Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.
Our articles of incorporation provide that we may indemnify any of our directors, officers, employees, fiduciaries, or agents to the full extent permitted by the Colorado Business Corporation Act as in effect at the time of the conduct by such person. Our bylaws provide that we shall indemnify our directors in their capacities as directors pursuant to the procedures set forth in, and to the full extent authorized by, Colorado law and that we may indemnify and advance expenses to our officers, employees, fiduciaries and agents as we deemed appropriate and as permitted by Colorado law.
Section 7-109-103 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act provides that a Colorado corporation must indemnify a person (i) who is or was a director of the corporation or an individual who, while serving as a director of the corporation, is or was serving at the corporation’s request as a director, officer, agent, associate, employee, fiduciary, manager, member, partner, promoter, trustee of, or similar position with, another corporation or other entity or of any employee benefit plan (a “Director”) or officer of the corporation and (ii) who was wholly successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative and whether formal or informal (a “Proceeding”), in which the Director was a party, against reasonable expenses incurred by him or her in connection with the Proceeding, unless such indemnity is limited by the corporation’s articles of incorporation. Our articles of incorporation do not contain any such limitation.
Section 7-109-102 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act provides, generally, that a Colorado corporation may indemnify a person made a party to a Proceeding because the person is or was a Director, against any obligation incurred with respect to a Proceeding, to pay a judgment, settlement, penalty, fine (including an excise tax assessed with respect to an employee benefit plan) or reasonable expenses incurred in the Proceeding if the Director conducted himself or herself in good faith and the Director reasonably believed, in the case of conduct in an official capacity with the corporation, that the Director’s conduct was in the corporation’s best interests and, in all other cases, the Director’s conduct was at least not opposed to the corporation’s best interests and, with respect to any criminal proceedings, the Director had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. A corporation may not indemnify a Director in connection with any Proceeding charging the Director derived an improper personal benefit, whether or not involving actions in an official capacity, in which Proceeding the Director was judged liable on the basis that he derived an improper personal benefit.
Section 7-109-105 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act authorizes a court of competent jurisdiction to order indemnification if it determines that the Director is (i) entitled to mandatory indemnification under Section 7-109-103 (in which case the court also shall order the Colorado corporation to pay the Director’s reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification) or (ii)
fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all of the relevant circumstances, whether or not the Director met the standard of conduct under Section 7-109-102 or was adjudged liable in an action by or in the right of the corporation or on the basis that he or she derived an improper personal benefit (except that the indemnification in these circumstances is limited to the reasonable expenses incurred in connection with the Proceeding and reasonable expenses incurred to obtain court-ordered indemnification).
Under Section 7-109-107 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act, unless otherwise provided in its articles of incorporation, a Colorado corporation may indemnify and advance expenses to an officer, employee, fiduciary, or agent of the corporation to the same extent as a Director and may indemnify such a person who is not a Director to a greater extent, if not inconsistent with public policy and if provided for by its bylaws, general or specific action of its board of directors or shareholders, or contract.
Section 7-109-104 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act authorizes a Colorado corporation to pay expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding if the Director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent undertakes in writing to repay the amount if it is a ultimately determined that such person did not meet the statutory standards of conduct and a determination is made that the facts then known to those making the determination would not preclude indemnification under the Colorado Business Corporation Act.
Section 7-109-106 of the Colorado Business Corporation Act provides that the determination that a Director or other person is entitled to indemnification or advancement of expenses under the Act is to be made by (i) the board of directors by a majority vote of those present at a meeting at which a quorum is present (and only those directors not parties to the Proceeding shall be counted in satisfying the quorum), (ii) if a quorum cannot be obtained, by a majority vote of a committee of the board, which shall consist of two or more directors not parties to the Proceeding (except that directors who are parties to the Proceeding may participate in the designation of the directors for the committee) or (iii) by the corporation’s shareholders. With respect to clauses (i) and (ii), if a quorum of the board cannot be obtained and a committee cannot be established (or even if quorum is obtained or a committee is designated), if a majority of the directors constituting such quorum or such committee so directs, the determination required to be made under the Act must be made by independent legal counsel selected by a vote of the board or committee constituted in the manner contemplated in the preceding sentence or if a quorum cannot be obtained and a committee cannot be established, by independent legal counsel selected by a majority vote of the full board of directors. Authorization of indemnification and advancement of expenses must be made in the same manner as the determination that indemnification or advancement of expenses is permissible; except that, if the determination that indemnification or advancement of expenses is permissible is made by independent legal counsel, authorization of indemnification and advancement of expenses is to be made by the body that selected such counsel.
It is the opinion of the SEC that indemnification of directors and officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and is unenforceable pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Act.