| Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position as of June 30, 2023 and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the full year or any other period. The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the SEC on April 3, 2023. Emerging Growth Company The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements with another public company which is either not an emerging growth company or an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgement. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the unaudited condensed financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. One of the more significant accounting estimates included in these unaudited condensed financial statements is the determination of the fair value of the warrant liabilities. Other significant accounting estimates include the forward purchase derivative and the convertible working capital loan. Such estimates may be subject to change as more current information becomes available and accordingly the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. Investments Held in Trust Account The Company’s portfolio of investments is comprised of U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 185 days or less, or investments in money market funds that invest in U.S. government securities and generally have a readily determinable fair value, or a combination thereof. When the Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are comprised of U.S. government securities, the investments are classified as trading securities and are recognized at fair value. When the Company’s investments held in the Trust Account are comprised of money market funds, the investments are recognized at fair value. Gains and losses resulting from the change in fair value of these securities are included in interest earned on investments held in the Trust Account in the accompanying unaudited condensed statements of operations. The estimated fair values of investments held in the Trust Account are determined using available market information. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution, which, at times, may exceed the FDIC coverage limit of $250,000. The Company has significant cash balances at financial institutions which throughout the year regularly exceed the federally insured limit of $250,000. Any loss incurred or a lack of access to such funds could have a significant adverse impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. Class A Common Stock Subject to Possible Redemption The Company accounts for its Class A common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in ASC Topic 480, “Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.” Class A common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as liability instruments and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable Class A common stock (including Class A common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, Class A common stock is classified as stockholders’ equity. The Company’s Class A common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Company’s control and subject to the occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Class A common stock subject to possible redemption is presented at redemption value as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders’ deficit section of the Company’s condensed balance sheets. There was no Class A common stock issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, classified as permanent equity. The Company has elected to recognize changes in the redemption value immediately as they occur and adjust the carrying value of the security to equal the redemption value at the end of each reporting period. This method would view the end of the reporting period as if it were also the redemption date for the security. Immediately upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company recognized the accretion from initial book value to redemption amount. The change in the carrying value of redeemable shares of Class A common stock resulted in charges against additional paid-in capital and accumulated deficit. Offering Costs Associated with the Initial Public Offering The Company complies with the requirements of ASC 340-10-S99-1 and SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) Topic 5A - “Expenses of Offering”. Offering costs consist principally of professional and registration fees incurred through the balance sheet date that are related to the IPO and were charged to temporary stockholders’ equity upon the completion of the IPO, except those associated with Public Warrants which were expensed. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, offering costs in the aggregate of $24,012,335 (consisting of $8,500,000 of underwriting commissions, $14,875,000 of deferred underwriters’ commission and $637,335 other offering costs) have been incurred. In September 2022, the Company reversed $4,462,500 of deferred underwriting fees, as the underwriters resigned from their role in the Business Combination and thereby waived their entitlement to these commissions (see Note 6). Offering costs associated with the closing of the underwriters’ over-allotment option on April 14, 2021, amounted to $280,500, consisting mainly of $100,000 of underwriting commissions, $175,000 of deferred underwriters’ commissions and $5,500 of other offering costs. The Company allocates the offering costs between its common stock and Public Warrants using relative fair value method, with the offering costs allocated to the Public Warrants expensed immediately. Accordingly, as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, offering costs in the aggregate of $782,812 have been charged to the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations (consisting of $762,300 of underwriting discounts and $20,512 of other offering costs). Offering costs associated with the Class A common stock have been charged to temporary equity. Fair Value of Financial Instruments The fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying condensed balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature except for the derivative warrant liabilities and forward purchase agreement asset (see Note 9). Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received for sale of an asset or paid for transfer of a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). These tiers include: | ● | Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets; |
| ● | Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and |
| ● | Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions, such as valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable. |
In some circumstances, the inputs used to measure fair value might be categorized within different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those instances, the fair value measurement is categorized in its entirety in the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s public warrant liability is based on quoted prices in active markets as of the measurement date and is classified as Level 1. Derivative Financial Instruments The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value on the grant date and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the unaudited condensed statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is evaluated at the end of each reporting period. Derivative liabilities are classified in the condensed balance sheets as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement or conversion of the instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. The Company accounts for its warrants issued in connection with its IPO as derivative warrant liabilities in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the warrant instruments as liabilities at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The liabilities are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s unaudited condensed statements of operations. The fair value of warrants issued by the Company in connection with the IPO and Private Placement has been estimated using binomial lattice model at the date of issuance. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s public warrants were measured based on quoted prices in active markets, and the private placement warrants are categorized as a Level 2 following the public price. FASB ASC 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options”, addresses the allocation of proceeds from the issuance of convertible debt into its equity and debt components. The Company applied this guidance to allocate IPO proceeds from the Units between common stock and warrants, using the residual method by allocating IPO proceeds first to fair value of the warrants and then common stock. The Company accounts for its forward purchase agreements (collectively, the “Forward Purchase Agreements” or “FPAs”) issued as derivative FPA assets in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the FPA instruments as assets at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The assets are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s unaudited statements of operations. The fair value of the FPAs has been estimated using observable inputs at the date of issuance. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s FPAs are categorized as a Level 3. The FPA expired on April 17, 2023 and replace by the instrument explained below. The Company accounts for its prepaid forward derivative (“PFD”) issued as a liability in accordance with ASC 815-40. Accordingly, the Company recognizes the PFD instrument as liability at fair value and adjusts the instruments to fair value at each reporting period. The assets are subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s statements of operations. The fair value of the PFD has been estimated using observable inputs at the date of issuance. As of June 30, 2023 PFD is categorized as a Level 3. Net Income (loss) per Share of Common Stock The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share.” Net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year, excluding shares of common stock shares subject to forfeiture. The Company has two classes of shares, which are referred to as Class A common stock and Class B common stock. Income and losses are shared pro rata between the two classes of shares. The Company’s statements of operations include a presentation of income per share for shares of common stock subject to possible redemption in a manner similar to the two-class method of income per share. Consistent with ASC Topic 480-10-S99-3A, accretion associated with the redeemable shares of Class A common stock is excluded from earnings per share as the redemption value approximates its fair value. The calculation of diluted income (loss) per common stock does not consider the effect of the warrants issued since the exercise of the warrants are contingent upon the occurrence of future events. However, the diluted earnings per share calculation includes the shares subject to forfeiture from the first day of the interim period in which the contingency on such shares was resolved. A reconciliation of net income (loss) per common stock is as follows: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | For the Three Months Ended | | For the Three Months Ended | | | For the Six Months Ended | | For the Six Months Ended | | | June 30, 2023 | | June 30, 2022 | | | June 30, 2023 | | June 30, 2022 | | | Class A | | Class B | | Class A | | Class B | | | Class A | | Class B | | Class A | | Class B | Allocation of net income (loss) | | $ | (328,630) | | $ | (809,615) | | $ | 18,026,419 | | $ | 10,625,000 | | | $ | (264,590) | | $ | (155,953) | | $ | 12,441,680 | | $ | 3,110,420 | Weighted average shares outstanding | | | 4,312,774 | | | 10,625,000 | | | 42,500,000 | | | 10,625,000 | | | | 18,026,419 | | | 10,625,000 | | | 42,500,000 | | | 10,625,000 | Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share | | $ | (0.08) | | $ | (0.08) | | $ | 0.06 | | $ | 0.06 | | | $ | (0.01) | | $ | (0.01) | | $ | 0.29 | | $ | 0.29 |
Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”). ASC 740 requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for both the expected impact of differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for the expected future tax benefit to be derived from tax loss and tax credit carryforwards. ASC 740 additionally requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. The tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 is $962,768 and $108,315, respectively. ASC 740 also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. The Company’s effective tax rate was 177% and 0.01% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate of 21% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, due to changes in fair value of warrants, FPA, and the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. There were no amounts accrued for interest and penalties as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position. The Company has identified the United States as its only “major” tax jurisdiction. The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal and state taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal and state tax laws. The Company’s management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months. On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IR Act”) was signed into federal law. The IR Act provides for, among other things, a new U.S. federal 1% excise tax on certain repurchases of stock by publicly traded U.S. domestic corporations and certain U.S. domestic subsidiaries of publicly traded foreign stockholder corporations occurring on or after January 1, 2023. The excise tax is imposed on the repurchasing corporation itself, not its shareholders from which shares are repurchased. The amount of the excise tax is generally 1% of the fair market value of the shares repurchased at the time of the repurchase. However, for purposes of calculating the excise tax, repurchasing corporations are permitted to net the fair market value of certain new stock issuances against the fair market value of stock repurchases during the same taxable year. In addition, certain exceptions apply to the excise tax. The U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “Treasury”) has been given authority to provide regulations and other guidance to carry out and prevent the abuse or avoidance of the excise tax. Any redemption or other repurchase that occurs after December 31, 2022, in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise, may be subject to the excise tax. Whether and to what extent the Company would be subject to the excise tax in connection with a Business Combination, extension vote or otherwise would depend on a number of factors, including (i) the fair market value of the redemptions and repurchases in connection with the Business Combination, extension or otherwise, (ii) the structure of a Business Combination, (iii) the nature and amount of any “PIPE” or other equity issuances in connection with a Business Combination (or otherwise issued not in connection with a Business Combination but issued within the same taxable year of a Business Combination) and (iv) the content of regulations and other guidance from the Treasury. In addition, because the excise tax would be payable by the Company and not by the redeeming holder, the mechanics of any required payment of the excise tax have not been determined. The foregoing could cause a reduction in the cash available on hand to distribute to redeeming stockholders or to complete a Business Combination and could adversely affect the Company’s ability to complete a Business Combination. Working Capital Loan – Related Party When the Company issues convertible debt, it first evaluates the balance sheet classification of the convertible instrument in its entirety to determine whether the instrument should be classified as a liability under ASC 480 and second whether the conversion feature should be accounted for separately from the host instrument. A conversion feature of a convertible debt instrument or certain convertible preferred stock would be separated from the convertible instrument and classified as a derivative liability if the conversion feature, were it a stand-alone instrument, meets the definition of an “embedded derivative” as defined in ASC 815. Generally, characteristics that require derivative treatment include, among others, when the conversion feature is not indexed to the Company’s equity, as defined in ASC 815-40, or when it must be settled either in cash or by issuing stock that is readily convertible to cash. When a conversion feature meets the definition of an embedded derivative, it would be separated from the host instrument and classified as a derivative liability carried on the balance sheet at fair value, with any changes in its fair value recognized currently in the condensed statement of operations. The Working Capital Loan has a conversion feature that allows for converting the loan into warrants and is carried at fair value. The fair value of the balance outstanding on the convertible loan was $1,500,000 and $1,500,000 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. During Q2 of 2023 the Company entered into a promissory note with the Sponsor which allowed up to $1,190,000 and accrues no interest. There was $1,190,000 outstanding on this loan as of June 30, 2023 and $0 outstanding as of December 31, 2022. In total the Company had $2,690,000 and $1,500,000 was outstanding on related party loans as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Recent Accounting Standards In August 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”). 2020-06, “Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity” (“ASU 2020-06”), which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current U.S. GAAP. The ASU 2020-06 also removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity-linked contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception, and it also simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and should be applied on a full or modified retrospective basis, with early adoption permitted beginning on January 1, 2021. The Company is currently assessing the impact, if any, that ASU 2020-06 would have on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows. The Company’s management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards updates, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Company’s unaudited condensed financial statements.
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