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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended: March 31, 2024
OR
☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from              to             
Commission File Number 0-28082
KVH Industries, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Delaware05-0420589
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
50 Enterprise Center, Middletown, RI 02842
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
(401) 847-3327
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange on which Registered
The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per shareKVHI
(Nasdaq Global Select Market)


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒  No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer☐Accelerated filer☒
Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☒
Emerging growth company☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ☐    No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
DateClassOutstanding shares
May 1, 2024Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share19,716,221



KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Form 10-Q
INDEX
  Page No.
ITEM 1.
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2023
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (unaudited)
ITEM 2.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 6.
 
2


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.    Financial Statements
KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
ASSETS(unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$11,441 $11,294 
Marketable securities55,196 58,477 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1,138 and $1,168 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
25,965 25,670 
Inventories19,089 19,046 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,224 4,331 
Total current assets115,915 118,818 
Property and equipment, net
46,230 47,680 
Intangible assets, net
1,105 1,194 
Right of use assets1,621 1,068 
Other non-current assets3,270 3,618 
Deferred income tax asset221 256 
Total assets$168,362 $172,634 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$6,945 $4,780 
Accrued airtime1,105 5,508 
Accrued compensation and employee-related expenses4,567 4,466 
Accrued loss on future firm purchase commitments3,569 3,569 
Accrued other1,912 2,588 
Accrued product warranty costs726 828 
Deferred revenue2,167 1,774 
Current operating lease liability1,211 786 
Liability for uncertain tax positions693 673 
Total current liabilities22,895 24,972 
Long-term operating lease liability398 289 
Deferred income tax liability2 1 
Total liabilities$23,295 $25,262 
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 2, 10, and 15)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued
— — 
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 30,000,000 shares; 21,205,364 and 21,066,899 shares issued at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; and 19,749,255 and 19,610,790 shares outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively
212 211 
Additional paid-in capital165,768 165,140 
Accumulated deficit(4,867)(1,704)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(3,956)(4,185)
157,157 159,462 
Less: treasury stock at cost, common stock, 1,456,109 and 1,456,109 shares as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
(12,090)(12,090)
Total stockholders’ equity145,067 147,372 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$168,362 $172,634 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except earnings per share amounts, unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
 20242023
Sales:
Service$25,038 $28,740 
Product4,229 5,403 
Net sales29,267 34,143 
Costs and expenses:
Costs of service sales14,044 16,076 
Costs of product sales5,308 5,313 
Research and development3,038 2,565 
Sales, marketing and support5,384 5,708 
General and administrative5,291 4,650 
Total costs and expenses33,065 34,312 
Loss from operations(3,798)(169)
Interest income911 778 
Other expense, net(198)(224)
(Loss) income before income tax expense(3,085)385 
Income tax expense78 18 
Net (loss) income$(3,163)$367 
Net (loss) income per common share
Basic$(0.16)$0.02 
Diluted$(0.16)$0.02 
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic19,286 18,882 
Diluted19,286 19,035 


See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
(in thousands, unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Net (loss) income$(3,163)$367 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities— 13 
Foreign currency translation adjustment229 66 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax(1)
229 79 
Total comprehensive (loss) income$(2,934)$446 
(1) Tax impact was nominal for all periods.

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands, unaudited)
 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital		Retained DeficitAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss 		Treasury StockTotal
Stockholders’
Equity
 SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 202321,067 $211 $165,140 $(1,704)$(4,185)(1,456)$(12,090)$147,372 
Net loss— — — (3,163)— — — (3,163)
Other comprehensive income— — — — 229 — — 229 
Stock-based compensation— — 522 — — — — 522 
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan24 — 95 — — — — 95 
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures114 1 11 — — — — 12 
Balance at March 31, 202421,205 $212 $165,768 $(4,867)$(3,956)(1,456)$(12,090)$145,067 
 Common StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital		Retained EarningsAccumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss		Treasury StockTotal
Stockholders’
Equity
 SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 202220,631 $206 $160,475 $13,718 $(4,110)(1,433)$(11,851)$158,438 
Net income— — — 367 — — — 367 
Other comprehensive income— — — — 79 — — 79 
Stock-based compensation— — 296 — — — — 296 
Acquisition of treasury stock— — — — — (23)(239)(239)
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures195 2 1,008 — — — — 1,010 
Balance at March 31, 202320,826 $208 $161,779 $14,085 $(4,031)(1,456)$(12,090)$159,951 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
6

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands, unaudited) 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net (loss) income$(3,163)$367 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Provision for credit losses54 280 
Depreciation and amortization3,247 3,461 
Deferred income taxes36 1 
Loss on disposals of fixed assets683 146 
Compensation expense related to stock-based awards and employee stock purchase plan
522 296 
Unrealized currency translation loss (gain)241 (1)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable(355)776 
Inventories(44)(1,155)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets100 (111)
Other non-current assets328 312 
Accounts payable2,184 (15,077)
Deferred revenue400 460 
Accrued compensation, product warranty and other(5,025)3,466 
Net cash used in operating activities$(792)$(6,779)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures(2,399)(2,103)
Cash paid for acquisition of intangible asset(10)(12)
Purchases of marketable securities(720)(16,010)
Maturities and sales of marketable securities4,000 15,422 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities$871 $(2,703)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan96 1,022 
Purchase of treasury stock— (239)
Payment of finance lease— (22)
Net cash provided by financing activities$96 $761 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(28)40 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents147 (8,681)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period11,294 21,056 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$11,441 $12,375 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Changes in accrued other and accounts payable related to property and equipment additions$5 $119 
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
7

KVH INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
(Unaudited, all amounts in thousands except per share amounts)

(1)    Description of Business

KVH Industries, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the Company or KVH) designs, develops, manufactures and markets mobile connectivity services and products for the marine and land markets.

KVH’s service sales primarily represent revenue earned from satellite Internet airtime services. KVH provides, for monthly fixed and per-usage fees, satellite connectivity encompassing broadband Internet and VoIP services, to its TracNet H-series and TracPhone V-HTS series customers via KVH’s global high-throughput satellite (HTS) network. Revenue from our cellular airtime service increasingly supplements KVH’s satellite-only airtime revenue following the July 2022 launch of the KVH ONE hybrid network and TracNet H-series terminals. This service and product combination integrates global satellite service with KVH-provided cellular service in more than 150 countries, along with shore-based Wi-Fi access. The May 2023 introduction of the KVH ONE OpenNet Program expanded access to KVH's global HTS network and airtime services to non-KVH terminals for the first time.

AgilePlans, KVH’s connectivity as a service offering, is a monthly subscription model that provides global connectivity to commercial maritime customers. The subscription includes the choice of satellite-only and hybrid terminals, airtime data service, VoIP, daily news, subsidized shipping and installation, and global support for a monthly fee with no minimum contract commitment. KVH offers AgilePlans subscribers a variety of airtime data plans with varying data speeds and fixed data usage levels with per megabyte overage charges. These airtime plans are similar to those the Company offers to customers who elect to purchase or lease a TracNet H-series or TracPhone V-HTS series terminal.

The Company recognizes the monthly AgilePlans subscription fee as service revenue over the service delivery period. The Company retains ownership of the hardware it provides to AgilePlans customers, who must return the hardware to KVH if they decide to terminate the service. Because KVH does not sell the hardware under AgilePlans, the Company does not recognize any product revenue when the hardware is deployed to an AgilePlans customer. KVH records the cost of the hardware used by AgilePlans customers as revenue-generating assets and depreciates the cost over an estimated useful life of five years. Since the Company is retaining ownership of the hardware, it does not accrue any warranty costs for AgilePlans hardware; however, any maintenance costs on the hardware are expensed in the period these costs are incurred.

Service sales also include the distribution of commercially licensed entertainment, including news, sports, and movies to commercial customers in the maritime and hotel markets through the KVH Media Group, along with supplemental value-added cybersecurity, email, and crew internet services. In addition, KVH earns monthly usage fees from third-party satellite connectivity services, including VoIP, data and Internet services, provided to its Inmarsat and Iridium customers who choose to activate their subscriptions with KVH. Service sales also include sales from product repairs and extended warranty sales.

KVH’s satellite-only and hybrid products enable marine customers to receive data, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and value-added services via satellite, cellular, and shore-based Wi-Fi networks onboard commercial, leisure, and military/government vessels. In addition, the Company’s in-motion television terminals permit customers to receive live digital television via regional satellite services in marine vessels, recreational vehicles, buses and automobiles. KVH sells its products through an extensive international network of dealers and distributors. KVH also sells and leases products to service providers and end users.

KVH's marine leisure business is highly seasonal, and seasonality can also impact the Company's commercial marine business, although typically to a lesser degree. Temporary suspensions of the Company's airtime services typically increase in the fourth and first quarters of each year as boats are placed out of service during the winter months. Historically, the Company has generated the majority of its marine leisure product revenues during the first and second quarters of each year, and these revenues typically decline in the third and fourth quarters of each year, compared to the first two quarters.

In February 2024, the Company announced a staged wind-down of its product manufacturing operations at its Middletown, Rhode Island location. The Company expects that it will continue its product manufacturing activities in order to generate a targeted amount of inventory of maritime satellite connectivity and satellite television terminals to meet anticipated demand and that it will cease substantially all manufacturing activity by the end of 2024. The Company expects to continue to facilitate customer transition to third-party hardware products compatible with its mobile satellite communications services.

8

(2)     Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2023 10-K - Revision for Correction of Immaterial Errors

As stated in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed on March 15, 2024, the Company corrected for errors that were immaterial to its previously reported consolidated financial statements. These errors were identified in connection with the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, and related primarily to the adoption and implementation of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) on January 1, 2018, specifically, the assessment of performance obligations associated with the sales of antennas and airtime-related equipment. The Company evaluated the materiality of these errors both qualitatively and quantitatively in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, and determined that the effect of these corrections was not material to the previously issued financial statements. Therefore, the amounts in the previous period have been revised to reflect the correction of these errors.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements of KVH Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through the date of this filing. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The consolidated interim financial statements have not been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. These consolidated interim financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with annual financial statements and accordingly should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed on March 15, 2024 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the remainder of the year.

Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting periods. The estimates and assumptions used by management affect the Company’s revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, expected future cash flows (including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill), estimated fair values of long-lived assets (including goodwill, amortization methods and amortization periods), certain accrued expenses and other related charges, stock-based compensation, contingent liabilities, forfeitures and key valuation assumptions for its share-based awards, estimated fulfillment costs for warranty obligations, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance, and the valuation of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.

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Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in Denmark, Singapore and Cyprus are maintained using the United States dollar as the functional currency. Exchange rates in effect on the date of the transaction are used to record monetary assets and liabilities. Revenue and other expense elements are recorded at rates that approximate the rates in effect on the transaction dates. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are recognized within “other expense, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded net foreign currency exchange losses, which are comprised of both realized and unrealized foreign currency exchange gains and losses, in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations of $(21) and $(54) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in the United Kingdom, Brazil, Norway, India and Japan use the foreign subsidiaries’ respective local currencies as the functional currency. The Company translates the assets and liabilities of these foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Net sales, costs and expenses are translated using average exchange rates in effect during the period. Gains and losses from foreign currency translation are credited or charged to accumulated other comprehensive loss included in stockholders' equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

(3)     Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted

There are no recent accounting pronouncements that have been issued by the FASB, that are not yet effective and that the Company expects would have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.

(4)    Marketable Securities

Marketable securities as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following:
March 31, 2024Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
 
December 31, 2023Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $— $— $58,477 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$58,477 $— $— $58,477 

Interest income from marketable securities was $720 and $588 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(5)     Stockholder's Equity

(a) Stock Equity and Incentive Plan
The Company recognizes stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. On June 8, 2022, at the Company's 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment and restatement of the Company’s current equity compensation plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the plan by 1,280 shares, from 4,800 shares to 6,080 shares (excluding rollover shares). Stock-based compensation expense was $517 and $284, excluding $5 and $12 of compensation expense related to our Amended and Restated 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the ESPP, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, there was $1,918 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.68 years. As of March 31, 2024, there was $2,399 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.65 years.

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Stock Options

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no shares of common stock were issued upon the exercise of stock options. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, 266 stock options were granted and 14 stock options expired, were canceled or were forfeited. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, 317 stock options were granted. The Company has historically estimated the fair value of each option grant on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The weighted average assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20242023
Risk-free interest rate4.36 %4.49 %
Expected volatility48.63 %43.93 %
Expected life (in years)4.324.30
Dividend yield0 %0 %

As of March 31, 2024, there were 1,482 options outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $8.75 per share and 641 options exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of $9.86 per share.

Restricted Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, 122 shares of restricted stock were granted with a weighted average grant date fair value of $5.03 per share and 8 shares of restricted stock were forfeited. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, 66 shares of restricted stock vested, of which no shares of common stock were surrendered to the Company as payment by employees in lieu of cash to satisfy minimum tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had no unvested outstanding options and no outstanding shares of restricted stock that were subject to performance-based or market-based vesting conditions.

(b) Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company's ESPP affords eligible employees the right to purchase common stock, via payroll deductions, through various offering periods at a purchase price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first or last day of the offering period, whichever is lower. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 24 and 0 shares were issued under the ESPP plan, respectively. The Company recorded compensation charges related to the ESPP of $5 and $12 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(c) Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents stock-based compensation expense, including expense for the ESPP, in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Cost of service sales$7 $4 
Cost of product sales9 7 
Research and development89 88 
Sales, marketing and support71 38 
General and administrative346 159 
$522 $296 

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(d) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (AOCL)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income (loss), unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency translation, and unrealized gains and losses on available for sale marketable securities. The components of the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) and the effect on earnings for the periods presented are detailed in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.
The balances for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2023$(4,185)$— $(4,185)
Other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Net other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Balance, March 31, 2024$(3,956)$— $(3,956)

Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2022$(4,098)$(12)$(4,110)
Other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Net other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Balance, March 31, 2023$(4,032)$1 $(4,031)

(6)     Net (Loss) Income per Common Share

    Basic net (loss) income per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share incorporates the dilutive effect of common stock equivalent options, warrants and other convertible securities, if any, as determined with the treasury stock accounting method. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, since there was a net loss, the Company excluded 1,584 shares underlying outstanding stock options and non-vested restricted shares from its diluted loss per share calculation, as inclusion of these convertible securities would have reduced the net loss per share.

A reconciliation of the basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic19,286 18,882 
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans— 153 
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted19,286 19,035 

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(7)     Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in first-out costing method. Inventories as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include the costs of material, labor, and factory overhead. Components of inventories consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$11,547 $11,352 
Work in process3,310 2,617 
Finished goods4,232 5,077 
$19,089 $19,046 

(8)     Property and Equipment

Property and equipment, net, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Land$2,833 $2,833 
Building and improvements18,839 18,839 
Leasehold improvements442 445 
Machinery and equipment6,001 5,989 
Revenue-generating assets60,425 60,984 
Office and computer equipment14,931 14,213 
Motor vehicles31 31 
103,502 103,334 
Less accumulated depreciation(57,272)(55,654)
$46,230 $47,680 

Depreciation expense was $3,147 and $3,368 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Certain revenue-generating hardware assets are utilized by the Company in the delivery of the Company's airtime services, media and other content.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the long-lived tangible assets related to the Company’s international subsidiaries were less than 10% of the Company’s long-lived tangible assets.

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(9)     Product Warranty

The Company’s products carry standard limited warranties that range from one to two years and vary by product. The warranty period begins on the date of retail purchase or lease by the original purchaser. The Company accrues estimated product warranty costs at the time of sale and any additional amounts are recorded when such costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold or leased, historical and anticipated rates of warranty repairs and the cost per repair. Warranty and related costs are reflected within sales, marketing and support in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had accrued product warranty costs of $726 and $828, respectively.

The following table summarizes product warranty activity during 2024 and 2023:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Beginning balance$828 $1,287 
Charges to expense264 44 
Costs incurred(366)(619)
Ending balance$726 $712 

(10)     Legal Matters
    
    In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to inquiries, legal proceedings and claims including, from time to time, disagreements with vendors and customers. The Company is not a party to any lawsuit or proceeding that, in management's opinion, is likely to materially harm the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.


(11)     Fair Value Measurements

ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820), provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1:    Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets are investments in money market mutual funds.

Level 2:    Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; or observable prices that are based on observable market data, based on directly or indirectly market-corroborated inputs. The Company has no Level 2 assets or liabilities.

Level 3:    Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, and are developed based on the best information available given the circumstances. The Company has no Level 3 assets.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on the valuation techniques identified in the table below.

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The following tables present financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 for which the Company measures fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy:

March 31, 2024TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $55,196 $— $— (a)
December 31, 2023TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $58,477 $— $— (a)
(a)Market approach—prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.
The carrying amount of certain financial instruments approximates fair value due to their short-term, highly liquid nature. These instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The carrying amount of the Company's operating and financing lease liabilities approximates fair value based on currently available quoted rates of similarly structured borrowings.

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company's non-financial assets, such as intangible assets, and other long-lived assets resulting from business combinations, are measured at fair value using income approach valuation methodologies at the date of acquisition and subsequently re-measured if indications of impairment exist. There was no impairment of the Company's non-financial assets noted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023. The Company does not have any liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

(12)     Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with finite lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of intangible assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to its future undiscounted cash flows. If these comparisons indicate that an asset group is not recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its related estimated fair value. The Company has determined that the assets within each of the Company's reporting units (Mobile Broadband (MBB) and KVH Media Group (Media)) are highly interrelated and interdependent on each other to generate revenues, and thus independent cash flows are not identifiable at a level lower than that of these reporting units. Accordingly, the Company's asset groups were determined to be its reporting units (MBB and Media).

The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as follows:
Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2023
$1,194 
Amortization expense(100)
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition10 
Foreign currency translation adjustment1 
Balance at March 31, 2024
$1,105 

Intangible assets arose from the purchase of distribution rights from Kognitive Networks Inc. and the purchase of KVH Industries Norway AS. The assets related to the distribution rights with Kognitive Networks are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 3 years. The assets related to the purchase of KVH Industries Norway AS for acquired intellectual property are fully amortized.

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In January 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of certain subscriber relationships from a third party. This acquisition did not meet the definition of a business under ASC 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805)-Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The Company ascribed $100 of the initial purchase price to the acquired subscriber relationships definite-lived intangible assets with an initial estimated useful life of 10 years. Under the asset purchase agreement, the purchase price includes a component of contingent consideration under which the Company is required to pay a percentage of recurring revenues received from the acquired subscriber relationships through 2026 up to a maximum annual payment of $114. The amounts payable under the contingent consideration arrangement, if any, will be included in the measurement of the cost of the acquired subscriber relationships.

Acquired intangible assets are subject to amortization. The following table summarizes acquired intangible assets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
March 31, 2024
Subscriber relationships$21 $2 $19 
Distribution rights1,250 164 1,086 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,555 $2,450 $1,105 
December 31, 2023
Subscriber relationships$11 $1 $10 
Distribution rights1,250 66 1,184 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,545 $2,351 $1,194 

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $100 and $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense was categorized as general and administrative expense.

As of March 31, 2024, the total weighted average remaining useful lives of the definite-lived intangible assets was 3.0.

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets recorded by the Company at March 31, 2024 is as follows:
Years ending December 31,Amortization
Expense
2024$301 
2025402 
2026402 
Total amortization expense$1,105 

(13)     Revenue from Contracts with Customers

In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised products and services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these products and services.

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Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes net sales from contracts with customers for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20242023
Service - over time$25,038 $28,740 
Product - point in time4,229 5,403 
 Total net sales$29,267 $34,143 
For product sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations is generally transferred to the customer, and associated revenue is recognized, at a point in time. For service sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations is transferred to the customer, and associated revenue is recognized, over time. Revenues for these service agreements are recognized over time using an output method based upon the passage of time, as this provides a faithful depiction of the pattern of transfer of control. The Company's performance is impacted by the levels of activity in the marine and land mobile markets, among other factors. Performance in any particular period could be impacted by the timing of sales to certain large customers.

The Company offers a comprehensive family of mobile satellite antenna services and products that provide access to the Internet, television, and VoIP services while on the move. Product sales accounted for 14% and 16% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Service sales of VSAT Broadband airtime service accounted for 78% and 79% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The balance of service sales is comprised of distribution of commercially licensed entertainment and news, product repairs, and extended warranty sales.

No other single product class accounts for 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales.

The Company operates in a number of major geographic areas, including internationally. Revenues from international locations primarily include Singapore, Canada, South American countries, European Union countries and other European countries, and countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia/Pacific, including India. Revenues are based upon customer location, and revenues from international locations represented 72% and 65% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Sales to Singapore customers represented 22% and 18% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. No other individual foreign country represented 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

Business and Credit Concentrations

Concentrations of risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are generally limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across several geographic areas. Although the Company does not foresee that credit risk associated with these receivables will deviate from historical experience, repayment is dependent upon the financial stability of those individual customers. The Company establishes allowances for credit losses and evaluates, on a monthly basis, the adequacy of those reserves based upon expected losses, historical experience and its expectation for future collectability concerns.

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023. One customer accounted for approximately 20% and 23% of accounts receivable at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. One customer accounted for 61% and 62% of long-term accounts receivable included in other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets related to sales-type leases at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Certain components from third parties used in the Company’s products are procured from single sources of supply. The failure of a supplier, including a subcontractor, to deliver on schedule could delay or interrupt the Company’s delivery of products and thereby materially adversely affect the Company’s revenues and operating results.

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(14)     Income Taxes

The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was (2.5)% compared with 4.7% for the corresponding periods in the prior year. The effective income tax rate is based on estimated income for the year, the estimated composition of the income in different jurisdictions and discrete adjustments, if any, in the applicable periods, including retroactive changes in tax legislation, settlements of tax audits or assessments, and the resolution or identification of tax position uncertainties.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective tax rates differed from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the Company maintaining a valuation allowance reserve on its U.S. deferred tax assets, discrete tax adjustments and the composition of income from foreign jurisdictions taxed at lower rates.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had reserves for uncertain tax positions of $693 and $673, respectively. There were no material changes during the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the Company’s reserve for uncertain tax positions. The Company estimates that it is reasonably possible that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 may decrease $27 in the next twelve months as a result of a lapse of statutes of limitations and settlements with taxing authorities.

The Company’s tax jurisdictions include the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, Cyprus, Norway, Brazil, Singapore, Japan and India. In general, the statute of limitations with respect to the Company's United States federal income taxes has expired for years prior to 2020, and the relevant state and foreign statutes vary. However, preceding years remain open to examination by United States federal and state and foreign taxing authorities to the extent of future utilization of net operating losses and research and development tax credits generated in each preceding year.

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(15)     Leases

Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office facilities, equipment, and satellite service capacity and related equipment. Lease expense was $353 and $452 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Short-term operating lease costs were $19 and $25 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows:

Remainder of 2024$1,023 
2025349 
2026116 
2027110 
2028 and thereafter107 
Total minimum lease payments$1,705 
Less amount representing interest$(96)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments$1,609 
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities$1,211 
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments$398 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)2.00
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases5.50 %

Lessor

The Company enters into leases with certain customers primarily for the TracPhone VSAT systems. These leases are classified as sales-type leases because title to the equipment transfers to the customer at the end of the lease term. The Company records the leases at a price typically equivalent to normal selling price and in excess of the cost or carrying amount. Upon delivery, the Company records the net present value of all payments under these leases as product revenue, and the related costs of the product are charged to cost of sales. Interest income is recognized throughout the lease term (typically three to five years) using an implicit interest rate. The sales-type leases do not have unguaranteed residual assets.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient provided to lessors to combine the lease and non-lease component of a contract where the revenue recognition pattern is the same and where the lease component, when accounted for separately, would be considered an operating lease. The practical expedient also allows a lessor to account for the combined lease and non-lease components under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, when the non-lease component is the predominant element of the combined component.

The current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,284 as of March 31, 2024 and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,269 as of March 31, 2024. The current portion of the net investment in the leases is included in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases is included in other non-current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Interest income from sales-type leases was $129 and $168 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

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The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of March 31, 2024 are:
Remainder of 2024$2,989 
20252,150 
20261,188 
2027658 
2028230 
20299
Total undiscounted cash flows$7,224 
Present value of lease payments$6,553 
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $671 

In 2021, the Company began entering into three-year leases for its TracPhone VSAT systems, in which ownership of the hardware does not transfer to the lessee by the end of the lease term. As a result, and in light of other factors indicated in ASC 842, these leases are classified as operating leases.

As of March 31, 2024, the gross costs and accumulated depreciation associated with these operating leases are included in revenue generating assets and amounted to $1,861 and $975, respectively. They are depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year estimated useful life. Depreciation expense for these assets was $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

Lease revenue recognized was $125 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, in service sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, minimum future lease payments to be recognized on the operating leases are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$217 
202525 
Total $242 

(16)     Restructuring

On February 9, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company voted to implement a staged wind-down of the Company’s manufacturing activities at its facility in Middletown, Rhode Island. The Board made this determination following a strategic review of the Company’s manufacturing operations, driven by reduced demand for the Company’s hardware products in the face of intensifying competition during the third and fourth quarters of 2023. The Board concluded that the Company should discontinue its capital-intensive manufacturing activities and concentrate its efforts on growing sales of its multi-orbit, multi-channel, integrated communications solutions, which in recent years have constituted the largest portion of the Company’s overall revenues.

The Company expects that it will continue its product manufacturing activities for a period of time in order to generate a targeted amount of inventory of maritime satellite connectivity and satellite television terminals to meet anticipated demand and that it will cease substantially all manufacturing activity at the Middletown facility by the end of 2024. The Company expects to continue to facilitate customer transition to third-party hardware products compatible with the Company’s mobile satellite communications services. The Company also plans to continue to conduct maintenance, service, warehousing, shipping and receiving activities at the Middletown location.

As part of this restructuring, the Company will reduce its headcount by approximately 75 employees, or approximately 20% of its total workforce as of the time the Company announced the restructuring. Approximately one-half of the employee terminations have been completed, and the remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2024. Approximately $2.2 million of severance charges were incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company expects to incur aggregate severance charges for this restructuring of approximately $3.3 million, consisting of approximately $3.0 million of cash charges and approximately $0.3 million of non-cash charges arising from pre-existing contractual obligations to accelerate vesting of certain outstanding equity compensation awards.

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ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Introduction

The statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements regarding our future financial results, operating results, business strategies, projected costs, products and services, competitive positions and plans, customer preferences, consumer trends, anticipated product development, and objectives of management for future operations. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Any expectations based on these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other important factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. These and many other factors could affect our future financial and operating results and could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations based on forward-looking statements made in this document or elsewhere by us or on our behalf. For example, our expectations regarding certain items as a percentage of sales assume that we will achieve our anticipated sales goals. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated interim financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this report.

Overview

We are a leading global provider of innovative and technology-driven connectivity solutions to primarily maritime commercial, leisure, and military/government customers. We provide global high-speed Internet and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) services via satellite to mobile users at sea and on land. We are also a leading provider of commercially licensed entertainment, including news, sports, music, and movies, to commercial customers in the maritime and hotel markets, along with supplemental value-added cybersecurity, email, and crew internet services.

We generate a substantial majority of our revenues from sales of satellite Internet airtime services. We provide, for monthly fixed fees and per-usage fees, satellite connectivity encompassing broadband Internet, data and VoIP services, to customers via our global HTS network. In mid-2022, we launched our KVH ONE hybrid network, which integrates global satellite service with KVH-provided cellular service in more than 150 countries, along with shore-based Wi-Fi access. Revenue from our cellular airtime service has increasingly supplemented, and we expect will continue to supplement, our satellite-only airtime revenue. In addition, we earn monthly usage fees from sales of third-party satellite connectivity for VoIP, data and Internet services to our Inmarsat, Iridium, and Starlink customers who choose to activate their subscriptions with us. We expect to earn usage fees from OneWeb service upon the launch of that service in the second quarter of 2024. We also generate service revenue from product repairs and extended warranty sales.

Our service sales also include the distribution of entertainment, including news, sports, music, and movies, to commercial customers in the maritime and hotel markets through KVH Media Group, along with supplemental value-added services.

Historically, we have also offered satellite communications products, but these products have represented a declining percentage of our revenues in recent years. Our satellite-only and hybrid products enable marine customers to receive data, VoIP, and value-added services via satellite, cellular, and shore-based Wi-Fi networks onboard commercial, leisure, and military/government vessels. In addition, our in-motion television terminals permit customers to receive live digital television via regional satellite services in marine vessels, recreational vehicles, buses and automobiles. We sell our products through an extensive international network of dealers and distributors. We also sell and lease products to service providers and end users.

In February 2024, we announced a staged wind-down of our product manufacturing operations at our Middletown, Rhode Island location. The wind-down was driven by reduced demand for our hardware products in the face of intensifying competition in the third and fourth quarters of 2023. We concluded that we should discontinue our capital-intensive manufacturing activities and concentrate our efforts on growing sales of our multi-orbit, multi-channel, integrated communications solutions. We expect that we will continue our product manufacturing activities in order to generate a targeted amount of inventory of maritime satellite connectivity and satellite television terminals to meet anticipated demand and that we will cease substantially all manufacturing activity by the end of 2024. We expect to continue to facilitate customer transition to third-party hardware products compatible with our mobile satellite communications services. We also plan to continue to conduct maintenance, service, warehousing, shipping and receiving activities at the Middletown location.

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As part of this restructuring, we will reduce our headcount by approximately 75 employees, or approximately 20% of our total workforce as of the time we announced the restructuring. Approximately one-half of the employee terminations have been completed, and the remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2024. Approximately $2.2 million of severance charges were incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2024. We expect to incur aggregate severance charges for this restructuring of approximately $3.3 million, consisting of approximately $3.0 million of cash charges and approximately $0.3 million of non-cash charges arising from pre-existing contractual obligations to accelerate vesting of certain outstanding equity compensation awards.

Our marine leisure business has been highly seasonal, and seasonality can also impact our commercial marine business. Temporary suspensions of our airtime services typically increase in the third and fourth quarters of each year as boats are placed out of service during the winter months. Historically, we have generated the majority of our marine leisure product revenues during the first and second quarters of each year, and these revenues typically decline in the third and fourth quarters of each year, compared to the first two quarters.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated interim financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these interim financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure at the date of our interim financial statements. Our significant accounting policies are summarized in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Critical accounting estimates are those estimates made that involve a significant level of estimation uncertainty and have had or are reasonably likely to have an impact on our statement of operations. We believe that our accounting estimates for intangible assets and other long-lived assets are the only estimates critical to an understanding and evaluation of our financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2024, as discussed below.

Results of Operations
The following table provides, for the periods indicated, certain financial data relating to our operations expressed as a percentage of net sales:
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Sales:
Service85.6 %84.2 %
Product14.4 15.8 
Net sales100.0 100.0 
Cost and expenses:
Costs of service sales48.0 47.1 
Costs of product sales18.1 15.6 
Research and development10.4 7.5 
Sales, marketing and support18.4 16.7 
General and administrative18.1 13.6 
Total costs and expenses113.0 100.5 
Loss from operations(13.0)(0.5)
Interest income3.1 2.3 
Other expense, net(0.7)(0.7)
(Loss) income before income tax expense(10.6)1.1 
Income tax expense0.3 0.1 
Net (loss) income(10.9)%1.0 %

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Three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023

Net Sales

Our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:
Change
For the three months ended March 31,2024 vs. 2023
20242023$%
(dollars in thousands)
Service$25,038 $28,740 $(3,702)(13)%
Product 4,229 5,403 (1,174)(22)%
Net sales$29,267 $34,143 $(4,876)(14)%
    
Net sales decreased by $4.9 million, or 14%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023. Service sales decreased by $3.7 million, or 13%, to $25.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $28.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to a $4.1 million decrease in our VSAT service sales driven primarily by a decrease in subscribers, partially offset by a $0.7 million increase in Starlink service sales. Alternative solutions offered by recent low-earth-orbit (LEO) entrants have heightened competition in the global leisure segment and in commercial and government markets.

We expect that the trend of intensifying competition from LEO satellite service providers will continue and that our quarterly revenues from VSAT service sales will continue to decline on a year-over-year basis at least through the end of 2024. It is possible that the rate of reduction will accelerate. A key driver of the anticipated reduction in revenue is an acceleration of the previously disclosed transition by one of our largest customers, the U.S. Coast Guard, of its primary satellite service relationship to Starlink. As a result of the accelerated transition, the anticipated decline in revenue from this customer will occur earlier, reducing the aggregate amount of revenue we expect to receive from this customer in 2024.

Product sales decreased by $1.2 million, or 22%, to $4.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $5.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in product sales was primarily due to a $1.3 million decrease in VSAT Broadband product sales and a $0.8 million decrease in TracVision product sales, partially offset by a $1.4 million increase in Starlink product sales. The decline in product sales was primarily due to a decrease in unit sales volume, particularly in our global leisure segment. Competition from low-cost alternatives to VSAT, which include streaming capabilities, has had a significant impact on sales of both TracVision and VSAT Broadband products in the leisure segment.

Costs of Sales
    
Costs of sales consists of costs of service sales and costs of product sales. Costs of sales decreased by $2.0 million, or 10%, in the three months ended March 31, 2024 to $19.4 million from $21.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in costs of sales was driven by a $2.0 million decrease in costs of service sales and a less than $0.1 million decrease in costs of product sales. As a percentage of net sales, costs of sales were 66% and 63% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Our costs of service sales consist primarily of satellite service capacity, depreciation, service network overhead expense associated with our VSAT Broadband network infrastructure, direct network service labor, product installation costs, media materials and distribution costs, and service repair materials. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, costs of service sales decreased by $2.0 million, or 13%, to $14.0 million from $16.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023, primarily due to a $2.5 million decrease in VSAT Broadband airtime costs of service sales, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in Starlink airtime costs of service sales. As a percentage of service sales, costs of service sales were 56% for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023. We expect that margins on our new reseller arrangements will be lower than current margins on our VSAT Broadband airtime services.

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Our costs of product sales consist primarily of materials, manufacturing overhead, and direct labor used to produce our products. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, costs of product sales remained flat period-over-period at $5.3 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, primarily due to a $1.3 million increase in Starlink cost of product sales, partially offset by a $0.7 million decrease in VSAT Broadband cost of product sales and a $0.6 million decrease in TracVision cost of product sales. As a percentage of product sales, costs of product sales were 126% and 98% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Cost of product sales increased as a percentage of product sales primarily due to unabsorbed expenses driven by the under-utilization of the factory and severance costs for manufacturing employees in the first quarter of 2024.


Operating Expenses
    
Research and development expense consists of direct labor, materials, external consultants, and related overhead costs that support our internally funded product development and product sustaining engineering activities. Research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by $0.5 million, or 18%, to $3.0 million from $2.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in research and development expense resulted primarily from a $0.5 million increase in salaries, benefits and taxes, which was driven by $0.8 million in costs related to the reduction in our workforce beginning in February 2024. As a percentage of net sales, research and development expense was 10% and 8% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Sales, marketing, and support expense consists primarily of salaries and related expenses for sales and marketing personnel, commissions for both in-house and third-party representatives, costs related to the co-development of certain content, other sales and marketing support costs such as advertising, literature and promotional materials, product service personnel and support costs, warranty-related costs and bad debt expense. Sales, marketing and support expense also includes the operating expenses of our sales office subsidiaries in Denmark, Singapore, Brazil, and Japan. Sales, marketing and support expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by $0.3 million, or 6%, to $5.4 million from $5.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease in sales, marketing and support expense resulted primarily from a $0.3 million decrease in salaries, benefits and taxes, excluding costs related to the previously mentioned deduction in workforce, and a $0.2 million decrease in bad debt expense. These decreases were partially offset by $0.3 million in costs related to the reduction in our workforce beginning in February 2024. As a percentage of net sales, sales, marketing and support expense was 18% and 17% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

General and administrative expense consists of costs attributable to management, finance and accounting, information technology, human resources, certain outside professional services, and other administrative costs. General and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 increased by $0.6 million, or 14%, to $5.3 million from $4.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase in general and administrative expense resulted primarily from a $1.2 million increase in salaries, benefits and taxes, which was driven by $0.6 million in costs related to the reduction in our workforce beginning in February 2024 and a $0.5 million reduction in reimbursements made by EMCORE for expenses incurred under the transition services agreement relating to the sale of the inertial navigation business in August 2022. Partially offsetting these items was a $1.0 million decrease in professional fees, related to a decrease in legal fees, as well as additional accounting and consulting costs incurred during the three months ended March 31, 2023 to prepare our 2022 annual filings. As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expense was 18% and 14% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Interest and Other Expense, Net
    
Interest income increased by $0.1 million to $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. Of the current period interest income of $0.9 million, $0.8 million is attributable to interest earned on cash and cash equivalents, and the remaining $0.1 million was attributable to interest from lease receivables. Other expense, net remained flat at $0.2 million for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $0.1 million and less than $0.1 million, respectively, and related to taxes on income earned in foreign jurisdictions.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary liquidity needs have been to fund general business requirements, including working capital requirements and capital expenditures. In recent years, we have funded our operations primarily from the sale of two businesses in 2022, the sale of a business in 2019, a PPP loan, cash flows from operations, bank financings and proceeds received from exercises of stock options and the issuance of stock.

On August 9, 2022, we sold our inertial navigation business to EMCORE Corporation for net proceeds of $54.9 million, less specified deductions.

As of March 31, 2024, we had $66.6 million in cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities, of which $3.7 million in cash and cash equivalents was held in local currencies by our foreign subsidiaries. Our foreign subsidiaries held no marketable securities as of March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024, we had $93.0 million in working capital.

Based upon our current working capital position, current operating plans and expected business conditions, we expect to have sufficient funds, through at least twelve months from the date that this report is filed with the SEC, to fund our short-term and long-term working capital requirements, including capital expenditures and contractual obligations. Our funding plans for our working capital needs and other commitments may be adversely impacted if our underlying assumptions regarding our anticipated revenues and expenses are not realized. If our operating results fail to meet our expectations, we could be required to seek additional funding through public or private financings or other arrangements. In that event, adequate funds may not be available when needed or may be available only on terms which could have a negative impact on our business and results of operations. In addition, if we raise funds by issuing equity securities, our stockholders may experience dilution.

Net cash used in operations was $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to net cash used in operations of $6.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The $6.0 million decrease in net cash used in operations was primarily the result of a $17.3 million decrease in cash outflows related to accounts payable, a $1.1 million decrease in cash outflows relating to inventories, a change of $0.6 million related to non-cash items and a $0.2 million decrease in cash outflows relating to prepaid expenses and other current assets, partially offset by an $8.5 million increase in cash outflows relating to accrued compensation, product warranty and other expenses, a $3.5 million increase in net loss, and a $1.1 million decrease in cash inflows relating to accounts receivable.

Net cash provided by investing activities was $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The $3.6 million change in net cash provided by investing activities was primarily the result of a $3.9 million decrease in net investment in marketable securities, partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in capital expenditures.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The $0.7 million decrease in net cash provided by financing activities is primarily attributable to a $0.9 million decrease in cash inflows relating to proceeds from the exercise of stock options and purchases under our employee stock purchase plan, partially offset by a $0.2 million decrease in cash outflows related to the repurchase of common stock to satisfy specific tax withholding obligations arising from accelerated vesting of executive stock grants in 2023.

ITEM 4.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2024, the end of the period covered by this interim report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2024.

25

Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, our management has evaluated changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the first quarter of 2024. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer did not identify any change in our internal control over financial reporting during the first quarter of 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Important Considerations

The effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Moreover, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time. Because of these limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will be successful in preventing all errors or fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS
Exhibits:
 
Exhibit
No.		DescriptionFiled with
this Form 10-Q		Incorporated by Reference
FormFiling DateExhibit No.
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended10-QAugust 6, 20103.1
Certificate of Designations of Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock of KVH Industries, Inc. classifying and designating the Series A Junior Participating Cumulative Preferred Stock8-AAugust 19, 20223.1
Amended and Restated Bylaws10-QNovember 1, 20173.2
Specimen certificate for the common stock10-KMarch 2, 20184.1
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of principal executive officerX
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of principal financial officerX
Section 1350 certification of principal executive officer and principal financial officerX
101 
The following financial information from KVH Industries, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited), (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited), (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (unaudited), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (unaudited), (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited), and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Interim Financial Statements (unaudited).
X
104 
Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
X
27

SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Date: May 6, 2024
KVH Industries, Inc.
By:/s/ ANTHONY F. PIKE
Anthony F. Pike
(Duly Authorized Officer and Chief Financial
Officer)
28

Exhibit 31.1
Certification of Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Brent C. Bruun, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of KVH Industries, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2024
/s/ Brent C. Bruun
Brent C. Bruun
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director




Exhibit 31.2
Certification of Principal Financial Officer
Pursuant to Rule 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as Adopted Pursuant to
Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
I, Anthony F. Pike, certify that:
1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of KVH Industries, Inc.;
2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
4.The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and
5.The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 6, 2024
/s/ Anthony F. Pike
Anthony F. Pike
Chief Financial Officer




Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. §1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of KVH Industries, Inc. (the “Company”) for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), each of the undersigned President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certifies, to his best knowledge and belief, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1.The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Act of 1934; and
2.The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
/s/ Brent C. Bruun/s/ Anthony F. Pike
Brent C. BruunAnthony F. Pike
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Chief Financial Officer
Date:
May 6, 2024
Date:
May 6, 2024



v3.24.1.u1
Cover Page - shares
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
May 01, 2024
Cover [Abstract]    
Document Type 10-Q  
Document Quarterly Report true  
Document Period End Date Mar. 31, 2024  
Document Transition Report false  
Entity File Number 0-28082  
Entity Registrant Name KVH Industries, Inc.  
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code DE  
Entity Tax Identification Number 05-0420589  
Entity Address, Address Line One 50 Enterprise Center  
Entity Address, City or Town Middletown  
Entity Address, State or Province RI  
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code 02842  
City Area Code 401  
Local Phone Number 847-3327  
Title of 12(b) Security Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share  
Trading Symbol KVHI  
Security Exchange Name NASDAQ  
Entity Current Reporting Status Yes  
Entity Interactive Data Current Yes  
Entity Filer Category Accelerated Filer  
Entity Small Business true  
Entity Emerging Growth Company false  
Entity Shell Company false  
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding   19,716,221
Entity Central Index Key 0001007587  
Amendment Flag false  
Document Fiscal Year Focus 2024  
Document Fiscal Period Focus Q1  
Current Fiscal Year End Date --12-31  
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $ 11,441 $ 11,294
Marketable securities 55,196 58,477
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $1,138 and $1,168 as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively 25,965 25,670
Inventories 19,089 19,046
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,224 4,331
Total current assets 115,915 118,818
Property and equipment, net 46,230 47,680
Intangible assets, net 1,105 1,194
Right of use assets 1,621 1,068
Other non-current assets 3,270 3,618
Deferred income tax asset 221 256
Total assets 168,362 172,634
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable 6,945 4,780
Accrued airtime 1,105 5,508
Accrued compensation and employee-related expenses 4,567 4,466
Accrued loss on future firm purchase commitments 3,569 3,569
Accrued other 1,912 2,588
Accrued product warranty costs 726 828
Deferred revenue 2,167 1,774
Current operating lease liability 1,211 786
Liability for uncertain tax positions 693 673
Total current liabilities 22,895 24,972
Long-term operating lease liability 398 289
Deferred income tax liability 2 1
Total liabilities 23,295 25,262
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 2, 10, and 15)
Stockholders’ equity:    
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 1,000,000 shares; none issued 0 0
Common stock, $0.01 par value. Authorized 30,000,000 shares; 21,205,364 and 21,066,899 shares issued at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; and 19,749,255 and 19,610,790 shares outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively 212 211
Additional paid-in capital 165,768 165,140
Accumulated deficit (4,867) (1,704)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (3,956) (4,185)
Total stockholders equity before treasury stock adjustment 157,157 159,462
Less: treasury stock at cost, common stock, 1,456,109 and 1,456,109 shares as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. (12,090) (12,090)
Total stockholders’ equity 145,067 147,372
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 168,362 $ 172,634
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]    
Allowance for doubtful accounts $ 1,138 $ 1,168
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares) 1,000,000 1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) 0 0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) $ 0.01 $ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares) 30,000,000 30,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares) 21,205,364 21,066,899
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares) 19,749,255 19,610,790
Treasury stock at cost, outstanding (in shares) 1,456,109 1,456,109
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Sales:    
Net sales $ 29,267 $ 34,143
Costs and expenses:    
Research and development 3,038 2,565
Sales, marketing and support 5,384 5,708
General and administrative 5,291 4,650
Total costs and expenses 33,065 34,312
Loss from operations (3,798) (169)
Interest income 911 778
Other expense, net (198) (224)
(Loss) income before income tax expense (3,085) 385
Income tax expense 78 18
Net (loss) income $ (3,163) $ 367
Net (loss) income per common share    
Basic (in dollars per share) $ (0.16) $ 0.02
Diluted (in dollars per share) $ (0.16) $ 0.02
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:    
Basic (in shares) 19,286 18,882
Diluted (in shares) 19,286 19,035
Service    
Sales:    
Net sales $ 25,038 $ 28,740
Costs and expenses:    
Cost of product and service sales 14,044 16,076
Product    
Sales:    
Net sales 4,229 5,403
Costs and expenses:    
Cost of product and service sales $ 5,308 $ 5,313
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]    
Net (loss) income $ (3,163) $ 367
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:    
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities 0 13
Foreign currency translation adjustment 229 66
Other comprehensive income, net of tax [1] 229 79
Total comprehensive (loss) income $ (2,934) $ 446
[1] Tax impact was nominal for all periods.
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Total
Common Stock
Additional Paid-in Capital
Retained Earnings
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Treasury Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022   20,631,000        
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022 $ 158,438 $ 206 $ 160,475 $ 13,718 $ (4,110) $ (11,851)
Beginning balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022           (1,433,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Net (loss) income 367     367    
Other comprehensive income 79 [1]       79  
Stock-based compensation 296   296      
Acquisition of treasury stock (in shares)           (23,000)
Acquisition of treasury stock (239)         $ (239)
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures (in shares)   195,000        
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures 1,010 $ 2 1,008      
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023   20,826,000        
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023 $ 159,951 $ 208 161,779 14,085 (4,031) $ (12,090)
Ending balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023           (1,456,000)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 19,610,790 21,067,000        
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023 $ 147,372 $ 211 165,140 (1,704) (4,185) $ (12,090)
Beginning balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023 (1,456,109)         (1,456,000)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]            
Net (loss) income $ (3,163)     (3,163)    
Other comprehensive income 229 [1]       229  
Stock-based compensation 522   522      
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan (in shares)   24,000        
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan 95   95      
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures (in shares)   114,000        
Exercise of stock options and issuance of restricted stock awards, net of forfeitures $ 12 $ 1 11      
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024 19,749,255 21,205,000        
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024 $ 145,067 $ 212 $ 165,768 $ (4,867) $ (3,956) $ (12,090)
Ending balance, treasury stock (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024 (1,456,109)         (1,456,000)
[1] Tax impact was nominal for all periods.
v3.24.1.u1
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net (loss) income $ (3,163) $ 367
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:    
Provision for credit losses 54 280
Depreciation and amortization 3,247 3,461
Deferred income taxes 36 1
Loss on disposals of fixed assets 683 146
Compensation expense related to stock-based awards and employee stock purchase plan 522 296
Unrealized currency translation loss (gain) 241 (1)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:    
Accounts receivable (355) 776
Inventories (44) (1,155)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 100 (111)
Other non-current assets 328 312
Accounts payable 2,184 (15,077)
Deferred revenue 400 460
Accrued compensation, product warranty and other (5,025) 3,466
Net cash used in operating activities (792) (6,779)
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Capital expenditures (2,399) (2,103)
Cash paid for acquisition of intangible asset (10) (12)
Purchases of marketable securities (720) (16,010)
Maturities and sales of marketable securities 4,000 15,422
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 871 (2,703)
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Proceeds from stock options exercised and employee stock purchase plan 96 1,022
Purchase of treasury stock 0 (239)
Payment of finance lease 0 (22)
Net cash provided by financing activities 96 761
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (28) 40
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 147 (8,681)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 11,294 21,056
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 11,441 12,375
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:    
Changes in accrued other and accounts payable related to property and equipment additions $ 5 $ 119
v3.24.1.u1
Description of Business
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]  
Description of Business Description of Business
KVH Industries, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the Company or KVH) designs, develops, manufactures and markets mobile connectivity services and products for the marine and land markets.

KVH’s service sales primarily represent revenue earned from satellite Internet airtime services. KVH provides, for monthly fixed and per-usage fees, satellite connectivity encompassing broadband Internet and VoIP services, to its TracNet H-series and TracPhone V-HTS series customers via KVH’s global high-throughput satellite (HTS) network. Revenue from our cellular airtime service increasingly supplements KVH’s satellite-only airtime revenue following the July 2022 launch of the KVH ONE hybrid network and TracNet H-series terminals. This service and product combination integrates global satellite service with KVH-provided cellular service in more than 150 countries, along with shore-based Wi-Fi access. The May 2023 introduction of the KVH ONE OpenNet Program expanded access to KVH's global HTS network and airtime services to non-KVH terminals for the first time.

AgilePlans, KVH’s connectivity as a service offering, is a monthly subscription model that provides global connectivity to commercial maritime customers. The subscription includes the choice of satellite-only and hybrid terminals, airtime data service, VoIP, daily news, subsidized shipping and installation, and global support for a monthly fee with no minimum contract commitment. KVH offers AgilePlans subscribers a variety of airtime data plans with varying data speeds and fixed data usage levels with per megabyte overage charges. These airtime plans are similar to those the Company offers to customers who elect to purchase or lease a TracNet H-series or TracPhone V-HTS series terminal.

The Company recognizes the monthly AgilePlans subscription fee as service revenue over the service delivery period. The Company retains ownership of the hardware it provides to AgilePlans customers, who must return the hardware to KVH if they decide to terminate the service. Because KVH does not sell the hardware under AgilePlans, the Company does not recognize any product revenue when the hardware is deployed to an AgilePlans customer. KVH records the cost of the hardware used by AgilePlans customers as revenue-generating assets and depreciates the cost over an estimated useful life of five years. Since the Company is retaining ownership of the hardware, it does not accrue any warranty costs for AgilePlans hardware; however, any maintenance costs on the hardware are expensed in the period these costs are incurred.

Service sales also include the distribution of commercially licensed entertainment, including news, sports, and movies to commercial customers in the maritime and hotel markets through the KVH Media Group, along with supplemental value-added cybersecurity, email, and crew internet services. In addition, KVH earns monthly usage fees from third-party satellite connectivity services, including VoIP, data and Internet services, provided to its Inmarsat and Iridium customers who choose to activate their subscriptions with KVH. Service sales also include sales from product repairs and extended warranty sales.

KVH’s satellite-only and hybrid products enable marine customers to receive data, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and value-added services via satellite, cellular, and shore-based Wi-Fi networks onboard commercial, leisure, and military/government vessels. In addition, the Company’s in-motion television terminals permit customers to receive live digital television via regional satellite services in marine vessels, recreational vehicles, buses and automobiles. KVH sells its products through an extensive international network of dealers and distributors. KVH also sells and leases products to service providers and end users.

KVH's marine leisure business is highly seasonal, and seasonality can also impact the Company's commercial marine business, although typically to a lesser degree. Temporary suspensions of the Company's airtime services typically increase in the fourth and first quarters of each year as boats are placed out of service during the winter months. Historically, the Company has generated the majority of its marine leisure product revenues during the first and second quarters of each year, and these revenues typically decline in the third and fourth quarters of each year, compared to the first two quarters.

In February 2024, the Company announced a staged wind-down of its product manufacturing operations at its Middletown, Rhode Island location. The Company expects that it will continue its product manufacturing activities in order to generate a targeted amount of inventory of maritime satellite connectivity and satellite television terminals to meet anticipated demand and that it will cease substantially all manufacturing activity by the end of 2024. The Company expects to continue to facilitate customer transition to third-party hardware products compatible with its mobile satellite communications services.
v3.24.1.u1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
2023 10-K - Revision for Correction of Immaterial Errors

As stated in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed on March 15, 2024, the Company corrected for errors that were immaterial to its previously reported consolidated financial statements. These errors were identified in connection with the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, and related primarily to the adoption and implementation of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) on January 1, 2018, specifically, the assessment of performance obligations associated with the sales of antennas and airtime-related equipment. The Company evaluated the materiality of these errors both qualitatively and quantitatively in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, and determined that the effect of these corrections was not material to the previously issued financial statements. Therefore, the amounts in the previous period have been revised to reflect the correction of these errors.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements of KVH Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through the date of this filing. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The consolidated interim financial statements have not been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. These consolidated interim financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with annual financial statements and accordingly should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed on March 15, 2024 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the remainder of the year.

Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting periods. The estimates and assumptions used by management affect the Company’s revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, expected future cash flows (including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill), estimated fair values of long-lived assets (including goodwill, amortization methods and amortization periods), certain accrued expenses and other related charges, stock-based compensation, contingent liabilities, forfeitures and key valuation assumptions for its share-based awards, estimated fulfillment costs for warranty obligations, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance, and the valuation of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in Denmark, Singapore and Cyprus are maintained using the United States dollar as the functional currency. Exchange rates in effect on the date of the transaction are used to record monetary assets and liabilities. Revenue and other expense elements are recorded at rates that approximate the rates in effect on the transaction dates. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are recognized within “other expense, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded net foreign currency exchange losses, which are comprised of both realized and unrealized foreign currency exchange gains and losses, in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations of $(21) and $(54) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in the United Kingdom, Brazil, Norway, India and Japan use the foreign subsidiaries’ respective local currencies as the functional currency. The Company translates the assets and liabilities of these foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Net sales, costs and expenses are translated using average exchange rates in effect during the period. Gains and losses from foreign currency translation are credited or charged to accumulated other comprehensive loss included in stockholders' equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
v3.24.1.u1
Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted
There are no recent accounting pronouncements that have been issued by the FASB, that are not yet effective and that the Company expects would have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
v3.24.1.u1
Marketable Securities
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Marketable Securities [Abstract]  
Marketable Securities Marketable Securities
Marketable securities as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following:
March 31, 2024Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
 
December 31, 2023Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $— $— $58,477 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$58,477 $— $— $58,477 

Interest income from marketable securities was $720 and $588 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Stockholder's Equity Stockholder's Equity
(a) Stock Equity and Incentive Plan
The Company recognizes stock-based compensation in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. On June 8, 2022, at the Company's 2022 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, the stockholders of the Company approved an amendment and restatement of the Company’s current equity compensation plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the plan by 1,280 shares, from 4,800 shares to 6,080 shares (excluding rollover shares). Stock-based compensation expense was $517 and $284, excluding $5 and $12 of compensation expense related to our Amended and Restated 1996 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, or the ESPP, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. As of March 31, 2024, there was $1,918 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.68 years. As of March 31, 2024, there was $2,399 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.65 years.
Stock Options

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, no shares of common stock were issued upon the exercise of stock options. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, 266 stock options were granted and 14 stock options expired, were canceled or were forfeited. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, 317 stock options were granted. The Company has historically estimated the fair value of each option grant on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The weighted average assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20242023
Risk-free interest rate4.36 %4.49 %
Expected volatility48.63 %43.93 %
Expected life (in years)4.324.30
Dividend yield0 %0 %

As of March 31, 2024, there were 1,482 options outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $8.75 per share and 641 options exercisable with a weighted average exercise price of $9.86 per share.

Restricted Stock

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, 122 shares of restricted stock were granted with a weighted average grant date fair value of $5.03 per share and 8 shares of restricted stock were forfeited. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, 66 shares of restricted stock vested, of which no shares of common stock were surrendered to the Company as payment by employees in lieu of cash to satisfy minimum tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of restricted stock.

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had no unvested outstanding options and no outstanding shares of restricted stock that were subject to performance-based or market-based vesting conditions.

(b) Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company's ESPP affords eligible employees the right to purchase common stock, via payroll deductions, through various offering periods at a purchase price equal to 85% of the fair market value of the common stock on the first or last day of the offering period, whichever is lower. During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, 24 and 0 shares were issued under the ESPP plan, respectively. The Company recorded compensation charges related to the ESPP of $5 and $12 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

(c) Stock-Based Compensation Expense
The following table presents stock-based compensation expense, including expense for the ESPP, in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Cost of service sales$7 $4 
Cost of product sales9 7 
Research and development89 88 
Sales, marketing and support71 38 
General and administrative346 159 
$522 $296 
(d) Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (AOCL)

Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income (loss), unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency translation, and unrealized gains and losses on available for sale marketable securities. The components of the Company’s comprehensive income (loss) and the effect on earnings for the periods presented are detailed in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive (loss) income.
The balances for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2023$(4,185)$— $(4,185)
Other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Net other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Balance, March 31, 2024$(3,956)$— $(3,956)

Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2022$(4,098)$(12)$(4,110)
Other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Net other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Balance, March 31, 2023$(4,032)$1 $(4,031)
v3.24.1.u1
Net (Loss) Income per Common Share
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Net (Loss) Income per Common Share Net (Loss) Income per Common Share
    Basic net (loss) income per share is calculated based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per share incorporates the dilutive effect of common stock equivalent options, warrants and other convertible securities, if any, as determined with the treasury stock accounting method. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, since there was a net loss, the Company excluded 1,584 shares underlying outstanding stock options and non-vested restricted shares from its diluted loss per share calculation, as inclusion of these convertible securities would have reduced the net loss per share.

A reconciliation of the basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic19,286 18,882 
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans— 153 
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted19,286 19,035 
v3.24.1.u1
Inventories
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
Inventories Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in first-out costing method. Inventories as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include the costs of material, labor, and factory overhead. Components of inventories consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$11,547 $11,352 
Work in process3,310 2,617 
Finished goods4,232 5,077 
$19,089 $19,046 
v3.24.1.u1
Property and Equipment
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Land$2,833 $2,833 
Building and improvements18,839 18,839 
Leasehold improvements442 445 
Machinery and equipment6,001 5,989 
Revenue-generating assets60,425 60,984 
Office and computer equipment14,931 14,213 
Motor vehicles31 31 
103,502 103,334 
Less accumulated depreciation(57,272)(55,654)
$46,230 $47,680 

Depreciation expense was $3,147 and $3,368 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Certain revenue-generating hardware assets are utilized by the Company in the delivery of the Company's airtime services, media and other content.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the long-lived tangible assets related to the Company’s international subsidiaries were less than 10% of the Company’s long-lived tangible assets.
v3.24.1.u1
Product Warranty
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]  
Product Warranty Product Warranty
The Company’s products carry standard limited warranties that range from one to two years and vary by product. The warranty period begins on the date of retail purchase or lease by the original purchaser. The Company accrues estimated product warranty costs at the time of sale and any additional amounts are recorded when such costs are probable and can be reasonably estimated. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include the number of units sold or leased, historical and anticipated rates of warranty repairs and the cost per repair. Warranty and related costs are reflected within sales, marketing and support in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had accrued product warranty costs of $726 and $828, respectively.

The following table summarizes product warranty activity during 2024 and 2023:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Beginning balance$828 $1,287 
Charges to expense264 44 
Costs incurred(366)(619)
Ending balance$726 $712 
v3.24.1.u1
Legal Matters
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Legal Matters Legal Matters
    
    In the ordinary course of business, the Company is a party to inquiries, legal proceedings and claims including, from time to time, disagreements with vendors and customers. The Company is not a party to any lawsuit or proceeding that, in management's opinion, is likely to materially harm the Company's business, results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820), provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1:    Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets are investments in money market mutual funds.

Level 2:    Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; or observable prices that are based on observable market data, based on directly or indirectly market-corroborated inputs. The Company has no Level 2 assets or liabilities.

Level 3:    Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, and are developed based on the best information available given the circumstances. The Company has no Level 3 assets.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on the valuation techniques identified in the table below.
The following tables present financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 for which the Company measures fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy:

March 31, 2024TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $55,196 $— $— (a)
December 31, 2023TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $58,477 $— $— (a)
(a)Market approach—prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.
The carrying amount of certain financial instruments approximates fair value due to their short-term, highly liquid nature. These instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses. The carrying amount of the Company's operating and financing lease liabilities approximates fair value based on currently available quoted rates of similarly structured borrowings.

Assets Measured and Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company's non-financial assets, such as intangible assets, and other long-lived assets resulting from business combinations, are measured at fair value using income approach valuation methodologies at the date of acquisition and subsequently re-measured if indications of impairment exist. There was no impairment of the Company's non-financial assets noted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023. The Company does not have any liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis.
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with finite lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset group may not be recoverable. Recoverability of intangible assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to its future undiscounted cash flows. If these comparisons indicate that an asset group is not recoverable, the Company will recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset group exceeds its related estimated fair value. The Company has determined that the assets within each of the Company's reporting units (Mobile Broadband (MBB) and KVH Media Group (Media)) are highly interrelated and interdependent on each other to generate revenues, and thus independent cash flows are not identifiable at a level lower than that of these reporting units. Accordingly, the Company's asset groups were determined to be its reporting units (MBB and Media).

The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as follows:
Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2023
$1,194 
Amortization expense(100)
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition10 
Foreign currency translation adjustment1 
Balance at March 31, 2024
$1,105 

Intangible assets arose from the purchase of distribution rights from Kognitive Networks Inc. and the purchase of KVH Industries Norway AS. The assets related to the distribution rights with Kognitive Networks are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of 3 years. The assets related to the purchase of KVH Industries Norway AS for acquired intellectual property are fully amortized.
In January 2017, the Company completed the acquisition of certain subscriber relationships from a third party. This acquisition did not meet the definition of a business under ASC 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805)-Clarifying the Definition of a Business. The Company ascribed $100 of the initial purchase price to the acquired subscriber relationships definite-lived intangible assets with an initial estimated useful life of 10 years. Under the asset purchase agreement, the purchase price includes a component of contingent consideration under which the Company is required to pay a percentage of recurring revenues received from the acquired subscriber relationships through 2026 up to a maximum annual payment of $114. The amounts payable under the contingent consideration arrangement, if any, will be included in the measurement of the cost of the acquired subscriber relationships.

Acquired intangible assets are subject to amortization. The following table summarizes acquired intangible assets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
March 31, 2024
Subscriber relationships$21 $2 $19 
Distribution rights1,250 164 1,086 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,555 $2,450 $1,105 
December 31, 2023
Subscriber relationships$11 $1 $10 
Distribution rights1,250 66 1,184 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,545 $2,351 $1,194 

Amortization expense related to intangible assets was $100 and $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Amortization expense was categorized as general and administrative expense.

As of March 31, 2024, the total weighted average remaining useful lives of the definite-lived intangible assets was 3.0.

Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets recorded by the Company at March 31, 2024 is as follows:
Years ending December 31,Amortization
Expense
2024$301 
2025402 
2026402 
Total amortization expense$1,105 
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue from Contracts with Customers Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In accordance with ASC 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised products and services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these products and services.
Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes net sales from contracts with customers for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20242023
Service - over time$25,038 $28,740 
Product - point in time4,229 5,403 
 Total net sales$29,267 $34,143 
For product sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations is generally transferred to the customer, and associated revenue is recognized, at a point in time. For service sales, the delivery of the Company’s performance obligations is transferred to the customer, and associated revenue is recognized, over time. Revenues for these service agreements are recognized over time using an output method based upon the passage of time, as this provides a faithful depiction of the pattern of transfer of control. The Company's performance is impacted by the levels of activity in the marine and land mobile markets, among other factors. Performance in any particular period could be impacted by the timing of sales to certain large customers.

The Company offers a comprehensive family of mobile satellite antenna services and products that provide access to the Internet, television, and VoIP services while on the move. Product sales accounted for 14% and 16% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Service sales of VSAT Broadband airtime service accounted for 78% and 79% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The balance of service sales is comprised of distribution of commercially licensed entertainment and news, product repairs, and extended warranty sales.

No other single product class accounts for 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales.

The Company operates in a number of major geographic areas, including internationally. Revenues from international locations primarily include Singapore, Canada, South American countries, European Union countries and other European countries, and countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia/Pacific, including India. Revenues are based upon customer location, and revenues from international locations represented 72% and 65% of consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Sales to Singapore customers represented 22% and 18% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. No other individual foreign country represented 10% or more of the Company's consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023.

Business and Credit Concentrations

Concentrations of risk with respect to trade accounts receivable are generally limited due to the large number of customers and their dispersion across several geographic areas. Although the Company does not foresee that credit risk associated with these receivables will deviate from historical experience, repayment is dependent upon the financial stability of those individual customers. The Company establishes allowances for credit losses and evaluates, on a monthly basis, the adequacy of those reserves based upon expected losses, historical experience and its expectation for future collectability concerns.

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2024 or 2023. One customer accounted for approximately 20% and 23% of accounts receivable at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. One customer accounted for 61% and 62% of long-term accounts receivable included in other non-current assets on the consolidated balance sheets related to sales-type leases at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Certain components from third parties used in the Company’s products are procured from single sources of supply. The failure of a supplier, including a subcontractor, to deliver on schedule could delay or interrupt the Company’s delivery of products and thereby materially adversely affect the Company’s revenues and operating results.
v3.24.1.u1
Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 was (2.5)% compared with 4.7% for the corresponding periods in the prior year. The effective income tax rate is based on estimated income for the year, the estimated composition of the income in different jurisdictions and discrete adjustments, if any, in the applicable periods, including retroactive changes in tax legislation, settlements of tax audits or assessments, and the resolution or identification of tax position uncertainties.

For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, the effective tax rates differed from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the Company maintaining a valuation allowance reserve on its U.S. deferred tax assets, discrete tax adjustments and the composition of income from foreign jurisdictions taxed at lower rates.

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had reserves for uncertain tax positions of $693 and $673, respectively. There were no material changes during the three months ended March 31, 2024 to the Company’s reserve for uncertain tax positions. The Company estimates that it is reasonably possible that the balance of unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 may decrease $27 in the next twelve months as a result of a lapse of statutes of limitations and settlements with taxing authorities.

The Company’s tax jurisdictions include the United States, the United Kingdom, Denmark, Cyprus, Norway, Brazil, Singapore, Japan and India. In general, the statute of limitations with respect to the Company's United States federal income taxes has expired for years prior to 2020, and the relevant state and foreign statutes vary. However, preceding years remain open to examination by United States federal and state and foreign taxing authorities to the extent of future utilization of net operating losses and research and development tax credits generated in each preceding year.
v3.24.1.u1
Leases
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office facilities, equipment, and satellite service capacity and related equipment. Lease expense was $353 and $452 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Short-term operating lease costs were $19 and $25 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows:

Remainder of 2024$1,023 
2025349 
2026116 
2027110 
2028 and thereafter107 
Total minimum lease payments$1,705 
Less amount representing interest$(96)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments$1,609 
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities$1,211 
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments$398 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)2.00
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases5.50 %

Lessor

The Company enters into leases with certain customers primarily for the TracPhone VSAT systems. These leases are classified as sales-type leases because title to the equipment transfers to the customer at the end of the lease term. The Company records the leases at a price typically equivalent to normal selling price and in excess of the cost or carrying amount. Upon delivery, the Company records the net present value of all payments under these leases as product revenue, and the related costs of the product are charged to cost of sales. Interest income is recognized throughout the lease term (typically three to five years) using an implicit interest rate. The sales-type leases do not have unguaranteed residual assets.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient provided to lessors to combine the lease and non-lease component of a contract where the revenue recognition pattern is the same and where the lease component, when accounted for separately, would be considered an operating lease. The practical expedient also allows a lessor to account for the combined lease and non-lease components under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, when the non-lease component is the predominant element of the combined component.

The current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,284 as of March 31, 2024 and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,269 as of March 31, 2024. The current portion of the net investment in the leases is included in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases is included in other non-current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Interest income from sales-type leases was $129 and $168 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of March 31, 2024 are:
Remainder of 2024$2,989 
20252,150 
20261,188 
2027658 
2028230 
20299
Total undiscounted cash flows$7,224 
Present value of lease payments$6,553 
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $671 

In 2021, the Company began entering into three-year leases for its TracPhone VSAT systems, in which ownership of the hardware does not transfer to the lessee by the end of the lease term. As a result, and in light of other factors indicated in ASC 842, these leases are classified as operating leases.

As of March 31, 2024, the gross costs and accumulated depreciation associated with these operating leases are included in revenue generating assets and amounted to $1,861 and $975, respectively. They are depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year estimated useful life. Depreciation expense for these assets was $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

Lease revenue recognized was $125 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, in service sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, minimum future lease payments to be recognized on the operating leases are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$217 
202525 
Total $242 
Leases Leases
Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office facilities, equipment, and satellite service capacity and related equipment. Lease expense was $353 and $452 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Short-term operating lease costs were $19 and $25 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows:

Remainder of 2024$1,023 
2025349 
2026116 
2027110 
2028 and thereafter107 
Total minimum lease payments$1,705 
Less amount representing interest$(96)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments$1,609 
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities$1,211 
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments$398 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)2.00
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases5.50 %

Lessor

The Company enters into leases with certain customers primarily for the TracPhone VSAT systems. These leases are classified as sales-type leases because title to the equipment transfers to the customer at the end of the lease term. The Company records the leases at a price typically equivalent to normal selling price and in excess of the cost or carrying amount. Upon delivery, the Company records the net present value of all payments under these leases as product revenue, and the related costs of the product are charged to cost of sales. Interest income is recognized throughout the lease term (typically three to five years) using an implicit interest rate. The sales-type leases do not have unguaranteed residual assets.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient provided to lessors to combine the lease and non-lease component of a contract where the revenue recognition pattern is the same and where the lease component, when accounted for separately, would be considered an operating lease. The practical expedient also allows a lessor to account for the combined lease and non-lease components under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, when the non-lease component is the predominant element of the combined component.

The current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,284 as of March 31, 2024 and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,269 as of March 31, 2024. The current portion of the net investment in the leases is included in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases is included in other non-current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Interest income from sales-type leases was $129 and $168 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of March 31, 2024 are:
Remainder of 2024$2,989 
20252,150 
20261,188 
2027658 
2028230 
20299
Total undiscounted cash flows$7,224 
Present value of lease payments$6,553 
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $671 

In 2021, the Company began entering into three-year leases for its TracPhone VSAT systems, in which ownership of the hardware does not transfer to the lessee by the end of the lease term. As a result, and in light of other factors indicated in ASC 842, these leases are classified as operating leases.

As of March 31, 2024, the gross costs and accumulated depreciation associated with these operating leases are included in revenue generating assets and amounted to $1,861 and $975, respectively. They are depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year estimated useful life. Depreciation expense for these assets was $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

Lease revenue recognized was $125 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, in service sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, minimum future lease payments to be recognized on the operating leases are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$217 
202525 
Total $242 
Leases Leases
Lessee

The Company has operating leases for office facilities, equipment, and satellite service capacity and related equipment. Lease expense was $353 and $452 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Short-term operating lease costs were $19 and $25 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows:

Remainder of 2024$1,023 
2025349 
2026116 
2027110 
2028 and thereafter107 
Total minimum lease payments$1,705 
Less amount representing interest$(96)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments$1,609 
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities$1,211 
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments$398 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)2.00
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases5.50 %

Lessor

The Company enters into leases with certain customers primarily for the TracPhone VSAT systems. These leases are classified as sales-type leases because title to the equipment transfers to the customer at the end of the lease term. The Company records the leases at a price typically equivalent to normal selling price and in excess of the cost or carrying amount. Upon delivery, the Company records the net present value of all payments under these leases as product revenue, and the related costs of the product are charged to cost of sales. Interest income is recognized throughout the lease term (typically three to five years) using an implicit interest rate. The sales-type leases do not have unguaranteed residual assets.

Upon adoption of ASC 842, the Company elected to apply the practical expedient provided to lessors to combine the lease and non-lease component of a contract where the revenue recognition pattern is the same and where the lease component, when accounted for separately, would be considered an operating lease. The practical expedient also allows a lessor to account for the combined lease and non-lease components under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, when the non-lease component is the predominant element of the combined component.

The current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,284 as of March 31, 2024 and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases was $3,269 as of March 31, 2024. The current portion of the net investment in the leases is included in accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the non-current portion of the net investment in these leases is included in other non-current assets on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Interest income from sales-type leases was $129 and $168 during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of March 31, 2024 are:
Remainder of 2024$2,989 
20252,150 
20261,188 
2027658 
2028230 
20299
Total undiscounted cash flows$7,224 
Present value of lease payments$6,553 
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $671 

In 2021, the Company began entering into three-year leases for its TracPhone VSAT systems, in which ownership of the hardware does not transfer to the lessee by the end of the lease term. As a result, and in light of other factors indicated in ASC 842, these leases are classified as operating leases.

As of March 31, 2024, the gross costs and accumulated depreciation associated with these operating leases are included in revenue generating assets and amounted to $1,861 and $975, respectively. They are depreciated on a straight-line basis over a five-year estimated useful life. Depreciation expense for these assets was $93 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively.

Lease revenue recognized was $125 for the three months ended March 31, 2024, respectively, in service sales in the consolidated statements of operations.

As of March 31, 2024, minimum future lease payments to be recognized on the operating leases are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$217 
202525 
Total $242 
v3.24.1.u1
Restructuring
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]  
Restructuring Restructuring
On February 9, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company voted to implement a staged wind-down of the Company’s manufacturing activities at its facility in Middletown, Rhode Island. The Board made this determination following a strategic review of the Company’s manufacturing operations, driven by reduced demand for the Company’s hardware products in the face of intensifying competition during the third and fourth quarters of 2023. The Board concluded that the Company should discontinue its capital-intensive manufacturing activities and concentrate its efforts on growing sales of its multi-orbit, multi-channel, integrated communications solutions, which in recent years have constituted the largest portion of the Company’s overall revenues.

The Company expects that it will continue its product manufacturing activities for a period of time in order to generate a targeted amount of inventory of maritime satellite connectivity and satellite television terminals to meet anticipated demand and that it will cease substantially all manufacturing activity at the Middletown facility by the end of 2024. The Company expects to continue to facilitate customer transition to third-party hardware products compatible with the Company’s mobile satellite communications services. The Company also plans to continue to conduct maintenance, service, warehousing, shipping and receiving activities at the Middletown location.

As part of this restructuring, the Company will reduce its headcount by approximately 75 employees, or approximately 20% of its total workforce as of the time the Company announced the restructuring. Approximately one-half of the employee terminations have been completed, and the remaining terminations are expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter of 2024. Approximately $2.2 million of severance charges were incurred in the three months ended March 31, 2024. The Company expects to incur aggregate severance charges for this restructuring of approximately $3.3 million, consisting of approximately $3.0 million of cash charges and approximately $0.3 million of non-cash charges arising from pre-existing contractual obligations to accelerate vesting of certain outstanding equity compensation awards.
v3.24.1.u1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
2023 10-K - Revision for correction of Immaterial Errors
2023 10-K - Revision for Correction of Immaterial Errors

As stated in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was filed on March 15, 2024, the Company corrected for errors that were immaterial to its previously reported consolidated financial statements. These errors were identified in connection with the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2023, and related primarily to the adoption and implementation of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”) on January 1, 2018, specifically, the assessment of performance obligations associated with the sales of antennas and airtime-related equipment. The Company evaluated the materiality of these errors both qualitatively and quantitatively in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 99, Materiality, and SAB No. 108, Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements When Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, and determined that the effect of these corrections was not material to the previously issued financial statements. Therefore, the amounts in the previous period have been revised to reflect the correction of these errors.
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated interim financial statements of KVH Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through the date of this filing. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

The consolidated interim financial statements have not been audited by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm and include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows for the periods presented. These consolidated interim financial statements do not include all disclosures associated with annual financial statements and accordingly should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed on March 15, 2024 with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The results for the three months ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of operating results for the remainder of the year.
Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions
Significant Estimates and Assumptions and Other Significant Non-Recurring Transactions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of sales and expenses during the reporting periods. The estimates and assumptions used by management affect the Company’s revenue recognition, valuation of accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, expected future cash flows (including growth rates, discount rates, terminal values and other assumptions and estimates used to evaluate the recoverability of long-lived assets and goodwill), estimated fair values of long-lived assets (including goodwill, amortization methods and amortization periods), certain accrued expenses and other related charges, stock-based compensation, contingent liabilities, forfeitures and key valuation assumptions for its share-based awards, estimated fulfillment costs for warranty obligations, tax reserves and recoverability of the Company’s net deferred tax assets and related valuation allowance, and the valuation of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities.

Although the Company regularly assesses these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign Currency Translation

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in Denmark, Singapore and Cyprus are maintained using the United States dollar as the functional currency. Exchange rates in effect on the date of the transaction are used to record monetary assets and liabilities. Revenue and other expense elements are recorded at rates that approximate the rates in effect on the transaction dates. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses are recognized within “other expense, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded net foreign currency exchange losses, which are comprised of both realized and unrealized foreign currency exchange gains and losses, in its accompanying consolidated statements of operations of $(21) and $(54) for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries located in the United Kingdom, Brazil, Norway, India and Japan use the foreign subsidiaries’ respective local currencies as the functional currency. The Company translates the assets and liabilities of these foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at the end of each reporting period. Net sales, costs and expenses are translated using average exchange rates in effect during the period. Gains and losses from foreign currency translation are credited or charged to accumulated other comprehensive loss included in stockholders' equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted Recently Issued Accounting Standards and Accounting Standards Not yet Adopted
There are no recent accounting pronouncements that have been issued by the FASB, that are not yet effective and that the Company expects would have a material impact on the Company's financial statements.
Fair Value Measurement
ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (ASC 820), provides a framework for measuring fair value and requires expanded disclosures regarding fair value measurements. ASC 820 defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy, which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1:    Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities. The Company’s Level 1 assets are investments in money market mutual funds.

Level 2:    Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; or observable prices that are based on observable market data, based on directly or indirectly market-corroborated inputs. The Company has no Level 2 assets or liabilities.

Level 3:    Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity, and are developed based on the best information available given the circumstances. The Company has no Level 3 assets.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on the valuation techniques identified in the table below.
v3.24.1.u1
Marketable Securities (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Marketable Securities [Abstract]  
Marketable Securities
Marketable securities as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following:
March 31, 2024Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$55,196 $— $— $55,196 
 
December 31, 2023Amortized
Cost		Gross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $— $— $58,477 
Total marketable securities designated as available-for-sale$58,477 $— $— $58,477 
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract]  
Schedule of share-based payment award, stock options, valuation assumptions The weighted average assumptions utilized to determine the fair value of options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,
 20242023
Risk-free interest rate4.36 %4.49 %
Expected volatility48.63 %43.93 %
Expected life (in years)4.324.30
Dividend yield0 %0 %
Schedule of share-based compensation, employee stock purchase plan
The following table presents stock-based compensation expense, including expense for the ESPP, in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:

Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
Cost of service sales$7 $4 
Cost of product sales9 7 
Research and development89 88 
Sales, marketing and support71 38 
General and administrative346 159 
$522 $296 
Schedule of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
The balances for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:
Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2023$(4,185)$— $(4,185)
Other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Net other comprehensive income229 — 229 
Balance, March 31, 2024$(3,956)$— $(3,956)

Foreign Currency TranslationUnrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable SecuritiesTotal Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, December 31, 2022$(4,098)$(12)$(4,110)
Other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Net other comprehensive income66 13 79 
Balance, March 31, 2023$(4,032)$1 $(4,031)
v3.24.1.u1
Net (Loss) Income per Common Share (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Schedule of reconciliation of basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
A reconciliation of the basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic19,286 18,882 
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans— 153 
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted19,286 19,035 
v3.24.1.u1
Inventories (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of inventories Components of inventories consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Raw materials$11,547 $11,352 
Work in process3,310 2,617 
Finished goods4,232 5,077 
$19,089 $19,046 
v3.24.1.u1
Property and Equipment (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment, net, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consist of the following:
March 31,
2024		December 31,
2023
Land$2,833 $2,833 
Building and improvements18,839 18,839 
Leasehold improvements442 445 
Machinery and equipment6,001 5,989 
Revenue-generating assets60,425 60,984 
Office and computer equipment14,931 14,213 
Motor vehicles31 31 
103,502 103,334 
Less accumulated depreciation(57,272)(55,654)
$46,230 $47,680 
v3.24.1.u1
Product Warranty (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Product Warranties Disclosures [Abstract]  
Summary of product warranty activity
The following table summarizes product warranty activity during 2024 and 2023:
 
Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20242023
Beginning balance$828 $1,287 
Charges to expense264 44 
Costs incurred(366)(619)
Ending balance$726 $712 
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Schedule of assets measured at fair value on recurring basis
The following tables present financial assets and liabilities at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 for which the Company measures fair value on a recurring basis, by level, within the fair value hierarchy:

March 31, 2024TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$55,196 $55,196 $— $— (a)
December 31, 2023TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Valuation
Technique
Assets
Money market mutual funds$58,477 $58,477 $— $— (a)
(a)Market approach—prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets.
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of finite-lived intangible assets
The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets during the three months ended March 31, 2024 are as follows:
Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2023
$1,194 
Amortization expense(100)
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition10 
Foreign currency translation adjustment1 
Balance at March 31, 2024
$1,105 
Acquired intangible assets are subject to amortization. The following table summarizes acquired intangible assets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively:
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
March 31, 2024
Subscriber relationships$21 $2 $19 
Distribution rights1,250 164 1,086 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,555 $2,450 $1,105 
December 31, 2023
Subscriber relationships$11 $1 $10 
Distribution rights1,250 66 1,184 
Intellectual property2,284 2,284 — 
$3,545 $2,351 $1,194 
Schedule of expected amortization expense
Estimated future amortization expense for intangible assets recorded by the Company at March 31, 2024 is as follows:
Years ending December 31,Amortization
Expense
2024$301 
2025402 
2026402 
Total amortization expense$1,105 
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Disaggregation of revenue
The following table summarizes net sales from contracts with customers for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023:

Three Months Ended
March 31,
20242023
Service - over time$25,038 $28,740 
Product - point in time4,229 5,403 
 Total net sales$29,267 $34,143 
v3.24.1.u1
Leases (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Leases [Abstract]  
Future minimum lease payments under operating leases Maturities of lease liabilities as of March 31, 2024 under operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable term of one year or more are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$1,023 
2025349 
2026116 
2027110 
2028 and thereafter107 
Total minimum lease payments$1,705 
Less amount representing interest$(96)
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments$1,609 
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities$1,211 
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments$398 
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years)2.00
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases5.50 %
Sales-type lease, future undiscounted cash flows
The future undiscounted cash flows from these leases as of March 31, 2024 are:
Remainder of 2024$2,989 
20252,150 
20261,188 
2027658 
2028230 
20299
Total undiscounted cash flows$7,224 
Present value of lease payments$6,553 
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows $671 
Future minimum lease payments to be received under operating leases
As of March 31, 2024, minimum future lease payments to be recognized on the operating leases are as follows:
Remainder of 2024$217 
202525 
Total $242 
v3.24.1.u1
Description of Business (Details)
Mar. 31, 2024
country
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Number of countries in which entity operates 150
Revenue-generating assets  
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]  
Leased assets, useful life 5 years
v3.24.1.u1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]    
Foreign currency exchange gains (losses) $ (21) $ (54)
v3.24.1.u1
Marketable Securities (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost $ 55,196 $ 58,477
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Fair Value 55,196 58,477
Money market mutual funds    
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale [Line Items]    
Amortized Cost 55,196 58,477
Gross Unrealized Gains 0 0
Gross Unrealized Losses 0 0
Fair Value $ 55,196 $ 58,477
v3.24.1.u1
Marketable Securities - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Marketable Securities [Abstract]    
Interest income, money market deposits $ 720 $ 588
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Jun. 08, 2022
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Jun. 07, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Share-based payment   $ 522 $ 296  
Stock Options        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Increase in shares authorized (in shares) 1,280      
Shares authorized (in shares) 6,080     4,800
Unrecognized compensation expense   $ 1,918    
Weighted-average period of recognition   2 years 8 months 4 days    
Shares issued (in shares)   0    
Stock options granted (in shares)   266,000 317,000  
Stock options expired (in shares)   14,000    
Stock options outstanding (in shares)   1,482,000    
Stock options outstanding, weighted average exercise price (in USD per share)   $ 8.75    
Stock options exercisable (in shares)   641,000    
Exercisable stock options, weighted average exercise price (in USD per share)   $ 9.86    
Stock Options | ESPP Plan        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Share-based payment   $ 517 $ 284  
Employee Stock | ESPP Plan        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Share-based payment   $ 5 $ 12  
Percentage of Company's common stock share price   85.00%    
Stock options issued ESPP (in shares)   24,000 0  
Restricted Stock        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Unrecognized compensation expense   $ 2,399    
Weighted-average period of recognition   2 years 7 months 24 days    
Restricted stock (in shares)   122,000    
Restricted stock, weighted average price (in USD per share)   $ 5.03    
Restricted stock award, forfeitures, less than (in shares)   8,000    
Restricted stock vested (in shares)   66,000    
Restricted stock surrendered (in shares)   0    
Unvested outstanding options (in shares)   0    
Performance-Based or Market-Based Shares        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Unvested outstanding options (in shares)   0    
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity - Weighted Average Assumptions (Details) - Stock Options
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Risk-free interest rate 4.36% 4.49%
Expected volatility 48.63% 43.93%
Expected life (in years) 4 years 3 months 25 days 4 years 3 months 18 days
Dividend yield 0.00% 0.00%
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity - Schedule of Stock Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense $ 522 $ 296
Cost of Sales | Product    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense 9 7
Cost of Sales | Service    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense 7 4
Research and development    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense 89 88
Sales, marketing and support    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense 71 38
General and administrative    
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]    
Stock-based compensation expense $ 346 $ 159
v3.24.1.u1
Stockholder's Equity - Schedule of AOCL (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance $ 147,372 $ 158,438
Other comprehensive income 229 79
Net other comprehensive income [1] 229 79
Ending balance 145,067 159,951
Foreign Currency Translation    
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance (4,185) (4,098)
Other comprehensive income 229 66
Net other comprehensive income 229 66
Ending balance (3,956) (4,032)
Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Available for Sale Marketable Securities    
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance 0 (12)
Other comprehensive income 0 13
Net other comprehensive income 0 13
Ending balance 0 1
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss    
AOCI Attributable to Parent [Roll Forward]    
Beginning balance (4,185) (4,110)
Net other comprehensive income 229 79
Ending balance $ (3,956) $ (4,031)
[1] Tax impact was nominal for all periods.
v3.24.1.u1
Net (Loss) Income per Common Share - Narrative (Details)
shares in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
shares
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of earnings per share (in shares) 1,584
v3.24.1.u1
Net (Loss) Income per Common Share - Reconciliation of Basic and Diluted Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Details) - shares
shares in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Schedule of reconciliation of basic and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding    
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic (in shares) 19,286 18,882
Dilutive common shares issuable in connection with stock plans (in shares) 0 153
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted (in shares) 19,286 19,035
v3.24.1.u1
Inventories (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]    
Raw materials $ 11,547 $ 11,352
Work in process 3,310 2,617
Finished goods 4,232 5,077
Inventories, net $ 19,089 $ 19,046
v3.24.1.u1
Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross $ 103,502 $ 103,334
Less accumulated depreciation (57,272) (55,654)
Property and equipment, less accumulated depreciation 46,230 47,680
Land    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 2,833 2,833
Building and improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 18,839 18,839
Leasehold improvements    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 442 445
Machinery and equipment    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 6,001 5,989
Revenue-generating assets    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 60,425 60,984
Office and computer equipment    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross 14,931 14,213
Motor vehicles    
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]    
Property and equipment, gross $ 31 $ 31
v3.24.1.u1
Property and Equipment - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]    
Depreciation $ 3,147 $ 3,368
v3.24.1.u1
Product Warranty - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Product Warranty (Textual) [Abstract]    
Accrued product warranty costs $ 726 $ 828
Minimum    
Product Warranty (Textual) [Abstract]    
Limited warranty period on product 1 year  
Maximum    
Product Warranty (Textual) [Abstract]    
Limited warranty period on product 2 years  
v3.24.1.u1
Product Warranty - Schedule of Product Warranty Activity (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Summary of product warranty activity    
Beginning balance $ 828 $ 1,287
Charges to expense 264 44
Costs incurred (366) (619)
Ending balance $ 726 $ 712
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements (Details) - Money market mutual funds - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Assets $ 55,196 $ 58,477
Level 1    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Assets 55,196 58,477
Level 2    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Assets 0 0
Level 3    
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]    
Assets $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]    
Goodwill and other intangible asset impairment $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets Changes in Carrying Amount (Details)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Finite-lived Intangible Assets [Roll Forward]  
Beginning balance $ 1,194
Amortization expense (100)
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition 10
Foreign currency translation adjustment 1
Ending balance $ 1,105
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 1 Months Ended 3 Months Ended 120 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2017
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2026
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition   $ 10    
Amortization expense   $ 100    
Weighted average remaining useful lives   3 years    
General and administrative        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Amortization expense   $ 100 $ 93  
Kognitive Networks | Customer Relationships        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Intangible assets, useful lives   3 years    
Q1 2017 Acquisition | Maximum | Forecast        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition       $ 114
Q1 2017 Acquisition | Customer Relationships        
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]        
Intangible assets, useful lives 10 years      
Intangible assets acquired in asset acquisition $ 100      
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets - Goodwill and Intangible Assets Subject to Amortization (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount $ 3,555 $ 3,545
Accumulated Amortization 2,450 2,351
Net Carrying Value 1,105 1,194
Subscriber relationships    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 21 11
Accumulated Amortization 2 1
Net Carrying Value 19 10
Distribution rights    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 1,250 1,250
Accumulated Amortization 164 66
Net Carrying Value 1,086 1,184
Intellectual property    
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]    
Gross Carrying Amount 2,284 2,284
Accumulated Amortization 2,284 2,284
Net Carrying Value $ 0 $ 0
v3.24.1.u1
Intangible Assets - Future Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]    
2024 $ 301  
2025 402  
2026 402  
Total amortization expense $ 1,105 $ 1,194
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]    
Total net sales $ 29,267 $ 34,143
Mobile Connectivity | Service    
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]    
Total net sales 25,038 28,740
Mobile Connectivity | Product    
Revenue from External Customer [Line Items]    
Total net sales $ 4,229 $ 5,403
v3.24.1.u1
Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Narrative (Details)
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue Benchmark | Geographic Concentration Risk | Non-US      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 72.00% 65.00%  
Revenue Benchmark | Geographic Concentration Risk | Singapore      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 22.00% 18.00%  
Accounts Receivable | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer One      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 20.00%   23.00%
Accounts Receivable, Sales-Type Leases | Customer Concentration Risk | Customer Two      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 61.00%   62.00%
Mobile Comm Product Sales | Revenue Benchmark | Product Concentration Risk      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 14.00% 16.00%  
VSAT Airtime Service Sales | Revenue Benchmark | Product Concentration Risk      
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]      
Concentration risk 78.00% 79.00%  
v3.24.1.u1
Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]      
Effective income tax rate (2.50%) 4.70%  
Liability for uncertain tax positions $ 693   $ 673
Decrease in unrecognized tax benefits is reasonably possible $ 27    
v3.24.1.u1
Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Mar. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Operating lease expense $ 353 $ 452  
Short-term lease costs 19 25  
Net investment in lease, current 3,284    
Net investment in lease, noncurrent 3,269    
Sales-type lease, interest income 129 $ 168  
Lessor, operating lease, term of contract     3 years
Lessor, operating lease, gross costs 1,861    
Lessor, operating lease, accumulated depreciation $ 975    
Lessor, operating lease, useful life 5 years    
Depreciation expense $ 93    
Lease revenue $ 125    
Operating Lease, Lease Income, Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration] Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax    
Minimum      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Sales-type leases, term of contracts 3 years    
Maximum      
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]      
Sales-type leases, term of contracts 5 years    
v3.24.1.u1
Leases - Future Minimum Operating Lease Payments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
Dec. 31, 2023
Leases [Abstract]    
Remainder of 2024 $ 1,023  
2025 349  
2026 116  
2027 110  
2028 and thereafter 107  
Total minimum lease payments 1,705  
Less amount representing interest (96)  
Present value of net minimum operating lease payments 1,609  
Less current installments of obligation under current-operating lease liabilities 1,211 $ 786
Obligations under long-term operating lease liabilities, excluding current installments $ 398 $ 289
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases (years) 2 years  
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases 5.50%  
v3.24.1.u1
Leases - Sales-type Lease Future Undiscounted Cash Flows (Details)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Remainder of 2024 $ 2,989
2025 2,150
2026 1,188
2027 658
2028 230
2029 9
Total undiscounted cash flows 7,224
Present value of lease payments 6,553
Difference between undiscounted cash flows and discounted cash flows  $ 671
v3.24.1.u1
Leases - Future Minimum Lease Payments Receivable (Details)
$ in Thousands
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Leases [Abstract]  
Remainder of 2024 $ 217
2025 25
Total $ 242
v3.24.1.u1
Restructuring (Details)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended
Feb. 09, 2024
USD ($)
employee
Mar. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Number of positions eliminated | employee 75  
Percentage of workforce reduction 20.00%  
Employee terminations completed   0.50%
Severance Costs   $ 2.2
Employee Severance    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Expected cost $ 3.3  
Employee Severance, Cash Charges    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Expected cost 3.0  
Employee Severance, Equity Compensation Awards    
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]    
Expected cost $ 0.3  
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