based in Henan province, PRC that is not affiliated with our company
or with any of our subsidiaries (“Huanghe Group”). Under the agreement, Henan
Zhongpin agreed to guarantee bank loans of Huanghe Group in an amount up to
$22.1 million and Huanghe Group agreed to guarantee Henan Zhongpin’s bank loans
in an amount up to $22.1 million. The agreement will expire in June 2011. At the
expiration of the agreements, each party will remain obligated under its
guarantee for any loans of the other party that are outstanding on the date of
expiration of the agreements. At September 30, 2010, Henan Zhongpin had
outstanding guarantees for $16.4 million of Huanghe Group’s bank loans under the
agreements. All of the bank loans of Huanghe Group guaranteed by Henan Zhongpin
will mature within the next 12 months. However, we may extend the mutual
guarantee agreement with Huanghe Group or enter into a similar mutual guarantee
agreement with another unaffiliated entity in the future. If Huanghe Group or
any other entity with which we have a mutual guarantee agreement defaults on its
bank loans and we or one of our subsidiaries is required to pay all or a portion
of such loans under a mutual guarantee agreement, we or such subsidiary will be
required to seek reimbursement for such payment from the unaffiliated entity. In
such event, it is unlikely that the unaffiliated entity will be able to make
such reimbursement and we may be unable to recoup the amount we paid at such
time, if ever. Further, under a mutual guarantee agreement, we or such
subsidiary may be required to make payment at a time when we or such subsidiary
does not have sufficient cash to make such payment and at a time when we or such
subsidiary may be unable to borrow such funds on terms that are acceptable, if
at all. As a result, any demand for payment under a mutual guarantee agreement
to which we or one of our subsidiaries is a party may have an adverse affect on
our liquidity, financial condition and results of
operations.
A general economic downturn,
a recession or a sudden disruption in business conditions in the PRC may affect
consumer purchases of discretionary items, including food products, which could
adversely affect our business.
Consumer spending is
generally affected by a number of factors, including general economic
conditions, the level of unemployment, inflation, interest rates, energy costs,
gasoline prices and consumer confidence generally, all of which are beyond our
control. Consumer purchases of discretionary items tend to decline during
recessionary periods, when disposable income is lower, and may impact sales of
our products. In addition, sudden disruption in business conditions as a
result of a terrorist attack, retaliation and the threat of further attacks or
retaliation, war, adverse weather conditions and climate changes or other
natural disasters, pandemic situations or large scale power outages can have a
short or, sometimes, long-term impact on consumer spending. A downturn in
the economy in the PRC, including any recession or a sudden disruption of
business conditions in those economies, could adversely affect our business,
financial condition or results of operation.
Risks Relating To Our
Industry
An outbreak of swine
influenza (swine flu) or other diseases could adversely affect our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
A spread of swine influenza
(A/H1N1 flu), a form influenza, or any outbreak of other epidemics in the PRC
affecting animals or humans might result in material disruptions to our
operations, material disruptions to the operations of our customers or
suppliers, a decline in the supermarket or food retail industry or slowdown in
economic growth in the PRC and surrounding regions, any of which could have a
material adverse effect on our operations and sales revenue. According to the
World Health Organization (WHO), over 12,000 people have died of A/H1N1 flu
worldwide in 2009. Since June 11, 2009, WHO has maintained its flu alert level
at level 6, the highest level, which indicates a pandemic, although the WHO
maintains that the severity of the pandemic is moderate. As of December 31, 2009
more than 120,000 confirmed cases of A/H1N1 in humans were reported by health
officials in China, with the death toll at 648. According to the U.S. Center for
Disease Control and Prevention, A/H1N1 flu cannot be contracted by humans
through eating properly-handled and cooked pork or pork products. In addition,
our procurement and production facilities have not been affected by A/H1N1 flu
and we are not aware of any recent cases of A/H1N1 flu anywhere in the PRC.
However, negative association of the A/H1N1 flu with pigs and pork products
could have a negative impact on sales of pork products. Moreover, there can be
no assurance that our facilities or products will not be affected by A/H1N1 flu
or similar influenzas in the future, or that the market for pork products in the
PRC will not decline as a result of fear of such disease. If either case should
occur, our business, results of operations and financial condition would be
adversely and materially affected.
The pig slaughtering and
processed meat industries in the PRC are subject to extensive government
regulation, which is still evolving and could adversely affect our ability to
sell products in the PRC or increase our production
costs.
The pig slaughtering and
processed meat industries in the PRC are heavily regulated by a number of
governmental agencies, including primarily the Ministry of Agriculture, the
Ministry of Commerce, the Ministry of Health, the General Administration of
Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the State Environmental
Protection Administration. These regulatory bodies have broad discretion
and authority to regulate many aspects of the pig slaughtering and processed
meat industries in the PRC, including, without limitation, setting hygiene
standards for production and quality standards for processed meat
products. In addition, the pig slaughtering and processed meat products
regulatory framework in the PRC is still in the process of being
developed. If the relevant regulatory authorities set standards with which
we are unable to comply or which increase our production costs and hence our
prices so as to render our products non-competitive, our ability to sell
products in the PRC may be limited.
The pig slaughtering and
processed meat industries in the PRC may face increasing competition from both
domestic and foreign companies, as well as increasing industry consolidation,
which may affect our market share and profit margin.
The pig slaughtering and
processed meat industries in the PRC are highly competitive. Our processed
meat products are targeted at mid- to high-end consumers, a market in which we
face increasing competition, particularly from foreign suppliers. In
addition, the evolving government regulations in relation to the pig
slaughtering industry has driven a trend of consolidation through the industry,
with smaller operators unable to meet the increasing costs of regulatory
compliance and therefore at a competitive disadvantage. We believe that
our ability to maintain our market share and grow our operations within this
landscape of changing and increasing competition is largely dependent upon our
ability to distinguish our products and services.
We cannot assure you that our
current or potential competitors will not develop products of a comparable or
superior quality to ours, or adapt more quickly than we do to evolving consumer
preferences or market trends. In addition, our competitors in the raw meat
market may merge or form alliances to achieve a scale of operations or sales
network which would make it difficult for us to compete. Increased
competition may also lead to price wars, counterfeit products or negative brand
advertising, all of which may adversely affect our market share and profit
margin. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete effectively
with our current or potential competitors.
The outbreak of animal
diseases or other epidemics could adversely affect our
operations.
An occurrence of serious
animal diseases, such as foot-and-mouth disease, or any outbreak of other
epidemics in the PRC affecting animals or humans might result in material
disruptions to our operations, material disruptions to the operations of our
customers or suppliers, a decline in the supermarket or food retail industry or
slowdown in economic growth in the PRC and surrounding regions, any of which
could have a material adverse effect on our operations and turnover. In 2006,
there was an outbreak of streptococcus suis in pigs, principally in Sichuan
province, PRC, with a large number of cases of human infection following contact
with diseased pigs. There also were unrelated reports of diseased pigs in
Guangdong province, PRC. Our procurement and production facilities are located
in Henan province, PRC and were not affected by the streptococcus suis
infection. In March 2010, there were reports of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth
disease in Guangdong province, PRC and a total of 8,382 pigs have been
culled after such disease break as of March 2, 2010. There can be no assurance
that our facilities or products will not be affected by an outbreak of this
disease or similar ones in the future, or that the market for pork products in
the PRC will not decline as a result of fear of disease. In either case, our
business, results of operations and financial condition would be adversely and
materially affected.
Consumer concerns regarding
the safety and quality of food products or health concerns could adversely
affect sales of our products.
Our sales performance could
be adversely affected if consumers lose confidence in the safety and quality of
our products. Consumers in the PRC are increasingly conscious of food
safety and nutrition. Consumer concerns about, for example, the safety of pork
products, or about the safety of food additives used in processed meat products,
could discourage them from buying certain of our products and cause our results
of operations to suffer.
We may be subject to
substantial liability should the consumption of any of our products cause
personal injury or illness and, unlike most food processing companies in the
United States, we do not maintain product liability insurance to cover our
potential liabilities.
The sale of food products for
human consumption involves an inherent risk of injury to consumers. Such
injuries may result from tampering by unauthorized third parties or product
contamination or degeneration, including the presence of foreign contaminants,
chemical substances or other agents or residues during the various stages of the
procurement and production process. While we are subject to governmental
inspections and regulations, we cannot assure you that consumption of our
products will not cause a health-related illness in the future, or that we will
not be subject to claims or lawsuits relating to such
matters.
Even if a product liability
claim is unsuccessful or is not fully pursued, the negative publicity
surrounding any assertions that our products caused personal injury or illness
could adversely affect our reputation with customers and our corporate and brand
image. Unlike most food processing companies in the United States, but in
line with industry practice in the PRC, we do not maintain product liability
insurance. Furthermore, our products could potentially suffer from product
tampering, contamination or degeneration or be mislabeled or otherwise damaged.
Under certain circumstances, we may be required to recall products. Even
if a situation does not necessitate a product recall, we cannot assure you that
product liability claims will not be asserted against us as a result. A product
liability judgment against us or a product recall could have a material adverse
effect on our revenues, profitability and business
reputation.
Our product and company name
may be subject to counterfeiting and/or imitation, which could have an adverse
effect upon our reputation and brand image, as well as lead to higher
administrative costs.
We regard brand positioning
as the core of our competitive strategy, and intend to position our “Zhongpin”
brand to create the perception and image of “health, nutrition, freshness and
quality” in the minds of our customers. There have been frequent
occurrences of counterfeiting and imitation of products in the PRC in the
past. We cannot guarantee that counterfeiting or imitation of our products
will not occur in the future or that we will be able to detect it and deal with
it effectively. Any occurrence of counterfeiting or imitation could
negatively affect our corporate and brand image, particularly if the counterfeit
or imitation products cause sickness, injury or death to consumers. In addition,
counterfeit or imitation products could result in a reduction in our market
share, a loss of revenues or an increase in our administrative expenses in
respect of detection or prosecution.
Failure to adequately protect
our intellectual property rights may undermine our competitive position, and
litigation to protect our intellectual property rights may be
costly.
We have registered our
trademark “Zhongpin” in the PRC for the product categories for which it is
currently used. However, there can be no assurance that additional applications,
if any, we make to register such mark, or any other tradename or trademark we
may seek to register, will be approved and/or that the right to the use of any
such trademarks outside of their respective current areas of usage will not be
claimed by others. We also own the rights to two domain names that we use in
connection with the operation of our business. We believe that such trademarks
and domain names provide us with the opportunity to enhance our marketing
efforts for our products. Failure to protect our intellectual property rights
may undermine our marketing efforts and result in harm to our reputation and the
growth of our business.
PRC intellectual
property-related laws and their implementation are still under development.
Accordingly, intellectual property rights in China may not be as effective as in
the United States or many other countries. Litigation may be necessary to
enforce our intellectual property rights and the outcome of any such litigation
may not be in our favor. Given the relative unpredictability of China’s legal
system and potential difficulties enforcing a court judgment in China, there is
no guarantee that we would be able to halt the unauthorized use of our
intellectual property through litigation in a timely manner or at all.
Furthermore, any such litigation may be costly and may divert management
attention away from our business and cause us to expend significant resources.
An adverse determination in any such litigation will impair our intellectual
property rights and may harm our business, prospects and reputation. We
have no insurance coverage against litigation costs so we would be forced to
bear all litigation costs if we cannot recover them from other parties. All of
the foregoing factors could harm our business and financial
condition.
Risks Relating To Conducting
Business in the PRC
Substantially all of our
assets and operations are located in the PRC, and substantially all of our
revenue is sourced from the PRC. Accordingly, our results of operations
and financial position are subject to a significant degree to economic,
political and legal developments in the PRC, including the following
risks:
Changes in the political and
economic policies of the PRC government could have a material adverse effect on
our operations.
Our business operations may
be adversely affected by the political and economic environment in the
PRC. The PRC has operated as a socialist state since 1949 and is
controlled by the Communist Party of China. As such, the economy of the
PRC differs from the economies of most developed countries in many
respects, including, but not limited to:
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In recent years, however, the
government has introduced measures aimed at creating a “socialist market
economy” and policies have been implemented to allow business enterprises
greater autonomy in their operations. Nonetheless, a substantial portion
of productive assets in the PRC is still owned by the PRC government.
Changes in the political leadership of the PRC may have a significant effect on
laws and policies related to the current economic reforms program, other
policies affecting business and the general political, economic and social
environment in the PRC, including the introduction of measures to control
inflation, changes in the rate or method of taxation, the imposition of
additional restrictions on currency conversion and remittances abroad, and
foreign investment. Moreover, economic reforms and growth in the PRC have
been more successful in certain provinces in the PRC than in others, and the
continuation or increases of such disparities could affect the political or
social stability in the PRC.
Although we believe the
economic reform and the macroeconomic measures adopted by the Chinese government
have had a positive effect on the economic development in the PRC, the future
direction of these economic reforms is uncertain and the uncertainty may
decrease the attractiveness of our company as an investment, which may in turn
materially adversely affect the price at which our stock
trades.
Social Conditions in the PRC
could have a material adverse effect on our operations as the PRC government
continues to exert substantial influence over the manner in which we must
conduct our business activities.
The government of the PRC has
exercised and continues to exercise substantial control over virtually every
sector of the Chinese economy through regulation and state ownership. Our
ability to operate in the PRC may be adversely affected by changes in Chinese
laws and regulations, including those relating to taxation, import and export
tariffs, environmental regulations, land use rights, property and other
matters. We believe our operations in the PRC are in compliance with all
applicable legal and regulatory requirements. However, the central or
local governments may impose new, stricter regulations or interpretations of
existing regulations that would require additional expenditures and efforts on
our part to ensure our compliance with such regulations or
interpretations. Were the PRC government, or local municipalities, to
limit our ability to develop, produce, import or sell our products in the PRC,
or to finance and operate our business in the PRC, our business could be
adversely affected.
Recent regulatory reforms in
the PRC may limit our ability as a foreign investor to acquire additional
companies or businesses in the PRC, which could hinder our ability to expand in
the PRC and adversely affect our long-term
profitability.
Our long-term business plan
may include an acquisition strategy to increase the number or types of products
we offer, increase our manufacturing or production capabilities, strengthen our
sources of supply or broaden our geographic reach. Recent PRC regulations
relating to acquisitions of PRC companies by foreign entities may limit our
ability to acquire PRC companies and adversely affect the implementation of our
strategy as well as our business and prospects.
On August 8, 2006, the PRC
Ministry of Commerce, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration
Commission, the State Administration of Taxation, the State Administrationfor
Industry and Commerce, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the State
Administration of Foreign Exchange jointly promulgated a new rule entitled
“Provisions Regarding Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by
Foreign Investors”(the “M&A Rules”), which became effective on September 8,
2006, relating to acquisitions by foreign investors of businesses and entities
in the PRC. The M&A Rules provide the basic framework in the PRC for the
approval and registration of acquisitions of domestic enterprises in the PRC by
foreign investors.
The M&A Rules establish
additional procedures and requirements that could make some acquisitions of
Chinese companies by foreign investors more time-consuming and complex than in
the past. After the promulgation of the M&A Rules, the PRC government can
now exert more control over the acquisitions of Chinese companies, including
requirements in some instances that the Ministry of Commerce be notified in
advance of any change-of-control transaction in which a foreign investor takes
control of a Chinese domestic enterprise.
The M&A Rules stress the
necessity of protecting national economic security in the PRC in the context of
foreign acquisitions of domestic enterprises. Foreign investors must comply with
comprehensive reporting requirements in connection with acquisitions of domestic
companies in key industrial sectors that may affect the security of the
“national economy” or in connection with acquisitions of domestic companies
holding well-known trademarks or traditional brands in the PRC. Failure to
comply with such reporting requirements that cause, or may cause, significant
affect on national economic security may be terminated by the relevant
ministries or be subject to other measures as are deemed necessary to mitigate
any adverse effect.
Our business operations or
future strategy could be adversely affected by the M&A Rules. For example,
if we decide to acquire a PRC company, complying with the requirements of the
M&A Rules to complete such transactions could be time-consuming, and any
required approval processes, including obtaining approval from the Ministry of
Commerce, may delay or inhibit our ability to complete such transactions. This
may restrict our ability to implement our acquisition strategy and adversely
affect our business and prospects.
PRC regulations relating to
the establishment of offshore special purpose companies by PRC residents may
subject our PRC resident shareholders to personal liability and limit our PRC
subsidiaries’ ability to distribute profits to us, or otherwise materially and
adversely affect us.
The PRC State Administration
of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, issued a public notice in October 2005 named
Notice on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign Exchange Administration for PRC
Residents to Engage in Financing and Return Investments via Overseas Special
Purpose Vehicles, or the Circular 75, requiring PRC residents, including both
legal persons and natural persons, to register with an appropriate local SAFE
branch before establishing or controlling any company outside of China, referred
to as an “offshore special purpose company,” for the purpose of acquiring any
assets of or equity interest in PRC companies and raising fund from overseas.
When a PRC resident contributes the assets or equity interests it holds in a PRC
company into the offshore special purpose company, or engages in overseas
financing after contributing such assets or equity interests into the offshore
special purpose company, such PRC resident shall modify its SAFE registration in
light of its interest in the offshore special purpose company and any change
thereof. In addition, any PRC resident that is the shareholder of an offshore
special purpose company is required to amend its SAFE registration with the
local SAFE branch, with respect to that offshore special purpose company in
connection with any increase or decrease of capital, transfer of shares, merger,
division, equity investment or creation of any security interest over
any assets located in China. PRC residents who have established or acquired
direct or indirect control of offshore companies that have made onshore
investments in the PRC in the past are required to complete the registration
procedures by March 31, 2006. To further clarify the implementation of Circular
75, SAFE issued Circular 124 and Circular 106 on November 24, 2005 and May 29,
2007, respectively. Under Circular 106, PRC subsidiaries of an offshore special
purpose company are required to coordinate and supervise the filing in a timely
manner of SAFE registrations by the offshore holding company’s shareholders who
are PRC residents. If these shareholders fail to comply, the PRC subsidiaries
are required to report to the local SAFE authorities. If the PRC subsidiaries of
the offshore parent company do not report to the local SAFE authorities, they
may be prohibited from distributing their profits and proceeds from any
reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation to their offshore parent
company and the offshore parent company may be restricted in its ability to
contribute additional capital into its PRC subsidiaries. Moreover, failure to
comply with the above SAFE registration requirements could result in liabilities
under PRC laws for evasion of foreign exchange
restrictions.
We are committed to
complying, and to ensuring that our shareholders, who are PRC citizens or
residents, comply with the SAFE Circular 75 requirements. We believe that all of
our current PRC citizen or resident shareholders and beneficial owners have
completed their required registrations with SAFE. However, we may not at all
times be fully aware or informed of the identities of all our beneficial owners
who are PRC citizens or residents, and we may not always be able to compel our
beneficial owners to comply with the SAFE Circular 75 requirements. As a result,
we cannot assure you that all of our shareholders or beneficial owners who are
PRC citizens or residents will at all times comply with, or in the future make
or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by, SAFE Circular
75 or other related regulations. Failure by any such shareholders or beneficial
owners to comply with SAFE Circular 75 could subject us to fines or legal
sanctions, restrict our overseas or cross-border investment activities, limit
our PRC subsidiaries’ ability to make distributions or pay dividends or affect
our ownership structure, which could adversely affect our business and
prospects.
In addition, the PRC National
Development and Reform Commission, or the NDRC, promulgated a rule in October
2004, or the NDRC Rule, which requires NDRC approvals for overseas investment
projects made by PRC entities. The NDRC Rule also provides that approval
procedures for overseas investment projects of PRC individuals must be
implemented with reference to this NDRC Rule. However, there exist extensive
uncertainties as to interpretation of the NDRC Rule with respect to its
application to a PRC individual’s overseas investment and, in practice, we are
not aware of any precedents that a PRC individual’s overseas investment has been
approved by the NDRC or challenged by the NDRC based on the absence of NDRC
approval. Our current beneficial owners who are PRC individuals did not apply
for NDRC approval for investment in us. We cannot predict how and to what extent
this will affect our business operations or future strategy. For example, the
failure of our shareholders who are PRC individuals to comply with the NDRC Rule
may subject these persons or our PRC subsidiary to certain liabilities under PRC
laws, which could adversely affect our business.
Fluctuations in the value of
the RMB or further movements in exchange rates may have a material adverse
effect on our financial condition and results of
operations.
At present, all of our
domestic sales are denominated in RMB and our export sales are denominated
primarily in U.S. dollars. In addition, we incur a portion of our cost of sales
in Euros, U.S. dollars and Japanese yen in the course of our purchase of
imported production equipment and raw materials. The value of the RMB against
the U.S. dollar and other currencies is affected by, among other things, changes
in China’s political and economic conditions and China’s foreign exchange
policies. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of
pegging the value of the RMB to the U.S. dollar. However, the People’s Bank of
China regularly intervenes in the foreign exchange market to limit fluctuations
in RMB exchange rates and achieve policy goals. Following the removal of the
U.S. dollar peg, the RMB appreciated more than 20% against the U.S. dollar over
the following three years. While international reaction to the RMB revaluation
has generally been positive, there remains significant international pressure on
the PRC government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which could
result in further and more significant appreciation of the RMB against the U.S.
dollar and other foreign currencies. As we rely entirely on dividends paid to us
by our PRC subsidiaries, any significant revaluation of the RMB may have a
material adverse effect on our revenues and financial condition, and the value
of any dividends payable on our shares in foreign currency terms. Furthermore,
appreciation or depreciation in the value of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar
would affect our financial results reported in U.S. dollar terms without giving
effect to any underlying change in our business or results of
operations.
As very limited types of
hedging transactions are available in the PRC to reduce our exposure to exchange
rate fluctuations, we have not entered into any such hedging transactions.
Accordingly, we cannot predict the impact of future exchange rate fluctuations
on our results of operations and may incur net foreign exchange losses in
the future.
Governmental control of
currency conversion may affect the ability of our company to obtain working
capital from our subsidiaries located in the PRC and the value of your
investment.
The PRC government imposes
controls on the convertibility of RMB into foreign currencies and, in certain
cases, the remittance of currency out of the PRC. We receive substantially all
of our revenues in RMB, which currently is not a freely convertible currency.
Under our current structure, our income is primarily derived from the operations
of Henan Zhongpin. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may
restrict the ability of Henan Zhongpin to remit sufficient foreign currency to
pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy its foreign currency
denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations,
payments relating to “current account transactions”, including dividend
payments, interest payments and expenditures from trade-related transactions,
can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from the PRC State
Administration of Foreign Exchange by complying with certain procedural
requirements. However, approval from appropriate government authorities is
required in those cases in which RMB is to be converted into foreign currency
and remitted out of the PRC in connection with “capital account transactions”,
such as the repayment of loans denominated in foreign currencies. Our PRC
subsidiaries are able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to us without prior
approval from the SAFE, by complying with certain procedural requirements. Our
PRC subsidiaries may also retain foreign currency their respective current
account bank accounts for use in payment of international current account
transactions. However, we cannot assure you that the PRC government will not
take measures in the future to restrict access to foreign currencies for current
account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from
obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may
not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our
shareholders.
Our PRC subsidiaries are
subject to restrictions on making payments to us, which could adversely affect
our cash flow and our ability to pay dividends on our capital
stock.
We are a holding company
incorporated in the State of Delaware and do not have any assets or conduct any
business operations other than our investment in our operating subsidiaries in
the PRC. As a result of our holding company structure, we will rely entirely on
contractual payments or dividends from our PRC subsidiaries for our cash needs,
including the funds necessary to pay any dividends and other cash
distributions to our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to
pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends by entities established in
China is subject to limitations. Regulations in China currently permit payment
of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with
accounting standards and regulations in China. Each of our PRC subsidiaries,
including Henan Zhongpin, is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax
profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its general reserves or
statutory capital reserve fund until the aggregate amount of such reserves
reaches 50% of its respective registered capital. As a result, our PRC
subsidiaries are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net
assets to us in the form of dividends, loans or advances. We anticipate that in
the foreseeable future our PRC subsidiaries will need to continue to set aside
10% of their respective after-tax profits to their statutory reserves. Further,
as Henan Zhongpin has in the past, and Henan Zhongpin and our other
subsidiaries in the PRC may in the future, incur debt on its or their own, the
instruments governing such debt may restrict such subsidiary’s ability to make
contractual or dividend payments to any parent corporation or other affiliated
entity. If we are unable to receive all of the funds we require for our
operations through contractual or dividend arrangements with our PRC
subsidiaries, we may not have sufficient cash flow to fund our corporate
overhead and regulatory obligations in the United States and may be unable to
pay dividends on our shares of capital stock.
Uncertainties with respect to
the PRC legal system could adversely affect our ability to enforce our legal
rights.
We conduct our business
primarily through Henan Zhongpin, our subsidiary in the PRC. Our operations
in the PRC are governed by PRC laws and regulations. We are generally
subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investments in the PRC
and, in particular, laws applicable to wholly foreign-owned
enterprises. The PRC legal system is based on written statutes. Prior
court decisions may be cited for reference but have limited precedential
value.
Since 1979, PRC legislation
and regulations have significantly enhanced the protections afforded to various
forms of foreign investments in the PRC. However, the PRC has not developed
a fully-integrated legal system and recently-enacted laws and regulations may
not sufficiently cover all aspects of economic activities in the PRC. In
particular, because these laws and regulations are relatively new, and because
of the limited volume of published decisions and their nonbinding nature, the
interpretation and enforcement of these laws and regulations involve
uncertainties. In addition, the PRC legal system is based in part on
government policies and internal rules (some of which are not published on a
timely basis or at all) that may have a retroactive effect. As a result, we
may not be aware of our violation of these policies and rules until some time
after the violation. The uncertainties regarding such regulations and
policies present risks that may affect our ability to achieve our business
objectives. If we are unable to enforce any legal rights we may have under
our contracts or otherwise, our ability to compete with other companies in our
industry could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, any
litigation in the PRC may be protracted and result in substantial costs and
diversion of our resources and management
attention.
It may be difficult to effect
service of process upon us or our Directors or senior management who live in the
PRC or to enforce any judgments obtained from non-PRC
courts.
Our operations are conducted
and our assets are located within the PRC. In addition, all but one of our
directors and all of our senior management personnel reside in the PRC, where
substantially all of their assets are located. You may experience difficulties
in effecting service of process upon us, our directors or our senior
management as it may not be possible to effect such service of process outside
the PRC. In addition, the PRC does not have treaties with the United States
and many other countries providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of
court judgments. Therefore, recognition and enforcement in the PRC of judgments
of a court in the United States or certain other jurisdictions may be difficult
or impossible.
Recent changes in the PRC’s
labor law restricts our ability to reduce our workforce in the PRC in the event
of an economic downturn and may increase our production
costs.
In June 2007, the
National People’s Congress of the PRC enacted new labor law legislation called
the Labor Contract Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008. On
September 18, 2008, the PRC State Council issued the implementing rules for the
Labor Contract Law. The Labor Contract Law formalized workers’ rights concerning
overtime hours, pensions, layoffs, employment contracts and the role of trade
unions. Considered one of the strictest labor laws in the world, among other
things, the Labor Contract Law provides for specific standards and procedures
for the termination of an employment contract and places the burden of proof on
the employer. In addition, the law requires the payment of a statutory severance
pay upon the termination of an employment contract in most cases, including the
case of the expiration of a fixed-term employment contract. Further, the law
requires an employer to conclude an “employment contract without a fixed-term”
with any employee who either has worked for the same employer for 10 consecutive
years or more or has had two consecutive fixed-term contracts with the same
employer. An “employment contract without a fixed term” can no longer be
terminated on the ground of the expiration of the contract, although it can
still be terminated pursuant to the standards and procedures set forth under the
Labor Contract Law. Finally, under the Labor Contract Law, downsizing of
either more than 20 people or more than 10% of the workforce may occur only
under specified circumstances, such as a restructuring undertaken pursuant to
the PRC’s Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, or where a company suffers serious
difficulties in production and/or business operations, or where there has been a
material change in the objective economic circumstances relied upon by the
parties at the time of the conclusion of the employment contract, thereby making
the performance of such employment contract not possible. To date, there
has been very little guidance and precedents as to how such specified
circumstances for downsizing will be interpreted and enforced by the relevant
PRC authorities. All of our employees working for us exclusively within the PRC
are covered by the Labor Contract Law and thus, our ability to adjust the
size of our operations when necessary in periods of recession or less severe
economic downturns may be curtailed. Accordingly, if we face future periods of
decline in business activity generally or adverse economic periods specific to
our business, the Labor Contract Law can be expected to exacerbate the adverse
effect of the economic environment on our results of operations and financial
condition.
PRC regulation of loans and
direct investment by offshore holding companies to PRC entities may delay or
prevent us from using the proceeds we received from our public offerings to make
loans to our PRC subsidiaries or to make additional capital contributions to our
PRC subsidiaries, which could materially and adversely affect our liquidity and
our ability to fund and expand our business.
We are an offshore holding
company conducting our operations in China through our PRC subsidiaries. In
utilizing the proceeds we received from any offering, we plan to make loans to
our PRC subsidiaries, whether currently in existence or to be formed in the
future, or make additional capital contributions to our PRC
subsidiaries.
Any loans we make to our PRC
subsidiaries cannot exceed statutory limits and must be registered with the PRC
State Administration of Foreign Exchange, or SAFE, or its local counterparts.
Under applicable PRC law, the government authorities must approve a
foreign-invested enterprise’s registered capital amount, which represents the
total amount of capital contributions made by the shareholders that have
registered with the registration authorities. In addition, the authorities must
also approve the foreign-invested enterprise’s total investment, which is equal
to the company’s registered capital plus the amount of shareholder loans it is
permitted to borrow under the law. The ratio of registered capital to total
investment cannot be lower than the minimum statutory requirement. If we make
loans to Henan Zhongpin Food Co., Ltd., our first-tier PRC subsidiary, that do
not exceed its current maximum amount of borrowings, we will have to register
each loan with SAFE or its local counterpart for the issuance of a registration
certificate of foreign debts. In practice, it could be time-consuming to
complete such SAFE registration process. Alternatively or concurrently with the
loans, we might make capital contributions to Henan Zhongpin Food Co., Ltd. and
such capital contributions involve uncertainties of their own. Further, SAFE
promulgated a new circular (known as Circular 142) in August 2008 with
respect to the administration of conversion of foreign exchange capital
contributions of a foreign invested enterprise. The circular clarifies that RMB
converted from foreign exchange capital contributions can only be used for
the activities within the approved business scope of such foreign invested
enterprise and cannot be used for domestic equity investments unless otherwise
permitted.
We cannot assure you that we
will be able to complete the necessary government registrations or obtain the
necessary government approvals on a timely basis, if at all, with respect to
future loans by us to our PRC subsidiaries or with respect to future capital
contributions by us to our PRC subsidiaries. If we fail to complete such
registrations or obtain such approvals, our ability to use the proceeds we
receive from public offerings and to capitalize or otherwise fund our PRC
operations may be negatively affected, which could adversely and materially
affect our liquidity and our ability to fund and expand our
business.
We may be subject to fines
and legal sanctions by SAFE or other PRC government authorities if we or our
employees who are PRC citizens fail to comply with PRC regulations relating to
employee stock options granted by offshore listed companies to PRC
citizens.
On March 28, 2007, SAFE
promulgated the Operating Procedures for Foreign Exchange Administration of
Domestic Individuals Participating in Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock
Option Plans of Offshore Listed Companies, or Circular 78. Under Circular 78,
Chinese citizens who are granted share options by an offshore listed company are
required, through a Chinese agent or Chinese subsidiary of the offshore listed
company, to register with SAFE and complete certain other procedures, including
applications for foreign exchange purchase quotas and opening special bank
accounts. We and our Chinese employees who have been granted share options are
subject to Circular 78. Failure to comply with these regulations may subject us
or our Chinese employees to fines and legal sanctions imposed by SAFE or other
PRC government authorities and may prevent us from further granting options
under our share incentive plans to our employees. Such events could adversely
affect our business operations.
We may be classified as a
“resident enterprise” for PRC enterprise income tax purposes, which could result
in unfavorable tax consequences to us and our non-PRC
shareholders.
The new PRC Enterprise Income
Tax Law, or the New EIT Law, that became effective January 1, 2008 provides that
enterprises established outside of China whose “de facto management bodies” are
located in China are considered “resident enterprises” and are generally subject
to the uniform 25% enterprise income tax rate on their worldwide income. A
recent circular issued by the PRC State Administration of Taxation regarding the
standards used to classify certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by
Chinese enterprises or Chinese group enterprises and established outside of
China as “resident enterprises”clarified that dividends paid by such “resident
enterprises” and other income paid by such “resident enterprises”will be
considered to be PRC source income, subject to PRC withholding tax, currently at
a rate of 10%, when received or recognized by non-PRC resident enterprise
shareholders. This recent circular also subjects such “resident enterprises” to
various reporting requirements with the PRC tax authorities. Under the
implementation regulations to the New EIT Law, a “de facto management body” is
defined as a body that has material and overall management and control over the
manufacturing and business operations, personnel and human resources, finances
and assets of an enterprise. In addition, the recent circular mentioned above
specifies that certain Chinese-invested enterprises controlled by Chinese
enterprises or Chinese group enterprises will be classified as “resident
enterprises” if the following are located or resident in China: senior
management personnel and departments that are responsible for daily production,
operation and management; financial and personnel decision-making bodies; key
properties, accounting books, company seal, and minutes of board meetings and
shareholders’ meetings; and half or more of senior management or directors
having voting rights.
If the PRC tax authorities
determine that we are a “resident enterprise,” a number of unfavorable PRC tax
consequences could follow. First, we will be subject to income tax at the rate
of 25% on our worldwide income. Second, although under the New EIT Law and its
implementing rules, dividends paid to us from our PRC subsidiaries would qualify
as “tax-exempted income”, we cannot assure you that such dividends will not be
subject to a 10% withholding tax, as the PRC foreign exchange control
authorities, which enforce the withholding tax, have not yet issued guidance
with respect to the processing of outbound remittances to entities that are
treated as resident enterprises for PRC enterprise income tax purposes. Finally,
dividends payable by us to our investors and gain on the sale of our shares may
become subject to PRC withholding tax. This could have the effect of increasing
our effective income tax rate and could also have an adverse effect on our net
income and results of operations, and may require us to withhold tax on our
non-PRC shareholders.
The discontinuation of the
preferential tax treatments and government subsidies available to us could
decrease our net income and materially and adversely affect our financial
condition and results of operations.
Our PRC subsidiaries are
incorporated in the PRC and are governed by PRC income tax laws and regulations.
Prior to January 1, 2008, entities established in the PRC were generally subject
to a 30% national an 3% local enterprise income tax rate. Various preferential
tax treatments promulgated by national tax authorities were available to
foreign-invested enterprises. Under the Enterprise Income Tax Law effective on
January 1, 2008, the PRC has adopted a uniform enterprise income tax rate of 25%
for all PRC enterprises (including foreign-invested enterprises). Under the
Enterprise Income Tax Law, income derived by an enterprise from the primary
processing of agricultural products (including slaughtering live hogs) is exempt
from enterprise income tax. Consequently, 12 of our 17 subsidiaries in the
PRC that slaughter live hogs are exempted from enterprise income tax. For
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and nine-month period ended
September 30, 2010, the exempted income before income tax were $40.9 million,
$34.9 million, $30.8 million and $34.4 million, respectively, and the impact of
income tax resulting from the exemption of net income from preliminary
processing of agricultural products was $10.2 million, $8.7 million, $7.7
million and $8.6 million, respectively. Our other five subsidiaries in the PRC
are subject to the uniform 25% tax rate in relation to non-primary processing of
agricultural products. We cannot assure you that the tax authorities will
not change their position. We cannot assure you that our PRC subsidiaries will
continue to qualify for benefits under the Enterprise Income Tax Law, or that
the local tax authorities will not, in the future, change their position and
revoke any of our past preferential tax treatments, any of which could cause our
effective tax rate to increase, cause our net income to decrease, and materially
and adversely affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
In addition, the central and
local PRC government has provided us with various subsidies to encourage our
research and development activities, building new facilities using information
technology, building cold chain logistic and distribution networks, and for
other contributions to the local community, such as increasing employment
opportunities. Subsidies granted to us by PRC governmental authorities are
subject to review and may be adjusted or revoked at any time in the future. The
discontinuation or reduction of subsidies currently available to us may
materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of
operations.
Risk Relating to an
Investment in Our Securities
We have not paid any cash
dividends and no cash dividends will be paid in the foreseeable
future.
Henan Zhongpin, a deemed
predecessor to our company and our subsidiary in the PRC, paid cash dividends to
its stockholders in 2002 and 2003. However, we do not anticipate paying cash
dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future and we may not
have sufficient funds legally available to pay dividends. Even if the funds
are legally available for distribution, we may nevertheless decide not to pay,
or may be unable to pay, any dividends. We intend to retain all earnings for our
company’s operations.
The market price for our
common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations, which may
adversely affect the price at which you can sell our
shares.
The market price for our
common stock may be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to
factors including the following:
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actual or anticipated
fluctuations in our quarterly operations
results;
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changes in financial estimates by
securities research
analysts;
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conditions in foreign or domestic
meat processing or agricultural
markets;
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changes in the economic
performance or market valuations of other meat processing
companies;
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announcements by us or our
competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint
ventures or capital
commitments;
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addition or departure of key
personnel;
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fluctuations of exchange rates
between the RMB and the U.S.
dollar;
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intellectual property litigation;
and
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general economic or political
conditions in the PRC.
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In addition, the securities
market has from time to time experienced significant price and volume
fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular
companies. These market fluctuations may also materially and adversely
affect the market price of our stock.
Future sales of shares of our
common stock may decrease the price for such shares.
In 2007, our four
registration statements on Form S-1 were declared effective by the Securities
and Exchange Commission registering the resale from time to time in the open
market of an aggregate of 22,619,385 shares of our common stock, some of which
shares have since been sold. In addition, in 2009, our registration statement on
Form S-3 was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission
registering securities that may be offered by us from time to time with an
aggregate offering price of up to $80,000,000. In October 2009, we issued
4,600,000 shares of common stock pursuant to this registration statement on Form
S-3 for an aggregate purchase price of $60,950,000. Our board of directors has
the discretion to issue additional securities under this registration statement
on Form S-3. Actual sales of such shares, or the prospect of sales of such
shares by the holders of such shares, may have a negative effect on the
market price of the shares of our common stock. We may also register for
resale additional outstanding shares of our common stock or shares that are
issuable upon exercise of outstanding warrants or reserved for issuance under
our stock option plan. Once such shares are registered, they can be freely sold
in the public market. If any of our stockholders either individually or in the
aggregate cause a large number of securities to be sold in the public market, or
if the market perceives that these holders intend to sell a large number of
securities, such sales or anticipated sales could result in a substantial
reduction in the trading price of shares of our common stock and could also
impede our ability to raise future capital.
Unless otherwise specified in
the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the
sale of our securities offered by this prospectus for general corporate
purposes, including, without limitation, the construction of new processing and
cold chain logistics facilities as well as repayment of bank loans and
working capital needs. Pending the application of the net proceeds, we
expect to invest the proceeds in investment grade, interest bearing
securities.
The principal purposes of
this offering are to increase our operating and financial flexibility. As
of the date of this prospectus, we cannot specify with certainty all of the
particular uses for the net proceeds we will have upon completion of this
offering. Accordingly, our management will have broad discretion in the
application of net proceeds, if any. Unless otherwise set forth in a
prospectus supplement, we will not receive any proceeds in the event that the
securities are sold by the selling stockholders.
The following table sets
forth our ratio of earnings to fixed charges and our earnings to combined fixed
charges and preferred stock dividends, for each of the period
indicated.
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Nine months
ended
September 30,
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Year ended December 31,
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2010
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2009
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2008
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2007
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2006
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2005(1)
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Ratio
of earnings to fixed charges
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7.63
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7.89
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7.77
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7.81
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3.94
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4.48
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Ratio
of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock
dividends
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0.13
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0.13
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0.13
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0.13
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0.25
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0.22
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(1)
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Based
on historical financial data of our subsidiary, Henan Zhongpin Food Share
Co., Ltd., our deemed
predecessor.
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SELLING
STOCKHOLDERS
This prospectus also relates
to the possible resale of up to an aggregate of 9,562,505 shares of our
common stock that were issued and outstanding prior to the original date of
filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a
part. The selling stockholders received the following shares of common
stock of the Company in exchange for capital stock of Falcon Link Investment
Limited (“Falcon Link”), held by such selling stockholders, pursuant to a
reverse acquisition transaction that the Company completed on January 30, 2006
with Falcon Link.
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6,367,506
shares of our common stock owned
by Xianfu Zhu, our Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief
Executive Officer and
President;
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838,125 shares of our common
stock owned by Baoke Ben, our
Executive Vice President,
Secretary and Director;
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619,874 shares of our common
stock owned by Chaoyang Liu, our Vice President of
Operations;
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612,000
shares of our common stock owned
by Qinghe Wang, Director of our subsidiary Henan Zhongpin Food
Share Co., Ltd.;
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531,000 shares of our common
stock owned by Juanjuan Wang, Human Resources Director
and
Director of our
subsidiary Henan Zhongpin Food Share Co., Ltd.;
and
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594,000 shares of our common
stock owned by Shuichi Si, Director of our subsidiary Henan
Zhongpin Food Share Co.,
Ltd.
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Information about the selling
stockholders, where applicable, will be set forth in a prospectus supplement, in
a post-effective amendment, or in filings we make with the SEC under the
Exchange Act, which are incorporated by reference.
We or the selling
stockholders may sell the securities described in this prospectus from time to
time in one or more transactions
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to purchasers
directly;
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to underwriters for public
offering and sale by them;
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through a combination of any of
the foregoing methods of
sale.
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We or the selling
stockholders may also enter into derivative or hedging transactions with third
parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in
privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement
indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell
securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement,
including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use
securities pledged by us or borrowed from us or others to settle those sales or
to close out any related open borrowings of stock, and may use securities
received from us in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related
open borrowings of stock. The third party in such sale transactions will be
an underwriter and will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement or
in a post-effective amendment. We or the selling stockholders may also loan
or pledge securities covered by this prospectus and applicable prospectus
supplement to third parties, who may sell the loaned securities or, in an event
of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged securities pursuant to this
prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.
We or the selling
stockholders may distribute the securities from time to time in one or more
transactions at
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a fixed price or prices, which
may be changed;
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market
prices prevailing at the time of
sale;
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prices related to such prevailing
market prices; or
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We or the selling
stockholders may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or
others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities
Act, with respect to any resale of the securities. A prospectus supplement
will describe the terms of any sale of securities we or the selling stockholders
are offering hereunder.
The applicable prospectus
supplement will name any underwriter involved in a sale of
securities. Underwriters may offer and sell securities at a fixed price or
prices, which may be changed, or from time to time at market prices or at
negotiated prices. Underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation
from us or the selling stockholders from sales of securities in the form of
underwriting discounts or commissions and may also receive commissions from
purchasers of securities for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may
be involved in any of the market offering of equity securities by or on our
behalf or by or on the selling stockholders’ behalf.
Underwriters may sell
securities to or through dealers, and such dealers may receive compensation in
the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or
commissions (which may be changed from time to time) from the purchasers for
whom they may act as agent.
If underwriters are used in
the sale of any securities, the securities will be acquired by the underwriters
for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more
transactions described above. The securities may be either offered to the
public through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters, or
directly by underwriters. Unless otherwise provided in a prospectus
supplement, the obligations of any underwriters to purchase securities will be
subject to certain conditions precedent, and the underwriters will be obligated
to purchase all the securities if any are purchased.
Through Agents and
Dealers
We or the selling
stockholders will name any agent involved in a sale of securities, as well as
any commissions payable by us or the selling stockholders to such agent, in a
prospectus supplement. Unless we or the selling stockholders indicate
differently in the prospectus supplement, any such agent will be acting on a
reasonable efforts basis for the period of its appointment. We or the
selling stockholders may also sell the offered securities to one or more
remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own accounts or as agents for
us. These firms will remarket the offered securities upon purchasing them
in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to the terms of the
offered securities. A prospectus supplement will indentify any remarketing
firm and will describe the terms of its agreement, if any, with us or the
selling stockholders and its compensation.
If we or the selling
stockholders utilize a dealer in the sale of the securities being offered
pursuant to this prospectus, we or the selling stockholders will sell the
securities to the dealer, as principal. The dealer may then resell the
securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by the dealer at the
time of resale.
Delayed Delivery
Contracts
If we so specify in the
applicable prospectus supplement, we or the selling stockholders will authorize
underwriters, dealers and agents to solicit offers by certain institutions to
purchase the securities pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery
on future dates. Such contracts will be subject to only those conditions
set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement.
The underwriters, dealers and
agents will not be responsible for the validity or performance of the
contracts. We will set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the
contracts the price to be paid for the securities, the commissions payable for
solicitation of the contracts and the date in the future for delivery of the
securities.
Underwriters, dealers and
agents participating in a sale of the securities may be deemed to be
underwriters as defined in the Securities Act, and any discounts and commissions
received by them, and any profit realized by them on resale of the securities,
may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities
Act. We or the selling stockholders may have agreements with underwriters,
dealers and agents to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities,
including liabilities under the Securities Act, and to reimburse them for
certain expenses.
Shares of our common stock
are quoted on the Nasdaq Global Select Market. Unless otherwise specified
in the related prospectus supplement, all securities we offer, other than common
stock, will be new issues of securities with no established trading
market. Any underwriter may make a market in these securities, but will not
be obligated to do so and may discontinue any market making at any time without
notice. We may apply to list any series of preferred stock or warrants on
an exchange, but we are not obligated to do so. Therefore, there may not be
liquidity or a trading market for any series of
securities.
Underwriters, dealers or
agents who may become involved in the sale of our securities may be customers
of, engage in transactions with and perform other services for us in the
ordinary course of their business for which they receive
compensation.
We may grant underwriters who
participate in the distribution of securities an option to purchase additional
securities in connection with the distribution.
Any underwriter may engage in
overallotment transactions, stabilizing transactions, short-covering
transactions and penalty bids in accordance with Regulation M under the Exchange
Act. Overallotment transactions involve sales in excess of the offering
size, which create a short position. Stabilizing transactions permit bids
to purchase the underlying security so long as the stabilizing bids do not
exceed a specified maximum. Short covering transactions involve purchases
of the securities in the open market after the distribution is completed to
cover short positions. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a
selling concession from a dealer when the securities originally sold by the
dealer are purchased in a covering transaction to cover short
positions. Those activities may cause the price of the securities to be
higher than it would otherwise be. If commenced, the underwriters may
discontinue any of the activities at any time. We make no representation or
prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that such transactions
may have on the price of the securities.
Selling stockholders may also
sell the shares in accordance with Rule 144 under the Securities Act rather than
pursuant to this prospectus, regardless of whether the shares are covered by
this prospectus.
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL
STOCK
Set forth below is a
description of our capital stock. The following description of our capital
stock is a summary and is subject to and qualified by the applicable provisions
of our certificate of incorporation, our bylaws and the relevant provisions of
the laws of the State of Delaware. The particular terms of any offering of
our securities will be described in a prospectus supplement relating to such
offering. The prospectus supplement may provide that our capital stock will
be issuable upon the exercise of warrants to purchase our capital
stock.
Our authorized capital stock
consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, and
25,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.001 per share. As of
November 19, 2010, (i) 35,328,160 shares of common stock were issued and
outstanding, (ii) warrants to purchase 47,564 shares of common stock were issued
and outstanding, (iii) 7,500 unit purchase warrants were issued and outstanding,
each unit consisting of two shares of Series A convertible preferred stock and
warrant to purchase common stock, and (iv) options to purchase 1,003,000 shares
of common stock were issued and outstanding under our Amended and Restated 2006
Equity Incentive Plan, of which 536,667 options to purchase shares were then
exercisable.
As of November 19, 2010, none of our shares of Series
A convertible preferred stock were issued and
outstanding.
Voting,
Dividend and Other Rights
. Each outstanding share
of common stock entitles the holder to one vote on all matters presented to the
stockholders for a vote. Holders of shares of common stock have no
cumulative voting, preemptive, subscription or conversion rights. All
shares of common stock to be issued pursuant to this registration statement will
be duly authorized, fully paid and non-assessable. Our Board of Directors
determines if and when distributions may be paid out of legally available funds
to the holders. To date, we have not declared any dividends with respect to
our common stock. Our declaration of any cash dividends in the future will
depend on our Board of Directors’ determination as to whether, in light of our
earnings, financial position, cash requirements and other relevant factors
existing at the time, it appears advisable to do so. We do not anticipate
paying cash dividends on the common stock in the foreseeable
future.
Rights
Upon Liquidation
. Upon liquidation,
subject to the right of any holders of the preferred stock to receive
preferential distributions, each outstanding share of common stock may
participate pro rata in the assets remaining after payment of, or adequate
provision for, all our known debts and liabilities.
Majority
Voting
. The
holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of common stock constitute a
quorum at any meeting of the stockholders. A plurality of the votes cast at
a meeting of stockholders elects our directors. The common stock does not
have cumulative voting rights. Therefore, the holders of a majority of the
outstanding shares of common stock can elect all of our directors. In
general, a majority of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders must
authorize stockholder actions other than the election of directors.
Most amendments to our
certificate of incorporation require the vote of the holders of a majority of
all outstanding voting shares.
Authority
of Board
of
Directors to Create Series and Fix Rights
. Under our certificate
of incorporation, as amended, our Board of Directors can issue up to 25,000,000
shares of preferred stock from time to time in one or more series. The
Board of Directors is authorized to fix by resolution as to any series the
designation and number of shares of the series, the voting rights, the dividend
rights, the redemption price, the amount payable upon liquidation or
dissolution, the conversion rights, and any other designations, preferences or
special rights or restrictions as may be permitted by law. Unless the
nature of a particular transaction and the rules of law applicable thereto
require such approval, our Board of Directors has the authority to issue these
shares of preferred stock without stockholder approval.
Our
Board of Directors previously authorized the issuance of up to 7,631,250 shares
of Series A convertible preferred stock. We issued 6,900,000 shares of
Series A convertible preferred stock on January 30, 2006, all of which have been
converted into shares of common stock as of the date
hereof.
We may issue authorized
preferred stock in one or more series having the rights, privileges, and
limitations, including voting rights, conversion rights, liquidation
preferences, dividend rights and redemption rights, as may, from time to time,
be determined by the board of directors. Preferred stock may be issued in
the future in connection with acquisitions, financings, or other matters, as the
board of directors deems appropriate. In the event that we determine to
issue any shares of preferred stock, a certificate of designation containing the
rights, privileges and limitations of this series of preferred stock will be
filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The effect of
this preferred stock designation power is that our board of directors alone,
subject to Federal securities laws, applicable blue sky laws, and Delaware law,
may be able to authorize the issuance of preferred stock which could have the
effect of delaying, deferring, or preventing a change in control without further
action by our stockholders, and may adversely affect the voting and other
rights of the holders of our common stock.
Provisions of Delaware
Anti-Takeover Law
We are governed by the
Delaware General Corporation Law.
Section 203 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law
We are subject to the
provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In
general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from
engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a
three-year period following the time that this stockholder becomes an interested
stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
A “business combination” includes, among other things, a merger, asset or stock
sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested
stockholder. An “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with
affiliates and associates, owns, or did own within three years prior to the
determination of interested stockholder status, 15% or more of the corporation’s
voting stock. Under Section 203, a business combination between a
corporation and an interested stockholder is prohibited unless it satisfies one
of the following conditions:
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before the stockholder became
interested, the board of directors approved either the business
combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming
an interested stockholder;
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upon consummation of the
transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested
stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting
stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction
commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the voting stock
outstanding, shares owned by persons who are directors and also
officers, and employee stock plans, in some instances;
or
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at or after the time the
stockholder became interested, the business combination was approved by
the board of directors of the corporation and authorized at an annual or
special meeting of the stockholders by the affirmative vote of at least
two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the
interested stockholder.
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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT
SECURITIES
Any debt securities which we
offer by this prospectus will be issued under an indenture between us and a
trustee to be identified in the prospectus supplement. The terms of the
debt securities will include those stated in the indenture and those made part
of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended
(the “Trust Indenture Act”), as in effect on the date of the indenture. The
following description summarizes only the material provisions of the
indenture. Accordingly, you should read the form of indenture, a copy of
which has been filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this
prospectus forms a part, because it, and not this description, defines your
rights as holders of our debt securities. You should also read the
applicable prospectus supplement for additional information and the specific
terms of the debt securities.
We may, at our option, issue
debt securities in one or more series from time to time. “Debt securities”
may include senior debt, senior subordinated debt or subordinated debt. The
particular terms of the debt securities offered by any prospectus supplement,
and the extent, if any, to which such general provisions do not apply to the
debt securities will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to such
debt securities. The following summaries set forth certain general terms
and provisions of the indenture and the debt securities. The prospectus
supplement relating to a series of debt securities being offered will contain
the following terms, if applicable:
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the aggregate principal amount
and any limit on such
amount;
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the price at which such debt
securities will be issued;
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the date on which the debt
securities mature;
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the fixed or variable rate at
which the debt securities will bear interest, or the method by which such
rate shall be determined;
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the timing, place and manner of
making principal, interest and any premium payments on the debt
securities, and, if applicable, where such debt securities may be
surrendered for registration of transfer or
exchange;
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the date or dates, if any, after
which the debt securities may be converted or exchanged into or for shares
of our common stock or another company’s securities or properties or cash
and the terms of any such conversion or
exchange;
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any redemption or early repayment
provisions;
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any sinking fund or similar
provisions;
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the authorized
denominations;
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any applicable subordination
provisions;
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any guarantees of such securities
by our subsidiaries or
others;
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the currency in which we will pay
the principal, interest and any premium payments on such debt
securities;
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whether the amount of payments of
principal of (and premium, if any) or interest, if any, on the debt
securities may be determined with reference to an index, formula or other
method and the manner in which such amounts shall be
determined;
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the time period within which, the
manner in which and the terms and conditions upon which the purchaser of
the securities can select the payment
currency;
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the provisions, if any, granting
special rights to the holders of debt securities upon certain
events;
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any additions to or changes in
the events of default or covenants of Zhongpin with respect to the debt
securities and any change in the right of the trustee or the holders to
declare the principal, premium and interest with respect to such
securities to be due and
payable;
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whether and under what
circumstances we will pay any additional amounts on such debt securities
for any tax, assessment or governmental charge and, if so, whether we will
have the option to redeem such debt securities instead of paying such
amounts;
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the form (registered and/or
bearer securities), any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale or
delivery of bearer securities and the terms, if any, upon which bearer
securities may be exchanged for registered securities and vice
versa;
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the date of any bearer securities
or any global security, if other than the date of original issuance of the
first security of the series to be
issued;
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the person to whom and manner in
which any interest shall be
payable;
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whether such securities will be
issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global
securities;
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the identity of the depositary
for global securities;
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whether a temporary security is
to be issued with respect to such series and whether any interest payable
prior to the issuance of definitive securities of the series will be
credited to the account of the persons entitled
thereto;
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the terms upon which beneficial
interests in a temporary global security may be exchanged in whole or in
part for beneficial interests in a definitive global security or for
individual definitive securities and the terms upon which such exchanges
may be made;
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the securities exchange(s), if
any, on which the securities will be
listed;
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whether any underwriter(s) will
act as market maker(s) for the
securities;
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the form (certificated or
book-entry);
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the form and/or terms of
certificates, documents or conditions which may be necessary, if any, for
the debt securities to be issuable in final form;
and
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additional terms not inconsistent
with the provisions of the
indenture.
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One or more series of debt
securities may be sold at a substantial discount below their stated principal
amount bearing no interest or interest at a rate below the market rate at the
time of issuance. One or more series of debt securities may be variable
rate debt securities that may be exchanged for fixed rate debt
securities. In such cases, all material United States federal income tax
and other considerations applicable to any such series will be described in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
We will comply with Section
14(e) under the Exchange Act, to the extent applicable, and any other tender
offer rules under the Exchange Act, which may then be applicable, in connection
with any obligation we may have to purchase debt securities at the option of the
holders thereof. Any such obligation applicable to a series of debt
securities will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Exchange, Registration,
Transfer and Payment
We expect payment of
principal, premium, if any, and any interest on the debt securities to be
payable, and the exchange and the transfer of debt securities will be
registrable, at the office of the trustee or at any other office or agency we
maintain for such purpose. We expect to issue debt securities in
denominations of U.S. $1,000 or integral multiples thereof. No service
charge will be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of the debt
securities, but we may require a payment to cover any tax or other governmental
charges payable in connection therewith.
Unless we indicate otherwise
in the applicable prospectus supplement, the following provisions will apply to
all debt securities.
The debt securities of a
series may be issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more global
securities that will be deposited with a depositary that we will identify in a
prospectus supplement. Each global security will be deposited with the
depositary and will bear a legend regarding any related restrictions or other
matters as may be provided for pursuant to the applicable
indenture.
Unless a prospectus
supplement states otherwise, no global security may be transferred to, or
registered or exchanged for debt securities registered in the name of, any
person or entity other than the depositary, unless:
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the depositary has notified us
that it is unwilling or unable or is no longer qualified to continue as
depositary;
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we order the trustee that such
global security shall be so transferable, registrable and exchangeable,
and such transfers shall be registrable;
or
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other circumstances, if any, as
may be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
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All debt securities issued in
exchange for a global security or any portion thereof will be registered in such
names as the depositary may direct. The specific terms of the depositary
arrangement with respect to any portion of a series of debt securities to be
represented by a global security will be described in the applicable prospectus
supplement.
Debt securities which are to
be represented by a global security to be deposited with or on behalf of a
depositary will be represented by a global security registered in the name of
such depositary or its nominee. Upon the issuance of such global security,
and the deposit of such global security with the depositary, the depositary will
credit, on its book-entry registration and transfer system, the respective
principal amounts of the debt securities represented by such global security to
the accounts of institutions that have accounts with such depositary or its
nominee (the “Participants”). The accounts to be credited will be
designated by the underwriters or agents of such debt securities or by us, if
such debt securities are offered and sold directly by
us.
Ownership of beneficial
interests in such global security will be limited to Participants or persons
that may hold interests through Participants. Ownership of beneficial
interests in such global security will be shown on, and the transfer of that
ownership interest will be effected only through, records maintained by the
depositary or its nominee for such global security or by Participants or persons
that hold through Participants.
The laws of some
jurisdictions require that certain purchasers of securities take physical
delivery of such securities in certificated form. The foregoing limitations
and such laws may impair the ability to transfer beneficial interests in such
global securities.
So long as the depositary, or
its nominee, is the registered owner of such global security, such depositary or
such nominee, as the case may be, will be considered the sole owner or holder of
the debt securities represented by such global security for all purposes under
the indenture. Payment of principal of, and premium and interest, if any,
on debt securities will be made to the depositary or its nominee as the
registered owner or bearer as the case may be of the global security
representing such debt securities. Each person owning a beneficial interest
in such global security must rely on the procedures of the depositary and, if
such person is not a Participant, on the procedures of the Participant through
which such person owns its interest, to exercise any rights of a holder under
the indenture. If we request any action of holders or if an owner of a
beneficial interest in such global security desires to give any notice or take
any action a holder is entitled to give or take under the indenture, the
depositary will authorize the Participants to give such notice or take such
action, and Participants would authorize beneficial owners owning through
such Participants to give such notice or take such action or would otherwise act
upon the instructions of beneficial owners owning through
them.
The rights of any holder of a
debt security to receive payment of principal and premium of, if any, and
interest on such debt security, on or after the respective due dates expressed
or provided for in such debt security, or to institute suit for the enforcement
of any such payment on or after such respective dates, shall not be impaired
or affected without the consent of the
holders.
Neither we, the trustee, any
paying agent nor the security registrar for such debt securities will have any
responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or
payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of the global
security for such debt securities or for maintaining, supervising or receiving
any records relating to such beneficial ownership
interests.
We expect that the depositary
or its nominee, upon receipt of any payment of principal, premium or interest,
will credit immediately Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts
proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in the principal amount
of the global security for such debt securities as shown on the records of such
depositary or its nominee. We also expect that payments by Participants to
owners of beneficial interests in such global security held through such
Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices,
as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer
form or registered in “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such
Participants.
If the depositary for a
global security representing debt securities of a particular series is at any
time unwilling or unable to continue as depositary and we do not appoint a
successor depositary within 90 days, we will issue debt securities of such
series in definitive form in exchange for such global security. In
addition, we may at any time and in our sole discretion determine not to have
the debt securities of a particular series represented by one or more global
securities and, in such event, will issue debt securities of such series in
definitive form in exchange for all of the global securities representing debt
securities of such series.
Except as permitted under
“Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets,” the indenture will require us to do
or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and
effect our existence, rights (declaration and statutory) and
franchises; provided , however , that we shall not be required to
preserve any right or franchise if we determine that the preservation thereof is
no longer desirable in the conduct of our business and that the loss thereof is
not disadvantageous in any material respect to the holders of the debt
securities.
The indenture will require us
to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the same shall
become delinquent, all taxes, assessments and governmental charges levied or
imposed upon us except any tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount or
applicability is being contested in good faith.
Reference is made to the
indenture and applicable prospectus supplement for information with respect to
any additional covenants specific to a particular series of debt
securities.
Consolidation, Merger and
Sale of Assets
Except as set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement, the indenture will provide that we shall not
consolidate with, or sell, assign, transfer, lease or convey all or
substantially all of our assets, or merge into, to any person
unless:
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we are the surviving entity or,
in the event that we are not the surviving entity, the entity formed by
the transaction (in a consolidation) or the entity which received the
transfer of assets is a corporation organized under the laws of any state
of the United States or the District of
Columbia;
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such entity assumes all of our
obligations under the debt securities and the indenture;
and
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immediately after giving effect
to the transaction, no event of default, as defined in the indenture,
shall have occurred and be
continuing.
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Notwithstanding the
foregoing, we may merge with another person or acquire by purchase or otherwise
all or any part of the property or assets of any other corporation or person in
a transaction in which we are the surviving entity.
Unless otherwise specified in
the applicable prospectus supplement, the following are events of default with
respect to any series of debt securities issued under the
indenture:
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failure to pay principal of any
debt security of that series when due and payable at maturity, upon
acceleration, redemption or
otherwise;
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failure to pay any interest on
any debt security of that series when due, and the default continues for
30 days;
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failure to comply with any
covenant or warranty contained in the indenture, other than covenants or
warranties contained in the indenture solely for the benefit of other
series of debt securities, and the default continues for 30 days after
notice from the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount
of the then outstanding debt securities of that
series;
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certain events of bankruptcy,
insolvency or reorganization;
and
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any other event of default
provided with respect to that particular series of debt
securities.
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If an event of default occurs
and continues, then upon written notice to us the trustee or the holders of at
least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series
may declare the unpaid principal amount of, and any accrued and unpaid interest
on, all debt securities of that series to be due and payable
immediately. However, at any time after a declaration of acceleration with
respect to debt securities of any series has been made, the holders of a
majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series
may rescind and annul such acceleration:
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if all events of default other
than the nonpayment of principal of or interest on the debt securities of
that series which have become due solely because of the acceleration have
been waived or cured; and
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the rescission would not conflict
with any judgment or decree of a court of competent jurisdiction. For
information as to waiver of defaults, see “Amendment, Supplement and
Waiver” below.
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The indenture will provide
that, subject to the duty of the trustee during an event of default to act with
the required standard of care, the trustee will be under no obligation to
exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the request or
direction of any of the holders, unless such holders shall have offered to the
trustee reasonable security or indemnity. Subject to certain provisions,
including those requiring security or indemnification of the trustee, the
holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of
any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of
conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising
any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt
securities of that series.
We will be required to
furnish to the trustee under the indenture annually a statement as to the
performance by us of our obligations under that indenture and as to any default
in such performance.
Discharge of Indenture and
Defeasance
Except as otherwise set forth
in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may terminate our obligations under
the debt securities of any series, and the corresponding obligations under the
indenture when:
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we have paid or deposited with
the trustee funds or United States government obligations in an amount
sufficient to pay at maturity all outstanding debt securities of such
series, including interest other than destroyed, lost or stolen debt
securities of such series which have not been replaced or
paid;
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all outstanding debt securities
of such series have been delivered (other than destroyed, lost or stolen
debt securities of such series which have not been replaced or paid) to
the trustee for cancellation;
or
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all outstanding debt securities
of any series have become due and payable;
and
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we have paid all other sums
payable under the
indenture.
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In addition, we may terminate
substantially all our obligations under the debt securities of any series and
the corresponding obligations under the indenture if:
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we
have paid or deposited with the trustee, in trust an amount of cash or
United States government obligations sufficient to pay all outstanding
principal of and interest on the then outstanding debt securities of such
series at maturity or upon their redemption, as the case may
be;
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such
deposit will not result in a breach of, or constitute a default under, the
indenture;
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no
default or event of default shall have occurred and continue on the date
of deposit and no event of default as a result of a bankruptcy or event
which with the giving of notice or the lapse of time would become a
bankruptcy event of default shall have occurred and be continuing on the
91st day after such date;
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we deliver to the trustee a legal
opinion that we have received from, or there has been published by, the
United States Internal Revenue Service a ruling, or there has been a
change in tax law, in either case to the effect that the holders of the
debt securities of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for
Federal income tax purposes as a result of our exercise of such option and
shall be subject to Federal income tax on the same amounts and in the same
manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such
option had not been exercised;
and
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certain other conditions are
met.
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We shall be released from our
obligations with respect to the covenants to deliver reports required to be
filed with the SEC and an annual compliance certificate, and to make timely
payments of taxes (including covenants described in a prospectus supplement) and
any event of default occurring because of a default with respect to such
covenants as they related to any series of debt securities
if:
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we deposit or cause to be
deposited with the trustee in trust an amount of cash or United States
government obligations sufficient to pay and discharge when due the entire
unpaid principal of and interest on all outstanding debt securities of any
series;
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such deposit will not result in a
breach of, or constitute a default under, the
indenture;
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no default or event of default
shall have occurred and be continuing on the date of deposit and no event
of default as a result of a bankruptcy or event which with the giving of
notice or the lapse of time would become a bankruptcy event of default
shall have occurred and be continuing on the 91st day after such
date;
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we deliver to the trustee a legal
opinion that the holders of the debt securities of such series will not
recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes as a result
of our exercise of such option and shall be subject to Federal income tax
on the same amounts and in the same manner and at the same times as would
have been the case if such option had not been exercised;
and
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certain other conditions are
met.
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Upon satisfaction of such
conditions, our obligations under the indenture with respect to the debt
securities of such series, other than with respect to the covenants and events
of default referred to above, shall remain in full force and
effect.
Notwithstanding the
foregoing, no discharge or defeasance described above shall affect the following
obligations to or rights of the holders of any series of debt
securities:
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rights of registration of
transfer and exchange of debt securities of such
series;
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rights of substitution of
mutilated, defaced, destroyed, lost or stolen debt securities of such
series;
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rights of holders of debt
securities of such series to receive payments of principal thereof and
premium, if any, and interest thereon when
due;
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rights, obligations, duties and
immunities of the
trustee;
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rights of holders of debt
securities of such series as beneficiaries with respect to property
deposited with the trustee and payable to all or any of them;
and
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our obligations to maintain an
office or agency in respect of the debt securities of such
series.
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A holder of debt securities
may transfer or exchange such debt securities in accordance with the
indenture. The registrar for the debt securities may require a holder,
among other things, to furnish appropriate endorsements and transfer documents,
and to pay any taxes and fees required by law or permitted by the
indenture. The registrar is not required to transfer or exchange any debt
security selected for redemption or any debt security for a period of 15 days
before a selection of debt security to be redeemed.
The registered holder of a
debt security may be treated as the owner of such security for all
purposes.
Amendment, Supplement and
Waiver
Subject to certain
exceptions, the terms of the indenture or the debt securities may be amended or
supplemented by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at
least a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each
series affected by the amendment with each series voting as a separate
class. Without the consent of any holder of the debt securities, we and the
trustee may amend the terms of the indenture or the debt securities
to:
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cure
any ambiguity, defect or
inconsistency;
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provide
for the assumption of our obligations to holders of the debt securities by
a successor corporation;
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provide
for uncertificated debt securities in addition to certificated debt
securities;
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make
any change that does not adversely affect the rights of any holder of the
debt securities in any material
respect;
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add
to, change or eliminate any other provisions of the indenture in respect
of one or more series of debt securities if such change would not (i)
apply to any security of any series created prior to the execution of a
supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision and
(ii) modify the rights of the holder of any such security with respect to
such provision or become effective only when there is no outstanding
security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental
indenture and entitled to such
benefits;
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establish
any additional series of debt securities;
or
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comply
with any requirement of the SEC in connection with the qualification of
the indenture under the Trust Indenture
Act.
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However, holders of each
series of debt securities affected by a modification must consent to
modifications that have the following effect:
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reduce
the principal amount of debt securities the holders of which must consent
to an amendment, supplement or waiver of any provision of the
indenture;
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reduce
the rate or change the time for payment of interest on any debt
security;
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reduce
the principal of or change the fixed maturity of any debt
securities;
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change
the date on which any debt security may be subject to redemption or
repurchase, or reduce the redemption or repurchase price
therefor;
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make
any debt security payable in currency other than that stated in the debt
security;
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waive
any existing default or event of default and the consequences with respect
to that series;
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modify
the right of any holder to receive payment of principal or interest on any
debt security on or after the respective due dates expressed or provided
for in the debt security;
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impair
the right of any holder to institute suit for the enforcement of any
payment in or with respect to any such debt security;
or
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make
any change in the foregoing amendment provisions which require each
holder’s consent.
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Any existing default may be
waived with the consent of the holders of at least a majority in principal
amount of the then outstanding debt securities of the series affected
thereby.
The consent of the holders of
debt securities is not necessary to approve the particular form of any proposed
amendment to any indenture. It is sufficient if any consent approves the
substance of the proposed amendment.
Any mutilated certificate
representing a debt security or a certificate representing a debt security with
a mutilated coupon will be replaced by us at the expense of the holder upon
surrender of such certificate to the trustee. Certificates representing
debt securities or coupons that become destroyed, stolen or lost will be
replaced by us at the expense of the holder upon delivery to us and the trustee
of evidence of any destruction, loss or theft satisfactory to us and the
trustee, provided that neither we nor the trustee has been notified that such
certificate or coupon has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser. In the
case of any coupon which becomes destroyed, stolen or lost, such coupon will be
replaced by issuance of a new certificate representing the debt security in
exchange for the certificate representing the debt security to which such coupon
appertains. In the case of a destroyed, lost or stolen certificate
representing the debt security or coupon, an indemnity bond satisfactory to the
trustee and us may be required at the expense of the holder of such debt
security before a replacement certificate will be
issued.
We will identify in the
prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities the trustee with
respect to such series. The indenture and provisions of the Trust Indenture
Act incorporated by reference therein contain certain limitations on the rights
of the trustee, should it become a creditor of our company, to obtain payment of
claims in certain cases, or to realize on certain property received in respect
of any such claim, as security or otherwise. The trustee and its affiliates
may engage in, and will be permitted to continue to engage in, other
transactions with us and our affiliates; provided , however , that if
it acquires any conflicting interest, as defined in the Trust Indenture Act, it
must eliminate such conflict or resign.
The holders of a majority in
principal amount of the then outstanding debt securities of any series will have
the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for
exercising any remedy available to the trustee. The Trust Indenture Act and
the indenture provide that in case an event of default shall occur, and be
continuing, the trustee will be required, in the exercise of its rights and
powers, to use the degree of care and skill of a prudent man in the conduct of
his own affairs. Subject to such provision, the trustee will be under no
obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under the indenture at the
request of any of the holders of the debt securities issued thereunder, unless
they have offered to the trustee indemnity satisfactory to
it.
The following description of
our warrants for the purchase of our common stock and/or preferred stock in this
prospectus contains the general terms and provisions of the warrants. The
particular terms of any offering of warrants will be described in a prospectus
supplement relating to such offering. The statements below describing the
warrants are subject to and qualified by the applicable provisions of our
certificate of incorporation, bylaws and the relevant provisions of the laws of
the State of Delaware.
We may issue warrants for the
purchase of our common stock and/or preferred stock. We may issue warrants
independently or together with any of our securities, and warrants also may be
attached to our securities or independent of them. We may issue series of
warrants under a separate warrant agreement between us and a specified warrant
agent described in the prospectus supplement. The warrant agent will act
solely as our agent in connection with the warrants and will not assume any
obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders or
beneficial owners of warrants.
As of November 19, 2010, the
only warrants issued and outstanding consisted of warrants to purchase 47,564
shares of our common stock.
A prospectus supplement will
describe the specific terms of any warrants that we issue or offer,
including:
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the
title of the warrants;
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the
aggregate number of warrants;
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the
price or prices at which the warrants will be
issued;
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the
currencies in which the price or prices of the warrants may be
payable;
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the
designation, amount and terms of our capital stock purchasable upon
exercise of the warrants;
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the
designation and terms of our other securities, if any, that may be issued
in connection with the warrants, and the number of warrants issued with
each corresponding security;
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if
applicable, the date that the warrants and the securities purchasable upon
exercise of the warrants will be separately
transferable;
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the
prices and currencies for which the securities purchasable upon exercise
of the warrants may be purchased;
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the
date that the warrants may first be
exercised;
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the
date that the warrants expire;
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the
minimum or maximum amount of warrants that may be exercised at any one
time;
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information
with respect to book-entry procedures, if
any;
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a
discussion of certain federal income tax
considerations; and
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any
other material terms of the warrants, including terms, procedures and
limitations relating to the exchange and exercise of the
warrants.
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Each warrant will entitle the
holder to purchase for cash the shares of preferred stock or common stock at the
applicable exercise price set forth in, or determined as described in, the
applicable prospectus supplement. Warrants may be exercised at any time up to
the close of business on the expiration date set forth in the applicable
prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date,
unexercised warrants will become void.
Warrants may be exercised by
delivering to the corporation trust office of the warrant agent or any other
officer indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement (a) the warrant
certificate properly completed and duly executed and (b) payment of the
amount due upon exercise. As soon as practicable following exercise, we will
forward the shares of preferred stock or common stock purchasable upon exercise.
If less than all of the warrants represented by a warrant certificate are
exercised, a new warrant certificate will be issued for the remaining
warrants.
We may issue rights to
purchase our common stock or preferred stock, in one or more series. Rights may
be issued independently or together with any other offered security and may or
may not be transferable by the person purchasing or receiving the subscription
rights. In connection with any rights offering to our stockholders, we may
enter into a standby underwriting arrangement with one or more underwriters
pursuant to which such underwriters will purchase any offered securities
remaining unsubscribed after such rights offering. In connection with a rights
offering to our stockholders, we will distribute certificates evidencing the
rights and a prospectus supplement to our stockholders on the record date
that we set for receiving rights in such rights offering. The applicable
prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will describe the following
terms of rights in respect of which this prospectus is being
delivered:
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the
title of such rights;
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the
securities for which such rights are
exercisable;
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the
exercise price for such rights;
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the
date of determining the security holders entitled to the rights
distribution;
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the
number of such rights issued to each security
holder;
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the
extent to which such rights are
transferable;
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if
applicable, a discussion of the material United States federal income tax
considerations applicable to the issuance or exercise of such
rights;
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the
date on which the right to exercise such rights shall commence, and the
date on which such rights shall expire (subject to any
extension);
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the
conditions to completion of the rights
offering;
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any
provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number
of securities issuable upon exercise of the
rights;
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the
extent to which such rights include an over-subscription privilege with
respect to unsubscribed securities;
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if
applicable, the material terms of any standby underwriting or other
purchase arrangement that we may enter into in connection with the rights
offering; and
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any
other terms of such rights, including terms, procedures and limitations
relating to the exchange and exercise of such
rights.
|
Each right will entitle the
holder thereof the right to purchase for cash such amount of shares of common
stock or preferred stock, or any combination thereof, at such exercise price as
shall in each case be set forth in, or be determinable as set forth in, the
prospectus supplement relating to the rights offered thereby. Rights may be
exercised at any time up to the close of business on the expiration date for
such rights set forth in the prospectus supplement. After the close of business
on the expiration date, all unexercised rights will become void. Rights may
be exercised as set forth in the prospectus supplement relating to the rights
offered thereby. Upon receipt of payment and the proper completion and due
execution of the rights certificate at the corporate trust office of the rights
agent or any other office indicated in the prospectus supplement, we will
forward, as soon as practicable, the shares of common stock and/or preferred
stock purchasable upon such exercise. We may determine to offer any unsubscribed
offered securities directly to persons other than stockholders, to or through
agents, underwriters or dealers or through a combination of such methods,
including pursuant to standby underwriting arrangements, as set forth in the
applicable prospectus supplement.
The following description,
together with the additional information we may include in any applicable
prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the
units that we may offer under this prospectus. While the terms we have
summarized below will apply generally to any units that we may offer under this
prospectus, we will describe the particular terms of any series of units in more
detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. The terms of any units offered
under a prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below.
However, no prospectus supplement will fundamentally change the terms that are
set forth in this prospectus or offer a security that is not registered and
described in this prospectus at the time of its effectiveness.
We will file as exhibits to
the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, or will
incorporate by reference from a current report on Form 8-K that we may file
with the SEC, the form of unit agreement that describes the terms of the series
of units we are offering, and any supplemental agreements, before the issuance
of the related series of units. The following summaries of material terms and
provisions of the units are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by
reference to, all the provisions of the unit agreement and any supplemental
agreements applicable to a particular series of units. We urge you to read the
applicable prospectus supplements related to the particular series of units that
we sell under this prospectus, as well as the complete unit agreement and
any supplemental agreements that contain the terms of the units.
We may issue units comprised of one or more debt securities,
shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock and warrants in any
combination. Each unit will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the
holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will
have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit
agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included
in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any
time before a specified date.
We will describe in the
applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of units,
including:
|
•
|
the designation and terms of the
units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and
under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred
separately;
|
|
•
|
any provisions of the governing
unit agreement that differ from those described below;
and
|
|
•
|
any provisions for the issuance,
payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the
securities comprising the
units.
|
The provisions described in this section, as well as those
described under "Description of Capital Stock," "Description of Debt
Securities," "Description of Warrants," and "Description of Rights" will apply
to each unit and to any common stock, preferred stock, debt security, warrant or
right included in each unit, respectively.
We may issue units in such
amounts and in numerous distinct series as we
determine.
Enforceability of Rights by
Holders of Units
Each unit agent will act solely as our agent under the applicable
unit agreement and will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or
trust with any holder of any unit. A single bank or trust company may act as
unit agent for more than one series of units. A unit agent will have no duty or
responsibility in case of any default by us under the applicable
unit agreement or unit, including any duty or responsibility to initiate
any proceedings at law or otherwise, or to make any demand upon us. Any holder
of a unit may, without the consent of the related unit agent or the holder of
any other unit, enforce by appropriate legal action its rights as holder under
any security included in the unit.
Zhongpin, the unit agent and any of their agents may treat the
registered holder of any unit certificate as an absolute owner of the units
evidenced by that certificate for any purposes and as the person entitled to
exercise the rights attaching to the units so requested, despite any notice to
the contrary.
The validity of the issuance
of the securities offered by this prospectus will be passed upon for us by
O’Melveny & Myers LLP.
The consolidated financial
statements of our company for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 and
management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2009 have been incorporated by reference herein
from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 (“2009
Form 10-K”) and have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of BDO
China Li Xin Da Hua CPA Co., Ltd., an independent registered public
accounting firm, incorporated by reference elsewhere herein and given upon the
authority of such firm as an expert in auditing and
accounting.
The consolidated financial
statements of our company for the year ended December 31, 2007, have been
incorporated by reference herein from our 2009 Form 10-K and have been so
incorporated in reliance upon the reports of Child, Van Wagoner & Bradshaw,
PLLC, an independent registered public accounting firm, incorporated by
reference elsewhere herein and given upon the authority of such firm as an
expert in auditing and accounting.
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN
THE PROSPECTUS
Item 14.
Other
Expenses Of Issuance And Distribution
The expenses in connection
with the registration of the securities offered hereby are estimated as
follows:
Securities
and Exchange Commission registration fee
|
|
$
|
29,968.60
|
(1)
|
Cost
of printing and duplicating
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Accounting
fees and expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Legal
fees and expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Transfer
agent fees and expenses
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Miscellaneous
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
Total
|
|
|
|
(2)
|
(1)
|
The Registrant has applied a
credit for unused filing fees of $1,062.99 to cover a portion of the
filing fee due in connection with this registration
statement.
|
(2)
|
These fees are calculated based
on the securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly
cannot be estimated at this
time.
|
Item 15.
Indemnification
of Directors and Officers
Section 145 of the
Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) provides that a corporation may
indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and individuals
against expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid
in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with
any threatened, pending or completed actions, suits or proceedings in which such
person is made a party by reason of such person being or having been a director,
officer, employee or agent of the corporation. Section 145 of the
DGCL also provides that expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by a
director or officer in defending an action may be paid by a corporation in
advance of the final disposition of an action if the director or officer
undertakes to repay the advanced amounts if it is determined such person is not
entitled to be indemnified by the corporation. The DGCL provides that
Section 145 is not exclusive of other rights to which those seeking
indemnification may be entitled under any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders
or disinterested directors or otherwise. Article Tenth of our Certificate
of Incorporation and Article 6 of our By-Laws state that we shall provide the
indemnification set forth above.
Section 102(b)(7) of the
DGCL permits a corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a
director of the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or
its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a
director, except for liability (i) for any breach of the director’s duty of
loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions
not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation
of law, (iii) for unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock
repurchases, redemptions or other distributions, or (iv) for any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.
Such a provision, which also eliminates directors’ personal liability to the
full extent permitted under the DGCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be
amended, is included as Article Sixth of our Certificate of
Incorporation.
At present, we are not aware
of any pending or threatened litigation or proceeding involving any of our
directors, officer, employees or agents in which indemnification would be
required or permitted. We believe provisions in our certificate of incorporation
are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and
officers.
We also maintain a general
liability insurance policy which covers certain liabilities of directors and
officers of our company arising out of claims based on acts or omissions in
their capacities as directors or officers.
In any underwriting agreement
we enter into in connection with the sale of common stock being registered
hereby, the underwriters will agree to indemnify, under certain conditions, us,
our directors, our officers and persons who control us within the meaning of the
Securities Act, against certain liabilities.
Insofar as indemnification
for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors,
officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing
provisions, the registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the
Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy
as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore
unenforceable.
1.1
|
|
Form
of Underwriting Agreement. (1)
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Certificate
of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed February 4, 2003 with the
Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on January 22, 2004, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Certificate
of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Zhongpin
Inc (filed January 30, 2006 with the Delaware Secretary of
State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on
Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 2,
2006, and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
Amendment
to Certificate of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed February 16,
2006 with the Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
Amendment
to the Certificate of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed March 20, 2007
with the Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2007,
and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
Amended
and Restated Bylaws of Zhongpin Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current
Report on Form 8-K, filed September 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Certificate (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to our Form SB-2 filed
January 22, 2004, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Form
of Preferred Stock Certificate. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Form
of Indenture. (3)
|
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Form
of Debt Security. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Form
of Warrant Agreement, including form of Warrant Certificate.
(1)
|
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Form
of Unit Agreement. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Amended
and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our
Registration Statement on Form S-8 Registration No. 333-156007) filed on
December 8, 2008.
|
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, issued in December 2006, (filed as
Exhibit 10.29 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1/A, filed December
22, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (filed as Exhibit 10.18 to our Current
Report on Form 8-K, February 2, 2006, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
Form
of Placement Agent Warrant (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on
Form 8-K, filed October 2, 2007, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.11
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, issued October 2007 (filed as Exhibit
10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 2, 2007, and
incorporated herein by
reference).
|
4.12
|
|
Form
of Right Certificate. (1)
|
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Opinion
of O’Melveny & Myers LLP. (3)
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
Computation
of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Ratio of Earnings to Combined
Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends. (3)
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent
of BDO China Li Xin Da Hua CPA Co., Ltd., independent registered public
accounting firm. (2)
|
|
|
|
23.2
|
|
Consent
of Child, Van Wagoner & Bradshaw, PLLC, independent registered public
accounting firm. (2)
|
|
|
|
23.3
|
|
Consent
of O’Melveny & Myers LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
(3)
|
|
|
|
24.1
|
|
Power
of Attorney (included on the signature page to Registration Statement on
Form S-3 (File No. 333 - 171093). (3)
|
|
|
|
25.1
|
|
Statement
of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1.
(1)
|
(1)
|
To be filed by amendment or
incorporated by reference in connection with an offering of securities
registered hereunder.
|
(a) The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)
To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this registration
statement:
(i) To
include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of
1933;
(ii) To
reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date
of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment
thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change
in the information set forth in the registration
statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in
volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered
would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or
high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of
prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule
424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more
than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the
“Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement;
and
(iii) To
include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not
previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to
such information in the registration statement;
provided,
however
, that
paragraphs (a)(1)(i), (a)(1)(ii) and (a)(1)(iii) above do not apply if the
information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those
paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by
the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by reference in the registration
statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)
that is part of this registration statement.
(2) That,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933,
each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration
statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such
securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona
fide
offering
thereof.
(3) To
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the
securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the
offering.
(4) That,
for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to
any purchaser:
(i) the
information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance on Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h)
under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration
statement as of the time it was declared
effective.
(ii) each
post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to
be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and
the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial
bona
fide
offering
thereof.
(5) That,
for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to
any purchaser:
(i) each
prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to
be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was
deemed part of and included in the registration statement;
and
(ii) each
prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5), or (b)(7) as
part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an
offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of
providing the information required by section 10(a) of the Securities Act of
1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as
of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after
effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the
offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for
liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an
underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the
registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement
to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that
time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering
thereof.
Provided,
however,
that no statement
made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration
statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference
into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration
statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such
effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the
registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement
or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective
date.
(6) That,
for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities
Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the
undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of
the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless
of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the
securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the
following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the
purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such
purchaser:
(i) any
preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to
the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule
424;
(ii) any
free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the
undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned
registrant;
(iii) the
portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing
material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided
by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and
(iv) any
other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned
registrant to the purchaser.
(b) The
undersigned registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any
liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant’s
annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act
of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual
report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that is
incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a
new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the
offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona
fide offering thereof.
(c) Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may
be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant
pursuant to the provisions described in Item 15 above, or otherwise, the
registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange
Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event
that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the
payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or
controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action,
suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person
in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless
in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling
precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question
whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the
Securities Act of 1933 and will be governed by the final adjudication of such
issue.
(d) The
undersigned registrants hereby undertake to file an application for the purpose
of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of
Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act (“Trust Indenture Act”) in accordance
with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission under Section
305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has
reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing
this registration statement on Form S-3 and has duly caused this registration
statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly
authorized, in Beijing, China, on the 12th day of January,
2011.
|
ZHONGPIN
INC.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
By:
|
/s/
Xianfu Zhu
|
|
|
|
Xianfu Zhu
|
|
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been
signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
Signature
|
|
Title
|
Date
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Xianfu Zhu
|
|
Chairman
of the Board of Directors and
|
January
12, 2011
|
Xianfu Zhu
|
|
Chief
Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Chief
Financial Officer (Principal Financial
|
January
12, 2011
|
Feng Wang
|
|
Officer
and Principal Accounting Officer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Director
|
January
12, 2011
|
Baoke Ben
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Director
|
January
12, 2011
|
Min Chen
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Director
|
January
12, 2011
|
Raymond
Leal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*
|
|
Director
|
January
12, 2011
|
Yaoguo
Pan
|
|
|
|
*
By:
|
/s/ Xianfu Zhu
|
|
|
Attorney-in-fact
|
1.1
|
|
Form
of Underwriting Agreement. (1)
|
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
Certificate
of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed February 4, 2003 with the
Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to
our Registration Statement on Form SB-2 filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on January 22, 2004, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Certificate
of Designation of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock of Zhongpin
Inc (filed January 30, 2006 with the Delaware Secretary of
State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on
Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 2,
2006, and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
Amendment
to Certificate of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed February 16,
2006 with the Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2006 and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
Amendment
to the Certificate of Incorporation of Zhongpin Inc. (filed March 20, 2007
with the Delaware Secretary of State, incorporated by reference to Exhibit
3.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2006, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2007,
and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
Amended
and Restated Bylaws of Zhongpin Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Current
Report on Form 8-K, filed September 14, 2007, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Certificate (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to our Form SB-2 filed
January 22, 2004, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Form
of Preferred Stock Certificate. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Form
of Indenture. (3)
|
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Form
of Debt Security. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Form
of Warrant Agreement, including form of Warrant Certificate.
(1)
|
|
|
|
4.6
|
|
Form
of Unit Agreement. (1)
|
|
|
|
4.7
|
|
Amended
and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-156007) filed on
December 8, 2008.
|
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, issued in December 2006, (filed as
Exhibit 10.29 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1/A, filed December
22, 2006, and incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (filed as Exhibit 10.18 to our Current
Report on Form 8-K, February 2, 2006, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.10
|
|
Form
of Placement Agent Warrant (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on
Form 8-K, filed October 2, 2007, and incorporated herein by
reference).
|
|
|
|
4.11
|
|
Form
of Common Stock Purchase Warrant, issued October 2007 (filed as Exhibit
10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 2, 2007, and
incorporated herein by reference).
|
|
|
|
4.12
|
|
Form
of Right Certificate. (1)
|
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Opinion
of O’Melveny & Myers LLP. (3)
|
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
Computation
of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Ratio of Earnings to Combind
Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends. (3)
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
|
Consent
of BDO China Li Xin Da Hua CPA Co., Ltd., independent registered public
accounting firm. (2)
|
|
|
|
23.2
|
|
Consent
of Child, Van Wagoner & Bradshaw, PLLC, independent registered public
accounting firm. (2)
|
|
|
|
23.3
|
|
Consent
of O’Melveny & Myers LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).
(3)
|
|
|
|
24.1
|
|
Power
of Attorney (included on the signature page to Registration Statement on
Form S-3 (File No. 333 - 171093). (3)
|
|
|
|
25.1
|
|
Statement
of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1.
(1)
|
(1)
|
To be filed by amendment or
incorporated by reference in connection with an offering of securities
registered hereunder.
|
Grafico Azioni Zhongpin Inc. (MM) (NASDAQ:HOGS)
Storico
Da Giu 2024 a Lug 2024
Grafico Azioni Zhongpin Inc. (MM) (NASDAQ:HOGS)
Storico
Da Lug 2023 a Lug 2024