TSX Venture Exchange: BSK
Frankfurt Stock Exchange: MAL2
OTCQB Venture Market (OTC): BKUCF
VANCOUVER, BC, Feb. 22,
2024 /CNW/ - Blue Sky Uranium Corp. (TSXV:
BSK) (FSE: MAL2) (OTC: BKUCF), "Blue Sky" or the
"Company") is pleased to announce the results of a new
Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA") for the Ivana
Uranium-Vanadium deposit at the Company's 100% owned Amarillo
Grande Project in Rio Negro
Province, Argentina. The
updated PEA incorporates a new mineral resource estimate, in which
approximately 80% of the resources are now in the Indicated
category. The PEA demonstrates robust economics from a surficial
mining operation, entailing 11 years of uranium and vanadium
production:
PEA Highlights (All figures in US dollars)
- After-tax NPV 8%: $227.7
million
- After-tax IRR: 38.9%
- After-tax Payback period: 1.9 years
- Pre-production Capital Cost: $159.7
million, includes $35.4
million contingency
- Life of mine ("LOM") Sustaining Capital Cost: $27.3 million, includes $5.4 million contingency
- Average LOM Total Cash Cost net of credits: $23.29/lb U3O8
- Average LOM All-In Sustaining Costs ("AISC") net of
credits: $24.95/lb
U3O8
PEA Key Assumptions & Inputs
- Uranium price: $75/lb
U3O8
- Vanadium Price $7.5/lb
V2O5
- Years of Construction: 2
- Years of Production: 11
- Strip Ratio: 1.5:1 (waste/ore)
- Dilution: 3%
- Average Mining rate (waste + mill feed): 5.10 Mtpa
- Processing throughput: 2.17 Mtpa
- Process Plant Recoveries (Net), Uranium: 84.6%
- Process Plant Recoveries (Net), Vanadium: 52.5%
- Average Annual Production (LOM): 1.5 Mlbs/y
U3O8
- LOM uranium production: 16.5 Mlbs
U3O8
"This PEA reaffirms that the Ivana deposit is a leading
low-cost uranium-vanadium project. We believe that this resurgent
uranium market has a strong long-term outlook and we are therefore
preparing to complete a prefeasibility study for Ivana as soon as
possible," stated Nikolaos
Cacos, Blue Sky President & CEO. "We will also
continue our on-going exploration work to discover and delineate
new uranium and vanadium resources throughout the remaining highly
prospective district-scale Amarillo Grande project."
Additional detailed processing studies are underway to further
de-risk and enhance the economics for development of the Ivana
deposit. This technical work will be incorporated into the program
to support a prefeasibility study ("PFS"), which the Company
is preparing to commence in the coming months.
PEA Summary
A summary of key physical parameters and costs for the PEA are
presented in Table 1 below. All figures are in US dollars. The
Mineral Resource estimate included in the PEA is reported according
to the classification criteria set out in the Canadian Institute of
Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum Definition Standards for Mineral
Resources and Reserves ("CIM Definition Standards").
Readers are cautioned that the PEA is preliminary in nature and
is intended to provide an initial assessment of the project's
economic potential and development options. The PEA mine schedule
and economic assessment includes numerous assumptions and is based
on both Indicated and Inferred mineral resources. Inferred
resources are considered too speculative geologically to have the
economic considerations applied to them that would enable them to
be categorized as mineral reserves, and there is no certainty that
the PEA results will be realized. Mineral resources are not mineral
reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability.
Additional exploration will be required to potentially upgrade the
classification of the inferred mineral resources to be considered
in future advanced studies.
Table 1. PEA Summary Parameters
|
Unit
|
|
Physical
Parameters
|
|
|
Total tonnes feed prep
processed (LOM)
|
Mt
|
23.5
|
Head Grade
(U3O8)
|
%
|
0.038 %
|
Head Grade
(V2O5)
|
%
|
0.019 %
|
Annual Plant
throughput
|
tpa
|
2,170,000
|
Recovery - Uranium
(net)
|
%
|
84.6 %
|
Recovery - Vanadium
(net)
|
%
|
52.5 %
|
Mine Life
(Production)
|
years
|
11
|
Total Uranium
(U3O8) produced
|
Mlbs
|
16.5
|
Total Vanadium
(V2O5) produced
|
Mlbs
|
5.2
|
Average Annual
U3O8 production
|
Mlbs/yr
|
1.50
|
Operating Cost
Parameters
|
|
|
Mining Cost (LOM
avg)
|
$/t feed
|
$4.97
|
Processing Cost (LOM
avg)
|
$/t feed
|
$8.52
|
Waste & Water
Management
|
$/t feed
|
$0.09
|
G&A Cost (LOM
avg)
|
$/t feed
|
$1.92
|
Total Operating
Cost
|
$/t feed
|
$15.50
|
Pre-Production
Capital Costs
|
|
|
Mine
|
$M
|
$18.79
|
Process
Plant
|
$M
|
$96.25
|
Waste & Water
Management
|
$M
|
$5.44
|
Other
Infrastructure
|
$M
|
$3.83
|
Contingency
|
$M
|
$35.41
|
Total Pre-Development
Capital
|
$M
|
$159.72
|
Sustaining Capital
(LOM)
|
$M
|
$27.29
|
Total Capital
(LOM)
|
$M
|
$187.01
|
Cost
Summary
|
|
|
LOM U3O8 cost (net of
V2O5 credits)
|
$/lb
|
$23.29
|
LOM U3O8 cost (net of
V2O5 credits) with AISC
|
$/lb
|
$24.95
|
Supporting information for the Mineral Resource estimate and the
PEA will be detailed in an independent technical report prepared in
accordance with National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure
for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101") which will be filed on SEDAR+
under the Company's profile within 45 days of the date of this news
release.
Mineral Resource Estimate
The effective date of the Mineral Resource estimate is
October 14, 2023. This updated
resource estimate includes data from an additional 350 reverse
circulation ("RC") drill holes (3,346 metres) completed up to March
of 2022. The Mineral Resource estimate is presented in Table
2.
The Indicated and Inferred mineral resource estimation for the
Ivana Project is summarized in Table 2. The base case cut-off grade
of 100 ppm U. The addition of 350 RC drill holes decreased the
drill hole spacing and 80% of the estimate is now classed as
indicated mineral resources based on 2 holes within 100 m of a
block. As far as the QPs are aware, there are no issues
related to environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation,
sociopolitical or marketing which could materially impact the
mineral resource,
Table 2. Estimate of Mineral Resource reported
at 100 ppm Uranium Cut-off
Zone
|
Class
|
Tonnes
(Mt)
|
Average
Grade
|
Contained
Metal
|
U
(ppm)
|
U308 (%)
|
V
(ppm)
|
V2O5 (%)
|
U308 (Mlb)
|
V2O5 (Mlb)
|
Upper
|
Indicated
|
2.0
|
122
|
0.014
|
110
|
0.020
|
0.6
|
0.9
|
Lower
|
Indicated
|
17.6
|
358
|
0.042
|
104
|
0.019
|
16.4
|
7.2
|
Total
|
Indicated
|
19.7
|
333
|
0.039
|
105
|
0.019
|
17.0
|
8.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Upper
|
Inferred
|
1.4
|
167
|
0.020
|
170
|
0.030
|
0.6
|
0.9
|
Lower
|
Inferred
|
4.2
|
293
|
0.035
|
90
|
0.016
|
3.2
|
1.5
|
Total
|
Inferred
|
5.6
|
262
|
0.031
|
109
|
0.019
|
3.8
|
2.4
|
Notes to Table
1:
|
- The effective date
of the Mineral Resource is October 14, 2023. The QPs for the
Mineral Resource estimate are Susan Lomas, P.Geo. of Lions Gate
Geological Consulting (LGGC) and Dr. Bruce Davis
FAusIMM.
- CIM Definition
Standards were used for Mineral Resource classification and in
accordance with CIM MRMR Best Practice Guidelines. Mineral
Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated
economic viability.
- Extreme High-grade
samples were capped to lower grades (Upper U 1000 ppm, V 400 ppm,
Lower U 3000 ppm, V 1000 ppm) and then restricted using an outlier
strategy where Upper composites were limited to U 400 ppm and V 300
ppm over 100 m and Lower composites were limited to U 2000 ppm and
V 600 ppm over 100 m
- Mineral Resources
were tabulated within a resource limiting pitshell using $US 75/lb
U price, recovery of 84.6% U; open pit mining cost of $1.50/t
mineralization mined; processing and G&A cost of $6.30/t
processed; pit slope of 32°. Bulk density value of
2.1 g/cm3was used for mineralized
material.
- The resource was
estimated within distinct zones of elevated uranium concentration
occurring within the host sediments. Vanadium is associated with
uranium and is estimated within the same zones. There is no
indication that Vanadium occurs outside of the elevated uranium
zones in the Ivana deposit area in sufficient concentrations to
justify developing estimation domains focused on
Vanadium.
|
Mine Plan
The Ivana operation will consist of surface mining operation
delivering mill feed to a nearby processing plant or feed
stockpiles. The annual mining rate will be approximately
5.1 Mtpa (13,000 tpd) consisting of waste material and mill
feed. The average strip ratio is approximately 1.5:1.
Table 3 presents the potentially excavated tonnages. Mill feed
may be delivered directly to the process plant or placed into
stockpiles for blending purposes.
Table 3. Potentially Extractable Portion of
the Mineral Resource
|
|
U3O8
|
V2O5
|
Waste
stripped
|
34,756 kt
|
-
|
-
|
Strip Ratio
|
1.48
|
|
|
Mill Feed
(diluted)
|
23,467 kt
|
0.038 %
|
0.019 %
|
Note: Assumes 3% dilution and 3% ore loss. Cut-off
grade of 75 ppm U used to define
potentially extractable portion of mineral
resource.
|
The surface mine will be relatively shallow, with a maximum
depth of 30 metres. The length of the mine will be approximately
3000 metres with widths ranging from 100 to 400 metres.
Mining will be done with a fleet of two (5 cubic metre)
excavators, a front-end loader and seven 31-tonne articulated
trucks along with a fleet of support equipment. The materials mined
are unconsolidated gravels and sands and are free digging,
therefore drilling and blasting will not be required.
Mine waste materials will be used for construction activities on
site (e.g., construction of the surface tailings management
facility (TMF), inpit cell divider berms, etc.). Waste materials
not used in construction will be stockpiled outside of the
footprint of the pit. Waste will be managed in the external
stockpiles until it is used as in-pit backfill or for reclamation
activities.
Processing & Recovery
Mined mill feed may be delivered directly to the processing
plant or stockpiled. Stockpiles provide a surge capacity between
the mining and processing, and enable blending, to manage the head
grade of the process plant feed. Mill feed will then be processed
in two stages. The net process recovery is 85% for uranium (derived
from 89% leach feed preparation recovery and 95% subsequent
alkaline leach circuit recovery); and 53% net for vanadium (derived
from 89% leach feed preparation recovery and 59% subsequent
alkaline leach circuit recovery). Recoveries were determined
through the mineralogical, metallurgical and process engineering
test work program completed by The Saskatchewan Research Council
(SRC), as detailed in the BSK press release dated February 7th, 2019.
Feed material will first be processed through the leach feed
preparation plant, a semi-mobile screening and scrubbing facility
located at the proposed mining site. The leach feed preparation
plant will liberate fine material (<100 um) from the larger
particles (>100 um) and scrub away and recover fine uranium and
vanadium mineral particles coating the large particles, into a
leach feed slurry. The rejected coarse fraction (approx. 75% of the
mill feed mass from which most of the original uranium and vanadium
has been stripped) will be dewatered, and either stockpiled on
surface (during the first three years of operations) or backhauled
by the mine fleet for backfill into containment cells within mined
out sections of the pit.
In the second process stage the slurry containing the fine
fraction of the mineralized material will be pumped to the leach
plant. An alkaline leach circuit (sodium carbonate and bicarbonate)
will be used to dissolve uranium and vanadium from the leach feed
minerals. No oxidant is required. Subsequently, uranium and
vanadium will be separated by selective chemical precipitation,
with uranium solids then calcined to U3O8 or
UO3 and vanadium solids calcined to
V205.
Tailings slurry from the alkaline leach circuit (approx. 25% of
the mill feed mass and from which the majority of uranium and
vanadium has been stripped) will initially be pumped to a surface
TMF where it will settle and release water. This released water
will be reclaimed and pumped to the water treatment circuit in the
process plant where it will be further treated, resulting in solids
that are pumped back to the TMF with the alkaline leach tailings.
The final pH adjusted water will be returned to the process water
tank for reuse. The TMF will be used for tailings management
for the first three years of mill production.
The fine tailings will be pumped into containment cells in mined
out sections of the pit after the surface TMF reaches design
capacity (approximately Year 4 of mill production), for co-disposal
with mine waste rock and coarse rejects. Long term storage of all
waste material from mining operations will comply with all local
and international regulations and requirements.
Infrastructure
The Ivana operation will take advantage of local infrastructure
whenever possible. Employees will reside in local communities, most
likely the town of Valcheta, approximately 25 km from the mine
site. Grid power will be accessible to the project via the
construction of a 30 km powerline. For the PEA it is assumed
that process water will be supplied from on-site pumping wells.
Ground water at the mine site is classified as non-potable for
humans and animals but suitable for processing use. Future studies
will further assess the local water resources.
Other site infrastructure will include maintenance shops,
administration offices, a mine dry, diesel fuel storage, and
warehouses.
Capital and Operating Costs
The life-of-mine capital and operating costs are summarized in
Tables 4 and 5. The costs assume a fully owner-operated project.
The closure and reclamation cost are estimated at $26.8 million and includes costs for site
remediation and final backfilling of the remaining mine
excavation. These costs are commensurate with a PEA level study and
have an accuracy of +/- 35%.
Table 4. Capital Cost Summary
Area
|
Units
|
Pre-
Production
|
Sustaining
(LOM)
|
Total
LOM
|
Mine
|
$M
|
18.8
|
11.3
|
30.1
|
Process
Plant
|
$M
|
96.3
|
1.3
|
97.5
|
Waste & Water
Management
|
$M
|
5.4
|
8.2
|
13.7
|
Other
Infrastructure
|
$M
|
3.8
|
1.1
|
4.9
|
Contingency
|
$M
|
35.4
|
5.4
|
40.8
|
Total
Capital
|
$M
|
159.7
|
27.3
|
187.0
|
Note: cost accuracy
is commensurate with a PEA level study, with +/- 35%
accuracy.
|
Table 5. Operating Cost Summary
Area
|
Units
|
Unit
Cost
|
Total
LOM
|
Mining Cost, incl
coarse reject backhauling
|
$/t mat'l
|
2.09
|
116.6
|
Mining Cost, incl
coarse rejects
|
$/t feed
|
4.97
|
116.6
|
Processing
Cost
|
$/t feed
|
8.52
|
199.9
|
Waste & Water
Management
|
$/t feed
|
0.09
|
2.2
|
G&A
|
$/t feed
|
1.92
|
45.0
|
Total Operating
Cost
|
$/t feed
|
15.50
|
363.7
|
Project Economics and Sensitivities
The economic results of the PEA are summarized in Table 6 on
both a before-tax and after-tax basis. For the PEA Base Case a
long-term uranium price of $75/lb
U3O8 and a vanadium price of $7.50/lb V2O5 were used.
Sensitivity to various uranium prices are shown in Table 6 while
the vanadium price is kept fixed.
Uranium provides approximately 97% of the project's revenue
stream at the base case prices.
Table 6. Economics and Sensitivity
|
|
Uranium Price
Sensitivity
|
Spot
|
Price -
U3O8
|
$/lb
|
$65.00
|
$75.00
|
$85.00
|
$105.00
|
Price -
V2O5
|
$/lb
|
$7.50
|
$7.50
|
$7.50
|
$7.50
|
Pre-Tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
NPV (0%)
|
$M
|
$ 481.3
|
$637.2
|
$ 793.1
|
$1,105.0
|
NPV (8%)
|
$M
|
$272.8
|
$371.8
|
$470.7
|
$ 668.7
|
IRR
|
%
|
41.4 %
|
50.4 %
|
58.8 %
|
74.2 %
|
After-Tax
|
|
|
|
|
|
NPV (0%)
|
$M
|
$304.9
|
$405.1
|
$ 505.2
|
$705.4
|
NPV (8%)
|
$M
|
$163.6
|
$227.7
|
$ 291.2
|
$ 418.3
|
IRR
|
%
|
31.7 %
|
38.9 %
|
45.3 %
|
57.0 %
|
Payback
|
years
|
2.3
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
1.3
|
Opportunities
Infill drilling at the Ivana deposit is expected to upgrade the
mineral resource from the Inferred and indicated categories. It is
estimated that an infill RC drilling program of approximately
3,000m in 180 holes will be required
in order to further upgrade resources within the pit shell
zone.
There is also potential to expand mine feed at Ivana,
particularly to the west, where recent infill drilling returned
low-uranium – rich-vanadium resources that may be potentially
considered for mine-life extension during high-price scenario (see
Blue Sky news release dated September 8,
2022). Furthermore, there is excellent exploration potential
in the 30-40km surrounding areas of the Ivana deposit for
considering a potential cluster of deposit with a central facility,
and elsewhere on the Amarillo Grande Project concessions.
Additional improvements to the project economics are expected as
more detailed engineering studies are undertaken and optimization
studies are completed.
Future work on Ivana will include additional infill drilling to
upgrade mineral resources, as well as advanced engineering studies
that will incorporate the ongoing comprehensive environmental base
line study and additional metallurgical and process test works, as
well as mine design optimization, detailed permitting assessment,
among other items required for the completion of a PFS.
About the Amarillo Grande Project
The Company's 100% owned Amarillo Grande Uranium-Vanadium
Project in Rio Negro Province,
Argentina is a new uranium
district controlled by Blue Sky. The Project includes several major
target areas over a regional trend, with uranium and vanadium
mineralization in loosely consolidated sandstones and
conglomerates, at or near surface. The area is flat-lying,
semi-arid and accessible year-round, with nearby rail, power and
port access.
The Ivana deposit is located in the southernmost of three target
areas that comprise the Amarillo Grande Uranium-Vanadium project.
Mineralization was first identified at Ivana after field follow-up
of a 2010 regional high-resolution airborne radiometric and
magnetic survey.
The Ivana deposit displays characteristics of both
surficial-type and sandstone-type uranium-vanadium deposits. In
plan view, the Ivana uranium-vanadium mineralization has a broad
C-shaped pattern with some isolated outlying areas of peripheral
mineralization. The uranium mineralization at Ivana is comprised of
secondary uranium minerals which include carnotite, a
coffinite-like mineral that has been called β-coffinite
(beta-coffinite), as well as lesser tyuyamunite, leibigite, and an
unidentified uranium-bearing mineral species.
Mineralization occurs within 25 m
of surface in two stacked zones. The upper zone is comprised of
predominantly carnotite mineralization, and the lower zone contains
a mixture of mainly carnotite and β-coffinite mineralization. The
two zones occur together through most of the deposit but there are
localized areas where only one zone is present. The upper zone
averages 2.7 m in thickness, with a
maximum of 10 m, while the lower zone
has a maximum of 20 m and has an
average thickness of 6 m.
The Amarillo Grande project is believed to have district-scale
potential for discovery of similar styles of mineralization.
QA/QC
The resource estimation was based on 838 RC drill holes,
representing 10,968 metres of drilling with one metre samples. The
drilling was completed in four phases starting in January 2017 and finishing in March 2022. Only two holes were inclined; the
remainder were vertical. Bedding and mineralized horizons are
approximately horizontal so vertical samples are believed to
represent true thickness. The QPs reviewed the QAQC program for the
drilling samples and found the analytical results are within
standard industry limits and the drill samples are appropriate for
use in the mineral resource estimation.
Qualified Persons and NI 43-101 Disclosure
The results of the Company's drilling program were reviewed,
verified (including sampling, analytical and test data) and
compiled by the Company's geological staff under the supervision
of David Terry, Ph.D., P.Geo. Dr. Terry is a Director of the
Company and a Qualified Person ("QP") as defined in National
Instrument 43-101.
A National Instrument 43-101 ("NI 43-101") Technical Report
supporting the Mineral Resource Estimate and the Preliminary
Economic Assessment will be filed on SEDAR+ within 45 days of this
news release.
The Mineral Resource Estimate and associated information in this
news release were prepared under the direction of Bruce Davis
Ph.D., F.AusIMM, Consultant, and Susan
Lomas, P.Geo., of Lions Gate Geological Consulting Inc. Both
Dr. Davis and Ms. Lomas are independent Qualified Persons (QP's) as
defined in NI 43-101.
The PEA and associated information in this news release were
prepared under the direction of consultant Ken Kuchling, P.Eng., a mining engineer
specializing in economic reviews and an independent Qualified
Person as defined in NI 43-101.
Additional contributing independent Qualified Persons for the
PEA are:
- Chuck Edwards, P.Eng. FCIM (metallurgy &
processing)
- Ken Embree, P.Eng., of Knight Piésold Ltd (environmental,
waste & water management)
All the QP's have reviewed and approved the content of this news
release.
About Blue Sky Uranium Corp.
Blue Sky Uranium Corp. is a leader in uranium discovery in
Argentina. The Company's objective
is to deliver exceptional returns to shareholders by rapidly
advancing a portfolio of surficial uranium deposits into low-cost
producers, while respecting the environment, the communities, and
the cultures in all the areas in which we work. Blue Sky has the
exclusive right to properties in two provinces in Argentina. The Company's flagship Amarillo
Grande Project was an in-house discovery of a new district that has
the potential to be both a leading domestic supplier of uranium to
the growing Argentine market and a new international market
supplier. The Company is a member of the Grosso Group, a resource
management group that has pioneered exploration in Argentina since 1993.
For additional details on the project and properties, please see
the Company's website: www.blueskyuranium.com
ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD
"Nikolaos Cacos"
______________________________________
Nikolaos Cacos, President, CEO and
Director
Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services
Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture
Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of
this release.
This news release may contain forward-looking statements
including but not limited to comments regarding the timing and
content of upcoming work programs, geological interpretations,
receipt of property titles, potential mineral recovery processes,
etc. Forward-looking statements address future events and
conditions and therefore involve inherent risks and uncertainties.
Actual results may differ materially from those currently
anticipated in such statements. Readers are encouraged to refer to
the Company's public disclosure documents for a more detailed
discussion of factors that may impact expected future results. The
Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any
forward-looking statements. We advise U.S. investors that the SEC's
mining guidelines strictly prohibit information of this type in
documents filed with the SEC. U.S. investors are cautioned that
mineral deposits on adjacent properties are not indicative of
mineral deposits on our properties.
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