PZG Paramount Gold and Silver Corp

Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Paramount Gold Nevada Corp. (the “Company” or “Paramount”), incorporated under Chapter 78 of Nevada Revised Statutes, and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are engaged in the acquisition, exploration and development of precious metal properties. The Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries include New Sleeper Gold LLC, Sleeper Mining Company, LLC, and Calico Resources USA Corp (“Calico”). The Company is in the process of exploring its mineral properties in Nevada and Oregon, United States. The Company’s activities are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including the risk of failing to secure additional funding to advance its projects and the risks of determining whether these properties contain reserves that are economically recoverable. The Company’s shares of common stock trade on the NYSE American LLC under the symbol “PZG”.

Note 2. Going Concern

The Company has not generated any revenues or cash flows from operations to date. As such the Company is subject to all the risks associated with development stage companies. Since inception, the Company has incurred losses and negative cash flows from operating activities which have been funded from the issuance of common stock, convertible notes, note payable and the sale of royalties on its mineral properties. The Company does not expect to generate positive cash flows from operating activities in the near future, if at all, until such time it successfully initiates production at its Grassy Mountain Project, including obtaining construction financing, completing the construction of the proposed mine and anticipates incurring operating losses for the foreseeable future.

The Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared on a “going concern” basis, which means that the continuation of the Company is presumed even though events and conditions exist that, when considered in aggregate, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern because it is possible that the Company will be required to adversely change its current business plan or may be unable to meet its obligations as they become due within one year after the date that these financial statements were issued.

Paramount expects to continue to incur losses as a result of costs and expenses related to maintaining its properties and general and administrative expenses. Since 2015, the Company has relied on equity financings, debt financings and sale of royalties to fund its operations and the Company expects to rely on these forms of financing to fund operations into the near future.

Note 3. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is estimated by applying the following hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization with the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement:

The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are described below:

Level 1 Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates); and inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 Inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable.

Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy. Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Our financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, the royalty conversion feature on the Debenture (see Note 6) and convertible debt. Due to their short maturity of our cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, we believe that their carrying amounts approximate fair value as of September 30, 2024 and June 30, 2024.

The Company determined that the Royalty conversion feature (Note 6) embedded in the Debenture is required to be accounted for separately from the Debenture as a derivative liability and recorded at fair value and the remaining value allocated to the Debenture net the unamortized debt issuance costs. The derivative liability will be fair valued at each reporting period, with changes in fair value recorded as a gain or loss in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. During the three month period ended September 30, 2024, the fair value derivative liability decreased by $236,089 and it was recorded in Change in derivative liability on royalty convertible debenture on the Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Operations.

As of September 30, 2024, the Royalty conversion feature is recorded at $3,406,016 (June 30, 2024 - $3,642,105) and is valued based on Level 3 inputs. Several steps were used to calculate the fair value of the Royalty conversion feature on the Debenture. First utilizing the Royalty Agreement's royalty rate of 4.75% for the life of mine, the annual gross royalty amounts were calculated from estimated expected gross revenues of the proposed Grassy Mountain Mine. The annual royalty amounts were discounted using a long term stock market rate of return of 10%. Second, a Black-Scholes model was used to calculate the fair value of the conversion option. The key assumptions in valuing the royalty conversion option derivative include:

Note 4. Non-Cash Transactions

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company issued 898,888 shares of common stock for payment of interest accrued on its outstanding Royalty Convertible Debenture with a fair value of $383,334.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued 553,141 shares of common stock for payment of interest accrued on its outstanding 2019 Convertible Notes with a fair value of $160,413.

Note 5. Capital Stock

Authorized Capital

Authorized capital stock consists of 200,000,000 common shares with par value of $0.01 per common share as of September 30, 2024 (June 30, 2024 – 200,000,000 common shares with par value $0.01 per common share).

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company issued 114,918 shares of common stock from its ATM program for net proceeds of $46,358 and issued 898,888 shares of common stock for payment of interest accrued on its outstanding Royalty Convertible Debenture (Note 6) with a fair value of $383,334.

For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company issued 3,515,257 shares of common stock from its ATM program for net proceeds of $1,088,528 and issued 553,141 shares of common stock for payment of interest accrued (Note 6) with a fair value of $160,413.

Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units and Stock Based Compensation

Paramount’s 2015 and 2016 Stock Incentive and Compensation Plans, which are stockholder-approved, permits the grant of stock options, restricted stock units and stock to its employees and directors for up to 5.5 million shares of common stock.

Total stock-based compensation for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $62,205 and $66,684, respectively.

Stock Options

Stock option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of Paramount’s stock at the date of grant and have contractual lives of 5 years. To better align the interests of its key executives, employees and directors with those of its shareholders a significant portion of those share option awards will vest contingent upon meeting certain stock price appreciation performance goals and other performance conditions. Option and share awards provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control (as defined in the Stock Incentive and Compensation Plans).

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not grant stock options (three months ended September 30, 2023 – nil).

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, share-based compensation expense relating to service condition options and performance condition options was $nil and $1,199, respectively (2023 -$nil and $1,564).

Note 6. Debt

$15,000,000 Secured Royalty Convertible Debenture

Effective as of December 27, 2023, Paramount closed on a Secured Royalty Convertible Debenture (the “Debenture”) with Sprott Private Resource Streaming and Royalty (US Collector), LP (“Sprott”) for $15,000,000. The Debenture bears an interest rate of 10% per annum, which, at Paramount’s discretion, will be payable in cash or shares of its common stock at a 7% discount to the 10-day volume weighted average price ("VWAP") from the scheduled date of payment of interest. The Debenture may be repaid in cash or is convertible into a gross revenue royalty (the “Royalty") of 4.75% of the gold and silver produced from the proposed Grassy Mountain Gold Mine. The Debenture may be repaid in cash or through the issuance of the Royalty at the earlier of the commencement of commercial production or five years from the Debenture closing date. The conversion to the Royalty is at Sprott's sole discretion. Paramount may elect to repay the Debenture by providing 20 business day written notice, in cash only and in whole prior to its maturity at a price equal to the sum of the principal amount plus all accrued and unpaid interest plus a prepayment interest premium of equal to 36 months of interest less interest paid prior to the date of prepayment. Upon a sale of the Sleeper Gold Project, Sprott can elect to have a portion of the Debenture repaid with proceeds from the sale. In the event of default, the debenture will accrue interest at 13% per annum. In connection with the issuance of the Debenture, the Company incurred $870,111 of debt issuance costs which will be reflected as a discount on the Debenture. Unamortized debt issuance costs will be amortized over the five year term of the Debenture and recorded as an interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Interim Statement of Operations.

If the Royalty is issued, Paramount has the option to buy back 50% of the Royalty by paying either $11.25 million on the second (2nd) anniversary of the Royalty or $12.375 million on the third (3rd) anniversary. The Company’s obligations under the Debenture are secured by a pledge of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, including without limitation by deeds of trust with respect to the Grassy Mountain project and the Company’s Nevada property, Sleeper. The Company is required to maintain a positive cash balance at all times and shall maintain a positive adjusted working capital amount at the end of each fiscal quarter commencing with the fiscal quarter March 31, 2024. At September 30, 2024, Paramount was in compliance with these loan covenants.

The Company has accounted for the Royalty Conversion Option and related Buyback Provision as an embedded derivative in accordance with ASC 815 and recorded the derivative as a separate liability at fair value. The fair value of the derivative was $3,406,016 at September 30, 2024 and $3,642,105 at June 30, 2024 (Note 3).

In connection with the Debenture, Paramount and Calico entered into a Mining Right of First Refusal Option to Purchase Agreement (the “ROFR”) in favor of Sprott. Pursuant to the ROFR, we have granted to Sprott the right of first refusal with respect to any proposed grant, sale or issuance to any third party of a stream, royalty or similar interest (a “Mineral Interest”) based on or with reference to future production from the proposed Grassy Mountain gold and silver mine. If the cash equivalent value (with the value of

Note 7. Mineral Properties

Sleeper:

Sleeper is located in Humboldt County, Nevada, approximately 26 miles northwest of the town of Winnemucca.

Grassy Mountain:

The Grassy Mountain Project is located in Malheur County, Oregon, approximately 22 miles south of Vale, Oregon, and roughly 70 miles west of Boise, Idaho.

Impairment of Mineral Properties

The Company reviews and evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, no events or changes in circumstance are believed to have impacted recoverability of the Company’s long-lived assets. Accordingly, it was determined that no interim impairment was necessary.

Note 8. Reclamation and Environmental

Reclamation and environmental costs are based principally on legal requirements. Management estimates costs associated with reclamation of mineral properties and properties under mine closure. On an ongoing basis the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions; however, actual amounts could differ from those based on estimates and assumptions.

The Company has posted several cash bonds as financial security to satisfy reclamation requirements. The balance of posted cash reclamation bonds at September 30, 2024 is $546,176 (June 30, 2024 - $546,176).