Form 10-Q - Quarterly report [Sections 13 or 15(d)]

United States

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

______________________________________

FORM 10-Q

______________________________________


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-37822

______________________________________

ARQ, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

______________________________________


Delaware						27-5472457
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

8051 E. Maplewood Ave., Ste. 210, Greenwood Village, CO						80111
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)

(720) 598-3500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

______________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common stock, par value $0.001 per share

ARQ

Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☒

Smaller reporting company

☒

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 5, 2024, there were 42,032,086 outstanding shares of Arq, Inc. common stock, par value $0.001 per share.

INDEX


		PAGE
PART I. - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited):
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6
Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	31
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	32

PART II. - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	33
Item 1a.	Risk Factors	33
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	33

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	33
Item 5.	Other Information	33
Item 6.	Exhibits	34
	Signatures	35

Part I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited)


	As of
(in thousands, except share data)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash	$	48,662	$	45,361
Receivables, net	16,590		16,192

Inventories, net	18,487		19,693




Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,530		5,215
Total current assets	87,269		86,461
Restricted cash, long-term	8,718		8,792
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $25,146 and $19,293, respectively	139,137		94,649





Other long-term assets, net	44,841		45,600
Total Assets	$	279,965	$	235,502
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	20,191	$	14,603
Current portion of debt obligations	2,324		2,653




Other current liabilities	7,671		5,792
Total current liabilities	30,186		23,048
Long-term debt obligations, net of current portion	17,634		18,274




Other long-term liabilities	14,029		15,780
Total Liabilities	61,849		57,102
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)

Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock: par value of $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock: par value of $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 46,652,061 and 37,791,084 shares issued, and 42,033,915 and 33,172,938 shares outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	47		38
Treasury stock, at cost: 4,618,146 and 4,618,146 shares as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	(47,692)		(47,692)
Additional paid-in capital	197,988		154,511
Retained earnings	67,773		71,543

Total Stockholders’ Equity	218,116		178,400
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	279,965	$	235,502

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share data)	2024		2023		2024		2023






Revenue	$	34,774	$	29,829	$	81,919	$	71,079

Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	21,339		20,707		52,279		53,218


Operating expenses:



Selling, general and administrative	8,058		8,297		22,735		27,574

Research and development	787		639		3,341		2,145

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	2,716		2,711		6,090		7,276

Gain on sale of assets	(154)		—		(154)		(2,695)
Total operating expenses	11,407		11,647		32,012		34,300
Operating income (loss)	2,028		(2,525)		(2,372)		(16,439)
Other (expense) income:
Earnings from equity method investments	127		412		127		1,512

Interest expense	(806)		(787)		(2,426)		(2,155)




Other	268		725		931		1,510
Total other (expense) income	(411)		350		(1,368)		867
Income (loss) before income taxes	1,617		(2,175)		(3,740)		(15,572)
Income tax (expense) benefit	—		—		(30)		33
Net income (loss)	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Income (loss) per common share (Note 1):
Basic	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)
Diluted	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic	36,124		31,807		34,085		27,894
Diluted	37,442		31,807		34,085		27,894

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Treasury Stock
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balances, January 1, 2024	37,791,084	$	38	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	154,511	$	71,543	$	178,400

Stock-based compensation	81,253	—		—	—		782		—		782



Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(104,163)	—		—	—		(599)		—		(599)


Exercise of warrant, net	324,955	—		—	—		—		—		—


Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(3,419)		(3,419)
Balances, March 31, 2024	38,093,129	$	38	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	154,694	$	68,124	$	175,164
Stock-based compensation	(43,566)	—		—	—		653		—		653
Issuance of common stock related to private placement transaction, net of offering costs	2,142,858	2		—	—		14,949		—		14,951
Issuance of common stock to related party	422,221	1		—	—		799		—		800



Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(1,968)		(1,968)
Balances, June 30, 2024	40,614,642	$	41	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	171,095	$	66,156	$	189,600
Stock-based compensation	580,826	1		—	—		749		—		750
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of offering costs	5,485,500	5		—	—		26,654		—		26,659
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(28,907)	—		—	—		(510)		—		(510)


Net income	—	—		—	—		—		1,617		1,617
Balances, September 30, 2024	46,652,061	$	47	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	197,988	$	67,773	$	218,116

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Treasury Stock
(Amounts in thousands, except share data)	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balances, January 1, 2023	23,788,319	$	24	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	103,698	$	83,949	$	139,979

Stock-based compensation	483,242	—		—	—		563		—		563
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs	3,814,864	4		—	—		12,433		—		12,437
Issuance of common stock related to private placement transaction, net of offering costs	3,842,315	4		—	—		15,216		—		15,220
Issuance of warrant	—	—		—	—		826		—		826
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(74,104)	—		—	—		(146)		—		(146)
Preferred stock dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		(157)		(157)

Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(7,508)		(7,508)
Balances, March 31, 2023	31,854,636	$	32	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	132,590	$	76,284	$	161,214
Stock-based compensation	(16,430)	—		—	—		545		—		545
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock	5,362,926	5		—	—		18,921		—		18,926

Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(6,973)	—		—	—		(14)		—		(14)


Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(5,856)		(5,856)
Balances, June 30, 2023	37,194,159	$	37	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	152,042	$	70,428	$	174,815
Stock-based compensation	105,244	—		—	—		702		—		702
Issuance of common stock to related party	527,779	1		—	—		999		—		1,000
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(28,129)	—		—	—		(48)		—		(48)


Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(2,175)		(2,175)
Balances, September 30, 2023	37,799,053	$	38	(4,618,146)	$	(47,692)	$	153,695	$	68,253	$	174,294

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	6,090		7,276
Stock-based compensation expense	2,185		1,810
Operating lease expense	1,518		2,061
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	450		395
Gain on sale of assets	(154)		(2,695)
Earnings from equity method investments	(127)		(1,512)








Other non-cash items, net	(113)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables and related party receivables	(399)		(359)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,812		3,595
Inventories, net	2,486		(811)



Other long-term assets, net	(1,366)		(3,646)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,611)		(12,033)
Other current liabilities	1,467		148
Operating lease liabilities	(1,255)		(140)




Other long-term liabilities	(945)		305

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	5,268		(21,145)
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant, equipment, and intangible assets, net	(42,210)		(17,008)
Acquisition of mine development costs	(167)		(1,856)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	150		—
Distributions from equity method investees in excess of cumulative earnings	127		1,512
Cash and restricted cash acquired in business acquisition	—		2,225
Payment for disposal of Marshall Mine, LLC	—		(2,177)




Net cash used in investing activities	(42,100)		(17,304)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from common stock issued in public offering	26,659		—
Net proceeds from common stock issued in private placement transactions	14,951		15,220
Repurchase of common stock to satisfy tax withholdings	(1,109)		(208)
Principal payments on finance lease obligations	(838)		(855)
Net proceeds from common stock issued to related party	800		1,000
Principal payments on notes payable	(404)		(341)
Net proceeds from CFG Loan, related party, net of discount and issuance costs	—		8,522





Net cash provided by financing activities	40,059		23,338
Increase (decrease) in Cash and Restricted Cash	3,227		(15,111)
Cash and Restricted Cash, beginning of period	54,153		76,432
Cash and Restricted Cash, end of period	$	57,380	$	61,321



Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Change in accrued purchases for property and equipment	$	8,199	$	255
Purchase of property and equipment through note payable	$	258	$	—
Equity issued as consideration for acquisition of business	$	—	$	31,206
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series A Preferred Stock	$	—	$	157

See Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1 - Organization and Basis of Presentation

Arq, Inc. ("Arq" or the "Company"), is an environmental technology company that is principally engaged in the sale of consumable air, water, and soil treatment solutions including activated carbon ("AC") and chemical technologies. The Company's proprietary AC products enable customers to reduce air, water, and soil contaminants, including mercury, per and polyfluoroalkyl substances ("PFAS") and other pollutants, to help our customers meet the challenges of existing and pending air quality and water regulations. The Company manufactures and sells AC and other chemicals used to capture and remove contaminants for coal-fired power generation, industrial, municipal water and air, water, and soil treatment and remediation markets (collectively, the advanced purification technologies or "APT" market).

The Company’s primary products are comprised of AC, which is produced from a variety of carbonaceous raw materials. The Company’s AC products include both powdered activated carbon ("PAC") and granular activated carbon ("GAC"). Additionally, the Company owns the Five Forks Mine, a lignite mine that currently supplies the primary raw material for the manufacturing of the Company’s products.

The Company, formerly known as Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc., is a Delaware corporation with its principal office located in Greenwood Village, Colorado, manufacturing, mining and logistics operations located in Louisiana and coal waste recovery and manufacturing operations located in Kentucky.

In February 2023, the Company acquired 100% of the equity of the subsidiaries of Arq Limited (the "Arq Acquisition," and hereafter the Arq Limited subsidiaries are referred to as "Legacy Arq") to secure access to a feedstock, a manufacturing facility and certain patented processes as a means to manufacture additional GAC products for sale into the APT and other markets. With the Arq Acquisition, the Company now controls bituminous coal waste reserves and owns a manufacturing facility, both located in Corbin, Kentucky (the "Corbin Facility"), and a process to recover and purify the bituminous coal waste for sale or further conversion to GAC products. Using the Corbin Facility's manufacturing process, the Company is converting bituminous coal waste into a purified, microfine carbon powder known as Arq powderTM ("Arq Powder"). See further discussion of the Arq Acquisition in Note 2.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Arq are unaudited and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") and with Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In compliance with those instructions, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted.

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Arq in this quarterly report ("Quarterly Report") are presented on a consolidated basis and include Arq and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"). Also included within the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are the Company's unconsolidated equity investments, Tinuum Group and Tinuum Services, which are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, and Highview Enterprises Limited (the "Highview Investment"), which is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP applicable to equity investments that do not qualify for the equity method of accounting.

Results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts were eliminated in consolidation for all periods presented in this Quarterly Report.

In the opinion of management, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the interim periods presented. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "2023 Form 10-K"). Significant accounting policies disclosed therein have not changed.

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of the Company's common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed in a manner consistent with that of basic earnings per share, while considering other potentially dilutive securities.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, potentially dilutive securities consist of unvested restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), stock options and contingent performance stock units ("PSUs").

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table sets forth the calculations of basic and diluted loss per share:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss)	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Less: Dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	—		—		—		157
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,696)

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	36,124		31,807		34,085		27,894
Add: dilutive effect of equity instruments	1,318		—		—		—


Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	37,442		31,807		34,085		27,894
Earnings (loss) per share - basic	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, potentially dilutive securities of 0.3 million and 2.3 million and 2.5 million and 1.4 million shares of common stock, respectively, are outstanding but are not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per share because the effect would be anti-dilutive.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. There have been no changes in the Company's critical accounting estimates from those that were disclosed in the 2023 Form 10-K. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Fair value measurements

The carrying amounts of our cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value as recorded due to the short-term nature of these instruments.

Seasonality

The timing of the sale of consumable products is dependent upon several factors. Power generation is weather dependent, with electricity and steam production varying in response to heating and cooling demands. As a result, the Company's revenue is generally higher in our first and third fiscal quarters during the warmer and colder months of the year, respectively. Abnormally high and low temperatures during the summer and winter months, respectively, may significantly increase coal consumption for electricity generation and cause increased impurities within various municipalities' water sources, and thus increase the demand for the Company's products. Additionally, power generating units routinely schedule maintenance outages in the spring and/or fall depending on the operation of their boilers. During the period in which an outage may occur, which may range from one week to over a month, the Company's product sales may decrease.

Also, the Company's revenue and sales volumes are highly dependent upon the level of coal consumption at coal-fired power plants, which in turn is significantly affected by the prices of competing power generation sources, such as natural gas and renewables. During periods of low natural gas prices, natural gas provides a competitive alternative to coal-fired power generation and therefore, coal consumption for power generation may be reduced, which in turn reduces the demand for the Company's products. In contrast, during periods of higher prices for competing power generation sources, coal consumption generally increases, which generally increases demand for the Company's products.

In the sale of water purification products, demand is driven largely from municipal water treatment facilities. Depending on weather conditions and other environmental factors, the summer months historically have the highest demand for the Company's products used in water treatment. One of the major uses for PAC is for the treatment of taste and odor episodes caused by increased degradation of organic contaminants and natural materials in water that occurs during the summer months. Additionally, the rainy season generally results in more demand from water municipalities due to rain run-offs and contaminant dilution.

Reclassifications

Certain balances have been reclassified from the prior year to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position in any of the periods presented.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

New Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). ASU 2023-07 is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures and to enhance disclosures of reportable segment expenses. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2023-07 is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Because the amendments do not change the methodology for the identification of operating segments, the aggregation of those operating segments or the application of the quantitative thresholds to determine reportable segments, we do not expect the guidance to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations.

In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ("ASU 2023-09"). ASU 2023-09 requires entities to disclose: (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) the disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. This update also makes several other changes to the income tax disclosure requirements. For public entities, the amendments in ASU 2023-09 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted, and is required to be applied prospectively, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on its income tax disclosures.

Note 2 - Arq Acquisition

On February 1, 2023 (the "Acquisition Date"), the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with Arq Limited ("Arq Ltd.") to acquire 100% of the equity of Legacy Arq in exchange for consideration (the "Purchase Consideration") totaling $31.2 million, and consisting of (i) 3,814,864 shares of the Company's common stock and (ii) 5,294,462 shares of the Company's Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the "Series A Preferred Stock" or the "Preferred Shares").

The Company accounted for the Arq Acquisition as an acquisition of a business, and the total Purchase Consideration of $31.2 million was allocated to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities of Legacy Arq based on their estimated fair values as of the Acquisition Date. The Purchase Consideration was comprised of the fair values as of the Acquisition Date of 3,814,864 shares of the Company's common stock, valued at $12.4 million, and 5,294,462 Preferred Shares, valued at $18.8 million. The Company also incurred $8.7 million in acquisition-related costs, which were expensed as incurred during fiscal years 2022 and 2023 and included in the "Selling, general and administrative" line item in the Statements of Operations for those years.

Legacy Arq's principal location is in Corbin, Kentucky where it operates the Corbin Facility, which processes bituminous coal waste into Arq Powder. Arq Powder can be used in high value applications, such as for a raw material to produce GAC products or as an additive in other applications. With the completion of the Arq Acquisition, the Company intends to use Arq Powder as a feedstock to produce high-quality AC for use in water and air purification markets. The Company expects to begin using Arq Powder to produce GAC products during the first quarter of 2025.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table provides the final purchase price allocation to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Acquisition Date:


(in thousands)	Purchase Price Allocation
Fair value of assets acquired:
Cash	$	1,411

Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,229
Restricted cash, long-term	814
Property, plant and equipment, net	39,159
Other long-term assets, net	11,717
Amount attributable to assets acquired	55,330

Fair Value of liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	9,806
Current portion of long-term debt	494
Other current liabilities	103
Long-term debt, net of current portion	9,199
Other long-term liabilities	4,523
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	24,125

Net assets acquired	$	31,205

The following represents the intangible asset identified as part of the Arq Acquisition and which is included in "Other long-term-assets, net" in the table above:


(in thousands)	Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (years)

Developed technology	$	7,700	20

Series A Preferred Stock

In connection with the issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company filed the Certificate of Designations of Preferred Stock for the Series A Preferred Stock (the "Certificate of Designations") with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Under the Certificate of Designations, 8.9 million preferred shares were designated as Series A Preferred Stock.

Of the total Preferred Shares issued in the Arq Acquisition, 833,914 were held in escrow (the "Escrow Shares") based on a contingent redemption feature. The fair value of the Preferred Shares issued was determined to be $3.46 per Preferred Share on the Acquisition Date plus the value of the contingent redemption feature related to the Escrow Shares. The Escrow Shares were converted into shares of the Company's common stock (the "Escrow Common Shares") on the Conversion Date, as defined below.

Pursuant to the terms of the Series A Preferred Stock, on March 31, 2023, the Company declared a dividend of 68,464 Series A paid-in kind shares (the "PIK Dividend") with respect to the accrued dividends on the Preferred Shares for the first quarter of 2023. The PIK Dividend was recorded at the estimated fair value of $0.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and was paid on April 21, 2023.

On June 13, 2023 (the "Conversion Date"), the Company's stockholders approved the conversion of all of the outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock, including the Escrow Shares, and the corresponding issuance of shares of the Company's common stock. Upon such approval, each outstanding share of Series A Preferred Stock was automatically converted into the number of shares of the Company's common stock described below. Each share of Series A Preferred Stock was deemed to have an original issue price of $4.00 per share (the "Original Issue Amount"). The number of shares of the Company's common stock issued upon conversion of each share of Series A Preferred Stock was equal to the product of (i) the sum of (A) the Original Issue Amount plus (B) an amount equal to the cumulative amount of the accrued and unpaid dividends on such share at such time divided by (ii) the Original Issue Amount, subject to adjustment.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The Escrow Common Shares were withheld pending a determination by the United States Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") that no tax withholding was required by Arq Ltd. on the Purchase Consideration issued to Arq Ltd. (the "Arq Ltd. Tax Liability"). The Company estimated the fair value of the potential Arq Ltd. Tax Liability at $3.3 million. In the event that the IRS determined that no withholding was required by Arq Ltd., all of the Escrow Common Shares would be released and delivered to Arq Ltd. In the event that the IRS determined that any amount of withholding was required by Arq Ltd., the Company agreed to redeem a sufficient number of Escrow Common Shares to fund the required payment to the IRS, and that number of Escrow Common Shares would be returned to the Company. In April 2024, the Company received notice from Arq Ltd. that the IRS had approved its filing for no tax withholding on the Purchase Consideration. Accordingly, in April 2024, the Company instructed its stock transfer agent to release the Escrow Common Shares to the Arq Ltd. stockholders.

Equity Financing

On February 1, 2023, and pursuant to the Arq Acquisition, the Company entered into Subscription Agreements (the "Subscription Agreements") with certain persons (the "Subscribers"), which included existing shareholders of Arq Ltd., three of which were appointed to the Company's Board of Directors (the "Board"), pursuant to which the Subscribers subscribed for and purchased shares of the Company's common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $15.4 million and at a price per share of $4.00 (such transaction, the "PIPE Investment").

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The following represents the pro forma effects for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 of the Arq Acquisition as if it had occurred on January 1, 2023. The pro forma net loss for the period presented has been calculated after applying the Company’s accounting policies in effect for that period. In addition, pro forma net loss includes: (1) a decrease in depreciation and amortization of $0.2 million resulting from fair value adjustments to Property, plant, equipment; (2) an increase in amortization of $0.1 million resulting from fair value adjustments to intangible assets; and (3) increases to interest expense of $0.2 million for: (a) the issuance of the CFG Loan (as defined below) including stated interest and the amortization of the CFG Loan's discount and issuance costs and (b) amortization of debt discount related to a fair value adjustment to the CTB Loan (as defined below), which was assumed by the Company on the Acquisition Date; together with the income tax effects on (1) through (3). Since Legacy Arq had no revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, pro forma revenues are the same as the Company's reported revenues for that period.


(in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Revenues	$	71,079
Net loss	$	(12,100)

Note 3 - Revenue

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, all material performance obligations related to revenue recognized were satisfied at a point in time. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, approximately 5% and 7%, respectively, of total revenue was generated in Canada, and all other revenues were generated in the U.S. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, 7% and 8%, respectively, of total revenue was generated in Canada, and all other revenues were generated in the U.S.

Trade receivables

Trade receivables represent an unconditional right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to a customer. The Company invoices its customers in accordance with the terms of the contract. Credit terms are generally net 30 - 45 days from the date of invoice. The timing between the satisfaction of performance obligations and when payment is due from the customer is generally not significant.

Contract assets

Contract assets are comprised of unbilled receivables from customers and are included in Receivables, net in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unbilled receivables represent a conditional right to consideration in exchange for goods or services transferred to a customer.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table shows the components of the Company's Receivables, net:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023


Trade and other receivables, net	$	16,465	$	11,330

Unbilled receivables	125		4,862
Receivables, net	$	16,590	$	16,192

Contract liabilities

Contract liabilities are comprised of deferred revenue, which represents an obligation to transfer goods or services to a customer for which the Company has received consideration from the customer and, if deliverable within one year or less, are included in "Other current liabilities" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and, if deliverable outside of one year, are included in "Other long-term liabilities" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 4 - Inventories, net

The following table summarizes the Company's inventories as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Product inventory, net	$	11,498	$	9,524
Raw material inventory	6,989		10,169

Total inventories, net	$	18,487	$	19,693

Note 5 - Debt Obligations


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
CFG Loan due February 2027, related party	$	10,000	$	10,000
CTB Loan due January 2036	9,123		9,527
Finance lease obligations	2,192		3,465
Other	258		—
	21,573		22,992
Unamortized debt discounts	(623)		(815)
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(992)		(1,250)

	19,958		20,927
Less: Current maturities	(2,324)		(2,653)
Total long-term debt obligations	$	17,634	$	18,274

CFG Loan

As required under the Purchase Agreement, and on February 1, 2023 (the "Closing Date"), the Company, as borrower, certain of its subsidiaries, as guarantors, and CF Global ("CFG"), a related party, as administrative agent and lender, entered into a term loan (the "CFG Loan") in the amount of $10.0 million, less original issue discount ("OID") of $0.2 million, upon execution of a Term Loan and Security Agreement (the "CFG Loan Agreement"). The Company received net cash proceeds of $8.5 million after deducting the OID and debt issuance costs of $1.3 million. One of the Company's directors is a principal with CFG.

The CFG Loan Agreement also required the issuance of a warrant (the "Warrant") to CFG to purchase 325,457 shares of the Company's common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share. The Warrant had a term of 7 years and contained a cashless exercise provision. On March 29, 2024, CFG exercised the warrant in full and the Company issued CFG 324,955 shares of its common stock, net of shares representing the exercise price of the warrant.

The CFG Loan matures on February 1, 2027 and bears interest at a rate equal to either (a) Adjusted Term SOFR (subject to a 1.00% floor and a cap of 2.00%) plus a margin of 9.00% paid in cash and 5.00% paid in kind or (b) Base Rate (as defined in the CFG Loan Agreement) plus a margin of 8.00% paid in cash and 5.00% paid in kind, which interest on the CFG Loan in each case shall be payable (or capitalized, in the case of in kind interest) quarterly in arrears.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The Company may prepay the CFG Loan at any time subject to the following prepayment premium: (i) prior to the twelve month anniversary of the Closing Date, the Make-Whole Amount (as defined below), (ii) thereafter but prior to the thirty-six month anniversary of the Closing Date, 2.00% of the outstanding principal amount of the CFG Loan being repaid or prepaid or (iii) thereafter until the maturity date, 1.00% of the outstanding principal amount of the CFG Loan being repaid or prepaid. The "Make-Whole Amount," with respect to any repayment or prepayment, is (i) an amount equal to all required interest payable (except for currently accrued and unpaid interest) on the aggregate principal amount of the CFG Loan subject to such prepayment or repayment from the date of such prepayment or repayment through but excluding the date that is the first anniversary of the Closing Date calculated using an interest rate equal to (x) Adjusted Term SOFR for an interest period of one month in effect on the third U.S. Government Securities Business Day prior to such prepayment or repayment plus (y) 14.00% per annum and assuming all interest was paid in cash, plus (ii) a prepayment premium of 2.00% on the aggregate principal amount of the CFG Loan subject to such prepayment or repayment.

The CFG Loan is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries (including those acquired in the Acquisition, but excluding those pledged as collateral (the "CTB Loan Assets") under the CTB Loan, as defined and described below), subject to customary exceptions. The CFG Loan Agreement includes, among others, the following covenants: (1) a minimum unrestricted balance of $5.0 million as of the end of each fiscal quarter; (2) (x) as of December 31, 2024, for the fiscal year then ended, the Company must have a minimum annual revenue, on a consolidated basis, of $85.0 million and (y) for any fiscal year thereafter, the Company must have a minimum annual revenue, on a consolidated basis, of $100.0 million; (3) (x) as of December 31, 2024, for the fiscal year then ended, the Company must have a minimum Consolidated EBITDA of $3.0 million and (y) for any fiscal year thereafter, the Company must have a minimum Consolidated EBITDA of $16.0 million; and (4) during a period including a LTV Trigger Event (as defined in the CFG Loan Agreement), the Company must not exceed a loan to value ratio of 0.40:1.00 (based on the consolidated total assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, but excluding the CTB Loan Assets).

The Company allocated the cash proceeds of the CFG Loan to both the CFG Loan and the Warrant based on their relative fair values. The amount allocated to the Warrant was recorded as a debt discount and is amortized to interest expense over the term of the CFG Loan. The standalone fair value of the CFG Loan was based on a comparison of borrowings and associated credit ratings consistent with those of the Company. As the Warrant was exercisable for $0.01 per share, the fair value was deemed to be equal to the fair value of the underlying shares, and accordingly, the fair value of the Warrant was determined as the number of shares issuable from the exercise of the Warrant (based on 1.0% of post-transaction fully diluted share capital, as defined in the Purchase Agreement) multiplied by the closing share price of the Company's common stock on the Acquisition Date.

CTB Loan

Upon completion of the Arq Acquisition, the Company assumed a term loan (the "CTB Loan") held by certain Arq subsidiaries as set out in the CTB Loan (the "Arq Subsidiaries") with a financial institution ("CTB") in the principal amount of $10.0 million. The Company recorded the CTB Loan on the Acquisition Date at its estimated fair value of $9.7 million, with the difference of $0.3 million between the estimated fair value and the principal amount recorded as a debt discount and recognized as interest expense over the term of the CTB Loan.

The CTB Loan was originally entered into on January 27, 2021 and is comprised of two promissory notes (the "Notes"): (1) "Note A" in the principal amount of $8.0 million, which is guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; and (2) "Note B" in the principal amount of $2.0 million. The Notes mature on January 27, 2036 and bear interest at 6.0% per annum through January 2026 and at the prime rate plus 2.75% thereafter. The Company is required to make combined interest and principal payments monthly in the fixed amount of $0.1 million. Interest is computed and payable on the outstanding principal as of the end of the prior month and the balance of the fixed monthly payment amount is applied to the outstanding principal. The Notes carry a prepayment penalty of 3.0% of the outstanding principal if paid prior to January 27, 2024, 2.0% of the outstanding principal if paid prior to January 27, 2025 and 1.0% of the outstanding principal if paid prior to January 27, 2026. Thereafter, the Notes may be prepaid without penalty.

On June 2, 2023 (the "Amendment Date"), certain of the Arq Subsidiaries, which included Corbin Project LLC, Arq Projects Holding Company LLC, Arq St. Rose LLC, Arq Corbin LLC and Arq Corbin Land LLC (collectively, the "Borrowers") and CTB entered into a loan modification agreement (the "CTB Loan Modification Agreement") to the CTB Loan, as amended by that certain letter agreement by and among CTB and Borrowers dated January 21, 2022, and as otherwise amended, modified and/or extended by the parties from time to time (collectively, the "CTB Loan Agreement"). As consideration for CTB entering into the CTB Loan Modification Agreement, the Borrowers agreed to pay a fee of $50,000 plus additional fees incurred by CTB and were required to deposit an additional $0.7 million into a deposit account (the "Interest Reserve Account" as defined in the CTB Loan Agreement), where the Interest Reserve Account is held as collateral by CTB. The Borrowers may withdraw funds from the Interest Reserve Account beginning one year from the Amendment Date, subject to restrictions as stated in the CTB Loan Modification Agreement.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The CTB Loan Modification Agreement clarified and modified certain terms under the CTB Loan Agreement. The principal clarifications and modifications in effect are as follows:

•The Borrowers are not entitled to any further disbursements of proceeds under those promissory notes described in the CTB Loan Modification Agreement;

•CTB agreed to waive certain required financial covenants required as of December 31, 2023; and

•CTB is authorized to amend and/or amend and restate its then-current security instruments to include additional collateral represented by the Borrowers' acquisition of any equipment or other fixed and/or operating assets in which CTB does not then hold a lien or security interest.

The CTB Loan is secured by substantially all assets of the Borrowers and includes among others, the following covenants with respect to the Borrowers, which are tested annually (Capitalized terms are defined in the CTB Loan Agreement): (a) Total Indebtedness to Net Worth greater than 4 to 1; (b) Balance Sheet Equity greater than or equal to 20% of the book value of all assets of the Borrowers; (c) (i) net income plus interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization divided by (ii) interest expense plus current maturities on long-term debt greater than or equal to 1.25 to 1.

The carrying values of both the CFG Loan and the CTB Loan approximate their fair values as both instruments bear interest at rates indexed to market rates for similar instruments.

Note 6 - Leases

The Company's operating and finance lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following items (in thousands):


	As of
Leases	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating Leases






Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (1)	$	9,331	$	10,592

Operating lease obligations, current	$	1,991	$	1,944
Long-term operating lease obligations	7,569		8,870
Total operating lease obligation	$	9,560	$	10,814

Finance Leases



Finance lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (2)	$	975	$	1,694

Finance lease obligations, current	$	1,699	$	2,131
Long-term finance lease obligations	493		1,334
Total finance lease obligations	$	2,192	$	3,465

(1) Operating lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $4.0 million and $5.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(2) Finance lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $3.0 million and $2.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Operating leases

ROU assets under operating leases and operating lease liabilities are included in the "Other long-term assets" and "Other current liabilities" and "Other long-term liabilities" line items, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Lease expense for operating leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.3 million and $4.0 million, respectively, of which $0.9 million and $2.9 million, respectively, is included in the "Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization" line item, and $0.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively, is included in the "Selling, general and administrative" line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for those periods.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Lease expense for operating leases for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $1.6 million and $4.3 million, respectively, of which $1.2 million and $3.4 million, respectively, is included in the "Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization" line item, and $0.4 million and $0.9 million, respectively, is included in the "Selling, general and administrative" line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for those periods.

Finance leases

ROU assets under finance leases are included in the "Property, plant and equipment" line item in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. Interest expense related to finance lease obligations and amortization of ROU assets under finance leases are included in the "Interest expense" and "Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion" line items, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Lease financial information as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is provided in the following table:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024			2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	46	$	215	$	466		$	661
Interest on lease liabilities	50		59		149			190
Operating lease cost	773		1,000		2,448			3,017
Short-term lease cost	437		481		1,220			1,132
Variable lease cost (1)	104		81		313			145

Total lease cost	$	1,410	$	1,836	$	4,596		$	5,145

Other Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for finance leases					$	149		$	190
Operating cash flows for operating leases					$	1,512		$	2,087
Financing cash flows for finance leases					$	838		$	855
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities					$	—		$	—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities					$	257		$	1,947
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases					1.2 years			2.1 years
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases					7.4 years			7.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases					6.4		%	5.9		%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases					12.4		%	12.7		%

(1) Primarily includes common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance payable to lessors.

Note 7 - Commitments and Contingencies

Surety Bonds and Restricted Cash

As the owner of the Five Forks Mine, the Company is required to post a surety bond with a regulatory commission related to performance requirements associated with the Five Forks Mine. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of this surety bond was $7.5 million.

The Company leases land adjacent to the Corbin Facility and is required to post surety bonds with a regulatory commission for reclamation. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of these surety bonds was $3.0 million.

The Company holds permits for an abandoned mine in West Virginia ("Mine 4") and is required to post a surety bond with a regulatory commission for reclamation. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of this surety bond was $0.7 million.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company posted cash collateral of $8.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively, as required by the Company's surety bond providers, which is reported as long-term restricted cash in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2024, the Company holds a deposit of $0.4 million with a third party for collateral as required under a bonding arrangement for Mine 4. This deposit is included in "Other long-term assets, net" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024.

The Company has a customer supply agreement that requires the Company to post a performance bond in an amount equal to the annual contract value of $3.7 million. As of September 30, 2024, the remaining commitment under this customer contract, which expires on December 31, 2024, was approximately $1.3 million.

Red River Plant Construction Contract

In January 2024, the Company executed a contract with a third-party contractor for the construction of a GAC facility at the Red River Plant, and immediately commenced construction operations. The Company terminated the contract in September 2024, and anticipates completing construction and commissioning with internal resources fulfilling the role of the third-party contractor. The Company expects to complete its first deliveries in the first quarter of 2025 and estimates that total construction costs will be in the range of $75.0 - $80.0 million.

Tinuum Group

The Company has certain limited obligations contingent upon future events in connection with the activities of Tinuum Group. The Company, NexGen Refined Coal, LLC ("NexGen") and two entities affiliated with NexGen have provided another Tinuum Group owner with limited guarantees (the "Tinuum Group Party Guarantees") related to certain losses it may suffer as a result of inaccuracies or breach of representations and covenants. The Company also is a party to a contribution agreement with NexGen under which any party called upon to pay on a Tinuum Group Party Guaranty is entitled to receive contribution from the other party equal to 50% of the amount paid. No liability or expense provision has been recorded by the Company related to this contingent obligation as the Company believes that it is not probable that a loss will occur with respect to Tinuum Group Party Guarantees.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has a contractual obligation (the "Tinuum Group Obligation") of $1.7 million for its share of certain contingent liabilities of Tinuum Group as required under the Distribution and Repayment Agreement (the "Repayment Agreement") that was executed in December 2022 by the Company and certain owners of Tinuum Group. The Tinuum Group Obligation is included in the "Other current liabilities" line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Legal Proceedings

The Company is from time to time subject to various pending or threatened legal actions and proceedings, including those that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Such matters are subject to many uncertainties and outcomes, the financial impacts of which are not predictable with assurance and that may not be known for extended periods of time. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for costs related to claims, settlements and judgments where management has assessed that a loss is probable and an amount can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2024, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 8 - Supplemental Financial Information

Supplemental Balance Sheet Information

The following table summarizes the components of Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other long-term assets, net as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023








Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Prepaid expenses	$	1,317	$	2,430
Prepaid income taxes and income tax refunds	192		349
Other	2,021		2,436
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	3,530	$	5,215

Other long-term assets, net:
Spare parts, net	$	10,753	$	9,147
Right of use assets, operating leases, net	9,331		10,592
Intangible assets, net	7,644		7,899
Mine development costs, net	7,125		7,377
Upfront Customer Consideration (1)	5,586		5,967
Mine reclamation asset, net	1,856		1,955
Other	2,546		2,663


Total other long-term assets, net	$	44,841	$	45,600

(1) Represents remaining balance on consideration paid to a customer under a supply contract executed in 2020. This asset is being amortized as a reduction to revenue on a straight-line basis over the expected 15-year contractual period of the contract.

Spare parts include critical spares required to support plant operations.

Mine development costs include acquisition costs, the cost of other development work and mitigation costs related to the Five Forks Mine and are depleted over the estimated life of the related mine reserves.

Mine reclamation asset, net represents an asset retirement obligation ("ARO") asset related to the Five Forks Mine and is depreciated over its estimated life.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, Other includes the Highview Investment in the amount of $0.6 million that is carried at cost, less impairment, plus or minus observable changes in price for identical or similar investments of the same issuer.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following table details the components of Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other current liabilities:
Current portion of operating lease obligations	$	1,991	$	1,944
Sales, use and other taxes payable	1,719		948
Current portion of asset retirement obligations	1,259		182



Other(1)	2,702		2,718
Total other current liabilities	$	7,671	$	5,792

Other long-term liabilities:
Operating lease obligations, long-term	$	7,569	$	8,870
Asset retirement obligations	5,335		5,981



Other	1,125		929
Total other long-term liabilities	$	14,029	$	15,780

(1) Included in Other current liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is $1.7 million for the Tinuum Group Obligation as discussed in Note 7.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the ARO related to the Five Forks Mine is included in Other long-term liabilities.

The Mine reclamation liabilities represent AROs. Changes in the AROs were as follows:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period	$	6,163	$	8,533
Asset retirement obligations assumed(1)	—		1,500
Accretion	496		582
Liabilities settled(2)	(65)		(4,866)
Changes due to scope and timing of reclamation	—		414
Asset retirement obligations, end of period	6,594		6,163
Less current portion	1,259		182
Asset retirement obligations, long-term	$	5,335	$	5,981

(1) Represents the Corbin ARO and Mine 4 ARO in the amounts of $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, assumed during the period ended December 31, 2023.

(2) Included in liabilities settled during the period ended December 31, 2023 is $4.7 million related to the removal of the ARO associated with Marshall Mine, LLC as a result of the sale of Marshall Mine, LLC in March 2023.

Supplemental Income Statement Information

Tinuum Group, LLC

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company's ownership interest in Tinuum Group, an equity method investment, was 42.5%. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized earnings from Tinuum Group of $0.1 million. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized earnings from Tinuum Group of $0.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively. In 2024, Tinuum Group, LLC has continued to wind down its operations.

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recognized expense of $0.2 million and $0.7 million, respectively, in Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, related to royalties owed to Tinuum Group under an agreement for certain of the Company's sales of M-ProveTM products. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized expense of $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, in Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, related to royalties owed to Tinuum Group under an agreement for certain of the Company's sales of M-ProveTM products.

Note 9 - Stockholders' Equity

Common Stock Transactions

In April 2024, the Company received $0.8 million in cash and issued 422,221 shares of its common stock pursuant to a subscription agreement between the Company and its CEO executed in July 2023.

In May 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "SPA") with certain accredited investors for the sale of an aggregate of 2,142,858 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a selling price of $7.00 per share (the "Private Placement"). After deducting offering costs, the Company raised net cash proceeds of $15.0 million from the Private Placement.

In September 2024, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement") with certain underwriters, relating to the issuance and sale of 4,770,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price to the public of $5.25 per share, as well as an overallotment option to purchase an additional 715,500 shares within 30 days following the date of the Underwriting Agreement (the "Public Offering"). The Company issued a total of 5,485,500 shares, inclusive of 715,500 shares issued pursuant to the underwriters' fully exercised overallotment option, and received net proceeds, after deducting offering costs, of approximately $26.7 million from the Public Offering.

Stock Repurchase Program

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.0 million remaining under a stock repurchase program, which will remain in effect until all amounts are utilized or is otherwise modified by the Board. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023.

Tax Asset Protection Plan

U.S. federal income tax rules, and Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code in particular, could substantially limit the use of net operating losses and tax credits if the Company experiences an "ownership change" (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code). In general, an ownership change occurs if there is a cumulative change in the ownership of the Company by "5 percent stockholders" that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period.

An entity that experiences an ownership change generally will be subject to an annual limitation on its pre-ownership change tax loss and credit carryforwards equal to the equity value of the entity immediately before the ownership change, multiplied by the long-term, tax-exempt rate posted monthly by the Internal Revenue Service (subject to certain adjustments). The annual limitation would be increased each year to the extent that there is an unused limitation in a prior year.

On May 5, 2017, the Board approved the declaration of a dividend of rights to purchase Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock for each outstanding share of common stock as part of a tax asset protection plan (the "TAPP"), which is designed to protect the Company’s ability to utilize its net operating losses and tax credits. The TAPP is intended to act as a deterrent to any person acquiring beneficial ownership of 4.99% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock.

On April 12, 2024, the Board approved the Seventh Amendment to the TAPP (the "Seventh Amendment"), which amends the TAPP, as previously amended by the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments that were approved by the Board on April 6, 2018, April 5, 2019, April 9, 2020, April 9, 2021, March 15, 2022, and April 13, 2023, respectively. The Seventh Amendment amends the definition of "Final Expiration Date" under the TAPP to extend the duration of the TAPP and makes associated changes in connection therewith. Pursuant to the Seventh Amendment, the Final Expiration Date shall be the close of business on the earlier of (i) December 31, 2025 or (ii) December 31, 2024 if stockholder approval of the Seventh Amendment has not been obtained prior to such date. At the Company's 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 10, 2024, the Company's stockholders approved the Seventh Amendment, thus the final expiration date will be the close of business on December 31, 2025.

Note 10 - Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants equity-based awards to employees, non-employee directors and consultants that may include, but are not limited to, RSAs, PSUs, restricted stock units and stock options. Stock-based compensation expense related to manufacturing

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

employees and administrative employees is included in the "Cost of revenue" and "Selling, general and administrative" line items, respectively, in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Stock-based compensation expense related to non-employee directors and consultants is included in the "Selling, general and administrative" line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Total stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023
RSA expense	$	483	$	501	$	1,268	$	1,405

PSU expense	206		151		735		355
Stock option expense	61		50		182		50
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	750	$	702	$	2,185	$	1,810

The amount of unrecognized compensation cost as of September 30, 2024, and the expected weighted-average period over which the cost will be recognized is as follows:


	As of September 30, 2024
(in thousands, expect years)	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)
RSA expense	$	3,414	1.82

PSU expense	1,400		1.09
Stock option expense	435		1.79
Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	$	5,249	1.62

Restricted Stock Awards

RSAs are typically granted with vesting terms of three years. The fair value of RSAs is determined based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the authorization date of the grant multiplied by the number of shares subject to the stock award. Compensation expense for RSAs is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the entire vesting period.

A summary of RSA activity under the Company's various stock compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Restricted Stock	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value

Non-vested at January 1, 2024	790,005	$	3.10
Granted	577,159	$	5.79
Vested	(541,166)	$	3.34
Forfeited	(55,197)	$	2.82
Non-vested at September 30, 2024	770,801	$	4.99

Performance Share Units

Compensation expense for PSUs is recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable service period, which is generally three years, based on the estimated fair value at the date of grant. The estimated fair value at the date of grant is

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model for those PSUs with market-based performance conditions. A summary of PSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
PSUs outstanding, January 1, 2024	968,918	$	2.06
Granted	115,877	$	10.94
Vested / Settled(1)	(150,000)	$	2.28
Forfeited / Canceled	(57,750)	$	5.90
PSUs outstanding, September 30, 2024	877,045	$	2.94	$	5,148	1.09

(1) The number of units shown in the table above are based on target performance. The final number of shares of common stock issued may vary depending on the achievement of market or performance conditions established within the awards, which could result in the actual number of shares issued ranging from zero to a maximum of two times the number of units shown in the above table. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, 150,000 shares of common stock were issued upon vesting of PSUs.

Stock Options

Stock options vest over three years and have a contractual limit of ten years from the date of grant to exercise. The fair value of stock options granted is determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, and the related expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the entire vesting period. The determination of the grant date fair value of stock options issued is affected by a number of variables, including the fair value of the Company’s common stock, the expected common stock price volatility over the expected term of the stock option, the expected term of the stock option, risk-free interest rates, and the expected dividend yield of the Company’s common stock.

Risk-free interest rate - The risk-free interest rate for stock options granted was determined by using a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury rate for the periods that coincided with the expected term of the options.

Dividend yield - An expected dividend yield of zero was included in the calculations, as the Company does not currently pay nor does it anticipate paying dividends on its common stock as of the grant date of the stock options.

Expected volatility - To calculate expected volatility, the historical volatility of the Company's common stock was used.

Expected term - The Company’s expected term of stock options was calculated using a simplified method whereby the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term is utilized to compute the expected term, as the Company does not have sufficient historical data for options with similar vesting and contractual terms.

The Company did not grant any stock options during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The Company granted 1,000,000 stock options during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Number of Options Outstanding and Exercisable	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)

Options outstanding, January 1, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	—	—
Options expired / forfeited	—	—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00	$	2,870	8.79
Options vested and exercisable, September 30, 2024	333,333	$	3.00	$	957	8.79

Arq, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 11 - Income Taxes

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company's income tax (expense) benefit and effective tax rates are presented below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except for rate)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Income tax (expense) benefit	$	—		$	—		$	(30)		$	33
Effective tax rate	—		%	—		%	1		%	—		%

The Company incurred pretax loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and expects to incur pretax loss for the year ending December 31, 2024. As a result, the effective rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 would be zero as the resultant tax benefit was offset by a valuation allowance recorded as of September 30, 2024, However, the Company recorded out of period state income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 resulting in the effective tax rate of 1% for this period.

The Company assesses a valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets at each reporting date. The determination of whether a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is appropriate requires the evaluation of positive and negative evidence that can be objectively verified. Consideration must be given to all sources of taxable income available to realize deferred tax assets, including, as applicable, the future reversal of existing temporary differences, future taxable income forecasts exclusive of the reversal of temporary differences and carryforwards, taxable income in carryback years and tax planning strategies. In estimating income taxes, the Company assesses the relative merits and risks of the appropriate income tax treatment of transactions taking into account statutory, judicial and regulatory guidance.

Note 12 - Marshall Mine

On March 27, 2023, (the "MM Closing Date"), the Company completed the sale of all of its membership interests in Marshall Mine, LLC to a third party (the "Buyer") in exchange for a cash payment of $2.2 million (the "MM Purchase Price") made by the Company to the Buyer and the assumption by the Buyer of certain liabilities of Marshall Mine, LLC. As of the MM Closing Date, Marshall Mine, LLC had outstanding liabilities of approximately $4.9 million that were discharged upon payment of the MM Purchase Price by the Company, and the Company recognized a gain of approximately $2.7 million in the Statement of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Note 13 - Subsequent Events

Unless disclosed elsewhere in the notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, there were no significant matters that occurred subsequent to September 30, 2024.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of our operations should be read together with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes of Arq, Inc. ("Arq" or the "Company") included elsewhere in Item 1 of Part I ("Item 1") of this Quarterly Report and with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes of Arq included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "2023 Form 10-K").

The results of operations discussed in this "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" are those of Arq, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, collectively, the "Company," "we," "our" or "us."

Overview

We are an environmental technology company that is principally engaged in the sale of consumable air and water treatment solutions primarily based on Activated Carbon ("AC"). Our proprietary AC products enable customers to reduce air, water, and soil contaminants, including mercury, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances ("PFAS") and other pollutants, to help our customers maximize effectiveness and to improve operating efficiencies to meet the challenges of existing and pending air quality, soil, and water regulations. We manufacture and sell AC and other chemicals used to capture and remove contaminants for coal-fired power generation, industrial and water treatment markets, which we collectively refer to as the advanced purification technologies ("APT") market.

Our primary products are comprised of AC, which is produced from a variety of carbonaceous raw materials. Our AC products include both powdered activated carbon ("PAC") and granular activated carbon ("GAC"). Additionally, we own the Five Forks Mine, a lignite mine that currently supplies the primary raw material for the manufacturing of our products.

In February 2023, we acquired 100% of the equity of the subsidiaries of Arq Limited (the "Arq Acquisition," and hereafter the Arq Limited subsidiaries are referred to as "Legacy Arq") to secure access to a feedstock, a manufacturing facility and certain patented processes as a means to manufacture additional GAC products for sale into the APT market and other markets. With the Arq Acquisition, we now control bituminous coal waste reserves and own a manufacturing facility, both located in Corbin, Kentucky (the "Corbin Facility"), and a process to recover and purify the bituminous coal fines for sale or further conversion to GAC products. Using the Corbin Facility's manufacturing process, we convert coal waste into a purified, microfine carbon powder known as Arq powderTM ("Arq Powder"). We expect to begin using Arq Powder as a feedstock to manufacture high-quality GAC products for sale in the APT and other markets during the first quarter of 2025.

We believe Arq Powder has additional potential for us to access new markets and applications. We expect to secure customer interest in Arq Powder as an additive into other markets, such as components for asphalt. These products utilizing Arq Powder are expected to have a lower carbon footprint compared to similar products utilizing conventional materials. These applications are currently in various stages of proof of concept testing or preliminary customer testing.

In February 2024, as part of a larger rebranding, we changed our name to Arq, Inc., and on February 1, 2024, our common stock commenced trading under the ticker symbol, "ARQ".

Drivers of Demand and Key Factors Affecting Profitability

Drivers of demand and current key factors affecting our profitability are sales of our AC products to the APT market. Our operating results are influenced by: (1) changes in our manufacturing production and sales volumes; (2) changes in price and product mix; (3) changes in coal-fired dispatch and electricity power generation sources and (4) changes in demand for contaminant removal within water treatment facilities.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we experienced a decrease in demand for our products from certain coal-fired dispatch and electricity power generation customers compared to the same periods in 2023. This was primarily due to lower natural gas prices, resulting in several large utility customers opting to use natural gas versus coal as a primary source for power generation, and the year to date impact of mild temperatures during the winter and spring seasons, resulting in lower demand for power generation compared to 2023. We expect that natural gas prices will remain relatively consistent through 2024 due to surplus natural gas reserves in storage, which, we expect, will negatively impact sales of our products even with higher than average summer temperatures.

On April 10, 2024, the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") issued its first nationally enforceable PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation, confirming a material tightening to an existing framework of guidance and regulations relating to the control and limitation of PFAS in municipal water. The regulatory changes are anticipated to phase in over an approximate five-year period. We expect the implementation of the announced regulations will drive a material increase in GAC demand in the water purification market.

Results of Operations

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recognized net income of $1.6 million and net loss of $3.8 million, respectively, compared to net loss of $2.2 million and $15.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. The most significant factor impacting results for the three months ended September 30, 2024 was higher revenue as a result of increased average selling price, which was partially offset by a decrease in demand for our AC and chemical products with power generation customers, when compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease in demand from our power generation customers was primarily driven by continued low prices of alternative energy sources for power generation. These factors also impacted our results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded expenses related to the Arq Acquisition that did not occur in 2024.

The following sections provide additional information regarding these comparable periods. For comparability purposes, the following tables set forth our results of operations for the periods presented in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report. The current year period to prior year period comparisons of financial results may not be indicative of financial results to be achieved in future periods.

Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenue and Cost of revenue

A summary of the components of our Revenue and Cost of revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)






Revenue	$	34,774	$	29,829	$	4,945	17	%

Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	$	21,339	$	20,707	$	632	3	%

Revenue and Cost of revenue

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, revenue increased from the comparable quarter in 2023 primarily driven by overall favorable product mix and higher pricing of approximately $2.7 million and $1.2 million, respectively. The increase from favorable product mix was primarily driven by sales to municipal water customers and a large non-power generation customer. Also contributing to an increase in revenue between periods was $0.2 million attributable to volumes sold, despite lower natural gas prices compared to the same quarter in 2023, which contributed to decreased utilization of coal-fired generation and decreased demand for our products by customers in the power generation market. The average Henry Hub natural gas spot prices ($/MMBtu) for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $2.11 and $2.59, respectively.

Gross margin, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, increased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to favorable product mix as described above, as well as lower fixed costs as a percentage of total cost of revenue due to higher production volumes for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023.

We expect that revenue and gross margin will continue to be positively impacted by our product price increases and our efforts to move our product mix to higher margin products. We anticipate that the product price increases will help offset decreases in volumes due to prices of alternative energy sources impacting the demand for our AC and chemical products related to power generation.

Revenue continues to be affected by electricity demand driven by seasonal weather and related power generation needs, as well as competitor prices related to alternative power generation sources such as natural gas and renewables.

Operating Expenses

A summary of the components of our operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	8,058	$	8,297	$	(239)	(3)	%

Research and development	787		639		148		23	%

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	2,716		2,711		5		—	%

Gain on sale of assets	(154)		—		(154)		*
	$	11,407	$	11,647	$	(240)	(2)	%

* Percent change in excess of 100% not considered meaningful.

Selling, General and Administrative

A summary of the components of selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, exclusive of cost of revenue items (presented above), is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Payroll and benefits	$	2,843	$	3,875	$	(1,032)	(27)	%
Legal and professional fees	1,430		1,631		(201)		(12)	%
General and administrative	3,785		2,791		994		36	%
Total Selling, general and administrative	$	8,058	$	8,297	$	(239)	(3)	%

Payroll and benefits

Payroll and benefits, which represent costs related to selling, general and administrative personnel, decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023 primarily due to severance related costs of $1.0 million associated with the termination of an executive officer during the three months ended September 30, 2023, and decreased salaries and wages in the current quarter primarily from lower executive compensation, which was a result of personnel changes implemented in 2023.

Legal and professional fees

Legal and professional fees decreased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023 primarily from legal and accounting costs incurred related to the Arq Acquisition during the period ended September 30, 2023, partially offset by increased consulting fees.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses increased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023 by approximately $1.0 million, primarily due to an increase in rent and occupancy expenses, third-party services at the Corbin Facility, and franchise taxes.

Research and development

Research and development expense increased for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023, primarily due to conducting product qualification testing with potential lead-adopters as part of our ongoing GAC contracting process, and increased research and development payroll costs.

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion

Depreciation, amortization depletion and accretion expense remained flat for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023.

Gain on sale of assets

Gain on sale of assets for the three months ended September 30, 2024 primarily relates to a gain on the sale of equipment.

Other (Expense) Income, net

A summary of the components of other (expense) income, net for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Other (expense) income:
Earnings from equity method investments	$	127	$	412	$	(285)	(69)	%

Interest expense	(806)		(787)		(19)		2	%




Other	268		725		(457)		(63)	%
Total other (expense) income	$	(411)	$	350	$	(761)	*

* Percent change in excess of 100% not considered meaningful.

Earnings from equity method investments

Earnings from equity method investments for the three months ended September 30, 2024 represented cash distributions from Tinuum Group. Earnings from equity method investments for the three months ended September 30, 2023 represented cash distributions from both Tinuum Group and Tinuum Services. Tinuum Group continues to wind down their services into 2024. We do not expect further distributions from Tinuum Services as Tinuum Services has completed its wind-down.

Interest expense

Interest expense remained flat for the three months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023.

Other

The decrease in Other for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as compared to the corresponding quarter in 2023 was primarily driven by a decrease in interest income of $0.4 million due to lower average balances in the Company's cash sweep accounts during the current quarter compared to the prior year quarter.

Income tax expense

For the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we had pretax income of $1.6 million and pretax loss of $2.2 million, respectively. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded no income tax expense as we expect to incur pretax loss for the year ending December 31, 2024. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, we recorded no income tax benefit for the pretax loss due to the recording of a full valuation allowance based on our forecast of pretax loss for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

Total Revenue and Cost of Revenue

A summary of the components of our revenues and cost of revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)






Revenue	$	81,919	$	71,079	$	10,840	15	%

Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	$	52,279	$	53,218	$	(939)	(2)	%

Revenue and Cost of revenue

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, revenue increased from the comparable period in 2023 primarily driven by overall favorable product mix and higher pricing of approximately $5.4 million and $3.9 million, respectively. The increase from favorable product mix was primarily driven by sales to municipal water customers and a large non-power generation customer. These increases to revenue were partially offset by approximately $0.4 million attributable to lower volumes sold. Product sale volumes were lower among power generation customers primarily due to lower natural gas prices compared to the same period in 2023, which contributed to decreased utilization of coal-fired generation and decreased demand for our products. The average Henry Hub natural gas spot prices ($/MMBtu) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 were $2.11 and $2.47, respectively.

Gross margin, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to favorable product mix and pricing as described above.

Operating Expenses

A summary of the components of our operating expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	22,735	$	27,574	$	(4,839)	(18)	%

Research and development	3,341		2,145		1,196		56	%

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	6,090		7,276		(1,186)		(16)	%

Gain on sale of assets	(154)		(2,695)		2,541		(94)	%
	$	32,012	$	34,300	$	(2,288)	(7)	%

Selling, General and Administrative

A summary of the components of selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, exclusive of cost of revenue items (presented above), is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Payroll and benefits	$	8,171	$	11,277	$	(3,106)	(28)	%
Legal and professional fees	4,436		7,950		(3,514)		(44)	%
General and administrative	10,128		8,347		1,781		21	%
Total Selling, general and administrative	$	22,735	$	27,574	$	(4,839)	(18)	%

Payroll and benefits

Payroll and benefits decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily due to $1.1 million related to severance expense of former executives of Arq Limited and $1.0 million of severance related costs associated with the termination of an executive officer incurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2023, as well as decreased salaries and wages in the current year primarily from lower executive compensation, which was a result of personnel changes implemented in 2023.

Legal and professional fees

Legal and professional fees decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily from decreased consulting, legal, and accounting costs incurred related to the Arq Acquisition during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

General and administrative

General and administrative expenses increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 by approximately $1.8 million, primarily due to increases in rent and occupancy expenses, franchise tax expenses, outside construction-related labor and license and fee expenses.

Research and development

Research and development expense increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023, primarily due to conducting product qualification testing with potential lead-adopters as part of our ongoing GAC contracting process, and increased research and development payroll costs.

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion

Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion expense decreased by approximately $1.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023, primarily due to increased absorption in inventory of $1.4 million, decreased amortization of leasehold improvements, customer relationships and developed technology of $0.5 million, and decreased depletion of $0.2 million, partially offset by increased depreciation expense, primarily related to Legacy Arq assets purchased in February 2023.

Gain on sale of assets

On March 27, 2023, we completed the sale of all of our membership interests in Marshall Mine, LLC to a third party. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized a gain of $2.7 million on the sale of Marshall Mine, LLC. Gain on sale of assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily due to a gain on the sale of equipment.

Other Income (Expense), net

A summary of the components of other income (expense), net for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2024		2023		($)		(%)
Other (expense) income:
Earnings from equity method investments	$	127	$	1,512	$	(1,385)	(92)	%

Interest expense	(2,426)		(2,155)		(271)		13	%




Other	931		1,510		(579)		(38)	%
Total other (expense) income	$	(1,368)	$	867	$	(2,235)	*

* Percent change in excess of 100% not considered meaningful.

Earnings from equity method investments

Earnings from equity method investments for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 represented cash distributions from Tinuum Group. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the amount represented cash distributions from both Tinuum Group and Tinuum Services. Tinuum Group continues to wind down their services into 2024. We do not expect further distributions from Tinuum Services as Tinuum Services has completed its wind-down.

Interest expense

Interest expense increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the corresponding period in 2023 primarily due to higher interest expense of $0.3 million related to the CFG Loan incurred for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This increase was due to a higher principal balance from the accrual of interest payable upon the termination date of the CFG Loan.

Other

The decrease in Other for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 was primarily driven by a decrease in interest income of $0.5 million due to lower balances in the Company's cash sweep accounts during the current period compared to the prior year period.

Income tax expense

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, we had pretax losses of $3.7 million and $15.6 million, respectively, and recorded no income tax benefit for the pretax losses due to the recording of a full valuation allowance based on our forecast of pretax losses for the year ending December 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded out of period state income tax expense related to a state assessment.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement our financial information presented in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("U.S. GAAP"), we provide certain supplemental financial measures, including EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, which are measurements that are not calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA reduced by the non-cash impact of equity earnings from equity method investments and other non-cash gains, increased by cash distributions from equity method investments, other non-cash losses and non-recurring costs and fees. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, net income (loss) in accordance with U.S. GAAP as a measure of performance. See below for a reconciliation from net income (loss), the nearest U.S. GAAP financial measure, to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA.

We believe that the EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA measures are less susceptible to variances that affect the Company's operating performance. We include these non-GAAP measures because management uses them in the evaluation of our operating performance, and believe they help to facilitate comparison of operating results between periods. We believe the non-GAAP measures provide useful information to both management and users of the financial statements by excluding certain expenses, gains, and losses which can vary widely across different industries or among companies within the same industry and may not be indicative of core operating results and business outlook.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:

The following table reconciles net income (loss), our most directly comparable as-reported financial measure calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, to EBITDA (loss) and Adjusted EBITDA (loss).


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss) (1)	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	2,716		2,711		6,090		7,276
Amortization of Upfront Customer Consideration	127		127		381		381
Interest expense, net	600		224		1,638		822
Income tax expense (benefit)	—		—		30		(33)
EBITDA (loss)	5,060		887		4,369		(7,093)
Cash distributions from equity method investees	127		412		127		1,512
Equity earnings	(127)		(412)		(127)		(1,512)
Gain on sale of assets	(154)		—		(154)		(2,695)
Financing costs	228		—		228		—

Adjusted EBITDA (loss)	$	5,134	$	887	$	4,443	$	(9,788)

(1) Included in Net loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 are zero and $4.9 million, respectively of transaction and integration costs incurred related to the Arq Acquisition. Additionally, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, Net loss included $2.5 million and $4.2 million of Legacy Arq payroll and benefit costs. Further included in Net Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 is $1.3 million of severance expense related to two executive employees.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Current Resources and Factors Affecting Our Liquidity

As of September 30, 2024, our principal sources of liquidity included:

•cash on hand of $48.7 million, excluding $8.7 million of restricted cash, including net proceeds received from issuance and sale of our common stock of $42.4 million in the current year; and

•cash from operations.

As of September 30, 2024, our principal uses of liquidity included:

•capital expenditures, including those related to the Red River Plant expansion and commissioning of the Corbin Facility;

•our business operating expenses;

•payments on our lease obligations; and

•payments on our debt obligations.

Cash Flows

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 vs. Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023

Cash and restricted cash increased from $54.2 million as of December 31, 2023 to $57.4 million as of September 30, 2024. The following table summarizes our cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		Change
Cash and restricted cash provided by (used in):


































Operating activities	$	5,268	$	(21,145)	$	26,413











Investing activities	(42,100)		(17,304)		(24,796)













Financing activities	40,059		23,338		16,721
Net change in cash and restricted cash	$	3,227	$	(15,111)	$	18,338

Cash flow from operating activities

Cash flow from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 were $5.3 million and represented a net increase of $26.4 million from cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 of $21.1 million. The net increase was primarily attributable to a decrease in cash payments on accounts payable and accrued expenses of $9.4 million, primarily due to payments made in 2023 of Legacy Arq assumed liabilities, comprised of accrued employee-related compensation and accrued transaction costs related to the Arq Acquisition in 2023; a decrease in net loss of $11.8 million; and a decrease in non-cash items primarily from a gain of $2.7 million recognized from the sale of Marshall Mine, LLC for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Cash flow from investing activities

Cash flows used in investing activities increased for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased by $24.8 million primarily as a result of an increase in property, plant and equipment additions of $25.2 million from construction activities related to the expansion of our Red River Plant; $2.2 million of cash acquired in the Arq Acquisition during the prior year; and a decrease in distributions from equity earnings in excess of cumulative earnings of $1.4 million. Partially offsetting the net increase in cash flows used in investing activities were a cash payment of $2.2 million made in the prior year required in the sale of Marshall Mine, LLC, a decrease in expenditures on mine development costs of $1.7 million, and cash received in 2024 of $0.2 million from the sale of equipment.

Cash flow from financing activities

Cash flows provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2023 increased by $16.7 million primarily due to proceeds of $42.4 million, net of offering costs, we received related to issuance and sale of our common stock in both the Public Offering and the Private Placement, including $0.8 million received in April 2024 pursuant to a subscription agreement between the Company and its CEO executed in July 2023. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, cash flows from financing activities included the receipt of proceeds of $15.2 million, net, from the PIPE Investment and proceeds from the CFG Loan of $8.5 million, net of debt issuance costs paid.

Material Cash Requirements

Our ability to continue to generate sufficient cash flow required to meet ongoing operational needs and obligations depends upon several factors. These include executing on our contracts and initiatives and increasing our share of the market for APT consumables, including expanding our overall AC business into additional adjacent markets and increasing our gross margin by improving our customer and product mix.

We expect that our cash on hand as of September 30, 2024 and proceeds from additional debt financing, if needed, will provide sufficient liquidity to fund operations for the next 12 months while maintaining the cadence of our capital expenditures.

Capital expenditures

We have targeted the first quarter of 2025 for our first GAC deliveries. To meet this target, we need to incur substantial capital spend for additional equipment, labor, and project costs. We expect to finance the timely completion of the project with cash on hand, cash generation from operations, ongoing cost reduction initiatives, potential customer prepayments for GAC contracts, and an anticipated refinancing and expansion of the CFG Loan.

During 2024, we expect to spend between $60 and $70 million on construction and commissioning of our plants, depending on the pace of the project. Capital expenditures planned for 2024 are dependent on many factors, which may impact the timing and amount of capital expenditures, with $20 to $25 million expected to be spent in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Surety Bonds

As of September 30, 2024, we had outstanding surety bonds with regulatory commissions totaling $11.2 million primarily related to the Five Forks Mine and the Corbin Facility. As of September 30, 2024, and as required by our surety bond provider, we held restricted cash of $8.5 million pledged as collateral related to performance requirements required under a reclamation contract for the Five Forks Mine and the Corbin Facility. We expect that the obligations secured by these surety bonds will be performed in the ordinary course of business and in accordance with the applicable contractual terms. To the extent that the obligations are performed, the related surety bonds may be released and collateral requirements may be reduced. However, in the event any surety bond is called, our indemnity obligations could require us to reimburse the surety bond provider.

Long Term Requirements

For a discussion of our long-term cash requirements, which relate primarily to our obligations under the CFG Loan and CTB Loan, see Note 5 of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our critical accounting policies and estimates have not changed from those reported in Part II, Item 7 - "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the 2023 Form 10-K.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Refer to Note 1 of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for information regarding recently issued accounting standards applicable to us.

Forward-Looking Statements Found in this Quarterly Report

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act") and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") that involve risks and uncertainties. Words or phrases such as "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "intends," "plans," "estimates," "predicts," the negative expressions of such words, or similar expressions are used in this Quarterly Report to identify forward-looking statements, and such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements or expectations regarding:

(a)the anticipated effects from an increase in pricing of our AC products;

(b)the anticipated effects from an increase in costs of our AC products and related cost increases in supply and logistics;

(c)expected supply and demand for our AC products and services;

(d)the ability to successfully integrate Legacy Arq's business;

(e)the ability to develop and utilize Legacy Arq’s products and technology and the anticipated timing for bringing such products to market;

(f)the ability to make Legacy Arq's products commercially viable;

(g)the expected future demand of Legacy Arq's products;

(h)future level of research and development activities;

(i)future plant capacity expansions and site development projects, including the GAC facility at our Red River Plant;

(j)the effectiveness of our technologies and the benefits they provide;

(k)the timing of awards of, and work and related testing under, our contracts and agreements and their value;

(l)the timing and amounts of, or changes in, future revenues, funding for our business and projects, margins, expenses, earnings, tax rates, cash flows, working capital, liquidity and other financial and accounting measures;

(m)the performance of obligations secured by our surety bonds;

(n)the amount and timing of future capital expenditures needed for our business plan;

(o)the amount, timing, and favorability of terms related to additional required financing;

(p)the adoption and scope of regulations to control certain chemicals in drinking water and other environmental concerns;

(q)opportunities to effectively provide solutions to U.S. coal-related businesses to comply with regulations, improve efficiency, lower costs and maintain reliability; and

(r)the impact of prices of competing power generation sources such as natural gas and renewable energy on demand for our products.

The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report involve risks and uncertainties. Actual events or results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors including, but not limited to, timing and scope of new and pending regulations and any legal challenges to or extensions of compliance dates of them; the U.S. government’s failure to promulgate regulations that benefit our business; changes in laws and regulations, accounting rules, prices, economic conditions and market demand; impact of competition; availability, cost of and demand for alternative energy sources and other technologies; technical, start up and operational difficulties; competition within the industries in which we operate; our inability to commercialize our products on favorable terms; our inability to effectively and efficiently commercialize new products; changes in construction costs or availability of construction materials; our inability to effectively manage construction and startup of the GAC facility at our Red River Plant or Corbin Facility; our inability to obtain required financing or financing on terms that are favorable to us; our inability to ramp up our operations to effectively address recent and expected growth in our business; loss of key personnel; ongoing effects of inflation and macroeconomic uncertainty, including from the ongoing armed conflicts around the world, and such uncertainty's effect on market demand and input costs; availability of materials and equipment for our business; intellectual property infringement claims from third parties; pending litigation; other factors relating to our business strategy, goals and expectations concerning the Arq Acquisition (including future operations, future performance or results); our ability to maintain relationships with customers, suppliers and others with whom we do business and meet supply requirements, or our results of operations and business generally; risks related to diverting management's attention from our ongoing business operations; costs related to the Arq Acquisition; opportunities for additional sales of our AC products and end-market diversification; our ability to meet customer supply requirements; the rate of coal-fired power generation in the U.S.; the timing and cost of capital expenditures and the resultant impact to our liquidity and cash flows; and the other risk factors described in our other filings with the SEC, including the 2023 Form 10-K. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report and to consult filings we have made and will make with the SEC for additional discussion concerning risks and uncertainties that may apply to our business and the ownership of our securities. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are presented as of the date hereof, and we disclaim any duty to update such statements unless required by law.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The information under this Item is not required to be provided by smaller reporting companies.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a‑15(b) under the Exchange Act, we have evaluated, under the supervision of and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Based upon this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2024.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

On February 1, 2023, we acquired Legacy Arq and, as permitted by Securities and Exchange Commission Staff interpretative guidance for newly acquired businesses, management excluded Legacy Arq from our assessment of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. We are in the process of documenting and testing Legacy Arq's internal controls over financial reporting and will incorporate Legacy Arq into our annual report on internal control over financial reporting for the year ending December 31, 2024.

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in litigation, claims and other proceedings related to the conduct of our business. Information with respect to this item may be found in Note 7 "Commitments and Contingencies" to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material updates to our risk factors as disclosed in the 2023 Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Share Repurchases

We maintain a program to repurchase up to $20.0 million of shares of our common stock under a stock repurchase program through open market transactions at prevailing market prices, of which $7.0 million remained available as of September 30, 2024. No repurchases were made during the three months ended September 30, 2024.

Tax Withholding

The following table contains information about common shares that we withheld from delivering to employees during the third quarter of 2024 to satisfy their respective tax obligations related to stock-based awards.

Period

Total Number of Common Shares Purchased

Average Price
Paid per
Common Share

Total Number of Common Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs

Maximum Number (or Dollar Value) of Common Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs

July 1 to July 31, 2024

26,878

5.46

N/A

August 1 to August 31, 2024

—

N/A

September 1 to September 30, 2024

2,029

6.11

N/A

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

The information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K (17 CFR 229.104) is included in Exhibit 95.1 to this Quarterly Report.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, no director or officer of the Company adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement, as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.

Description

Form

File No.

Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit

Filing Date

3.1

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Arq, Inc., as amended

10-Q

001-37822

3.1

May 8, 2024

3.2

Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc.

10-Q

000-54992

3.1

August 9, 2013

3.3

Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, effective February 1, 2024

8-K

001-37822

3.1

January 31, 2024

3.4

Certificate of Designations of Series A Preferred Stock

8-K

001-37822

3.1

February 1, 2023

3.5

Certificate of Designation, Preferences, and Rights of Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock of Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc.

8-K

001-37822

3.1

May 8, 2017

10.1

Underwriting Agreement, dated September 20, 2024, by and between the Company and Canaccord Genuity LLC as representative of the underwriters named therein.

8-K

001-37822

1.1

September 20, 2024

31.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer of Arq, Inc. Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a) or 17 CFR 240.15d-14(a)*

31.2

Certification of Principal Financial Officer of Arq, Inc. Pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a) or 17 CFR 240.15d-14(a)*

32.1

Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer of Arq, Inc. Pursuant to 18 U.S.C Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002*

95.1

Mine Safety Disclosure Exhibit*

101.SCH

XBRL Schema Document*

101.CAL

XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document*

101.LAB

XBRL Label Linkbase Document*

101.PRE

XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document*

101.DEF

Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)*

Notes:

* Filed herewith.

Filings for the Company were made under the name ADA-ES, Inc. (File No. 000-50216) prior to July 1, 2013, the effective date of our reorganization, and under the name Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc. (File No. 000-54992) starting on July 1, 2013. Filings for the Company were made under the name Advanced Emissions Solutions, Inc. (File No. 001-37822) starting on July 6, 2016. On February 1, 2024, the Company changed its name to Arq, Inc.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	Arq, Inc.
	(Registrant)


November 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Robert Rasmus
		Robert Rasmus
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)


November 7, 2024	By:	/s/ Stacia Hansen
		Stacia Hansen
		Chief Accounting Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

I, Robert Rasmus, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Arq, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 7, 2024


/s/ Robert Rasmus
Robert Rasmus
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Amended

I, Stacia Hansen, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Arq, Inc.;

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 7, 2024


/s/ Stacia Hansen
Stacia Hansen
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

Certification

Pursuant to

18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

as Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Arq, Inc. (the "Company") for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), Robert Rasmus, as the Principal Executive Officer of the Company, and Stacia Hansen, as the Principal Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to and solely for the purpose of 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to §906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of their knowledge and belief, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.


/s/ Robert Rasmus
Robert Rasmus
Chief Executive Officer

November 7, 2024


/s/ Stacia Hansen
Stacia Hansen
Chief Accounting Officer

November 7, 2024

EXHIBIT 95.1

Mine Safety and Health Administration Safety Data

We are committed to maintaining a safe work environment and working to ensure environmental compliance across all of our operations. The health and safety of our employees and limiting the impact to communities in which we operate are critical to our long-term success. We employ practices and conduct training to help ensure that our employees work safely. Furthermore, we utilize processes for managing, monitoring and improving safety and environmental performance.

The following disclosures are provided pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulations, which require certain disclosures by companies required to file periodic reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, that operate coal mines regulated under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (the "Mine Act"). The disclosures reflect United States (U.S.) mining operations only.

Mine Safety Information. Whenever the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) believes that a violation of the Mine Act, any health or safety standard, or any regulation has occurred, it may issue a violation which describes the associated condition or practice and designates a time frame within which the operator must abate the violation. In some situations, such as when MSHA believes that conditions pose a hazard to miners, MSHA may issue an order removing miners from the area of the mine affected by the condition until hazards are corrected. Whenever MSHA issues a citation or order, it generally proposes a civil penalty, or fine, as a result of the violation that the operator is ordered to pay. Citations and orders can be contested and appealed and, as part of that process, are often reduced in severity and amount, and are sometimes vacated. The number of citations, orders and proposed assessments vary depending on the size and type (underground or surface) of the company and mine.

We are required to report citations and orders issued to us by MSHA during the three months ended September 30, 2024, as reflected in our systems. Our required disclosure covers only those mines that were issued orders or citations during the period presented and, commensurate with SEC regulations, does not reflect orders or citations issued to independent contractors working at our mines. Due to timing and other factors, our data may not agree with the mine data retrieval system maintained by MSHA. The proposed assessments for the three months ended September 30, 2024 were taken from the MSHA system as of November 4, 2024.

Additional information about MSHA references we are required to report is as follows:

•Section 104 S&S Violations: The total number of violations received from MSHA under section 104(a) of the Mine Act that could significantly and substantially contribute to a serious injury if left unabated.

•Section 104(b)Orders: The total number of orders issued by MSHA under section 104(b) of the Mine Act, which represents a failure to abate a citation under section 104(a) within the period of time prescribed by MSHA. This results in an order of immediate withdrawal from the area of the mine affected by the condition until MSHA determines that the violation has been abated.

•Section 104(d) Citations and Orders: The total number of citations and orders issued by MSHA under section 104(d) of the Mine Act for unwarrantable failure to comply with mandatory health or safety standards.

•Section 104(e) Notices: The total number of notices issued by MSHA under section 104(e) of the Mine Act for a pattern of violations that could contribute to mine health or safety hazards.

•Section 110(b)(2)Violations: The total number of flagrant violations issued by MSHA under section 110(b)(2) of the Mine Act.

•Section 107(a) Orders: The total number of orders issued by MSHA under section 107(a) of the Mine Act for situations in which MSHA determined an imminent danger existed.

•Proposed MSHA Assessments: The total dollar value of proposed assessments from MSHA.

•Fatalities: The total number of mining-related fatalities.

Our first mine is located in the Gulf Coast Lignite Region, in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana (the "Five Forks Mine"). For the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no reportable citations or orders issued to the Five Forks Mine. Our second mine is located in Knox, Kentucky ("Corbin Project"). For the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no reportable citations or orders issued to Corbin Project. Our third mine is located in Mingo, West Virginia ("Mine Four"). For the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no reportable citations or orders issued to Mine Four.

Pending Legal Actions. The Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (the Commission) is an independent adjudicative agency that provides administrative trial and appellate review of legal disputes arising under the Mine Act. These cases may involve, among other questions, challenges by operators to citations, orders and penalties they have received from MSHA, or complaints of discrimination by miners under section 105 of the Mine Act. The following is a brief description of the types of legal actions that may be brought before the Commission.

•Contests of Citations and Orders: A contest proceeding may be filed with the Commission by operators, miners or miners’ representatives to challenge the issuance of a citation or order issued by MSHA, including citations related to disputed provisions of operators' emergency response plans.

•Contests of Proposed Penalties (Petitions for Assessment of Penalties): A contest of a proposed penalty is an administrative proceeding before the Commission challenging a civil penalty that MSHA has proposed for the violation. Such proceedings may also involve appeals of judges' decisions or orders to the Commission on proposed penalties, including petitions for discretionary review and review by the Commission on its own motion.

•Complaints for Compensation: A complaint for compensation may be filed with the Commission by miners entitled to compensation when a mine is closed by certain withdrawal orders issued by MSHA. The purpose of the proceeding is to determine the amount of compensation, if any, due miners idled by the orders.

•Complaints of Discharge, Discrimination or Interference: A discrimination proceeding is a case that involves a miner’s allegation that he or she has suffered a wrong by the operator because he or she engaged in some type of activity protected under the Mine Act, such as making a safety complaint. This category includes temporary reinstatement proceedings, which involve cases in which a miner has filed a complaint with MSHA stating he or she has suffered discrimination and the miner has lost his or her position.

•Applications for Temporary Relief: An application for temporary relief from any modification or termination of any order or from any order issued under certain subparts of section 104 of the Mine Act may be filed with the Commission at any time before such order becomes final.

•Appeals of Judges' Decisions or Orders.

For the three months ended September 30, 2024, there were no pending or legal actions before the Commission at Five Forks Mine, Corbin Project or Mine Four.

Cover Page - shares	9 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Nov. 05, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2024
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-37822
Entity Registrant Name	ARQ, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	27-5472457
Entity Address, Address Line One	8051 E. Maplewood Ave.
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Ste. 210
Entity Address, City or Town	Greenwood Village
Entity Address, State or Province	CO
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	80111
City Area Code	720
Local Phone Number	598-3500
Title of 12(b) Security	Common stock, par value $0.001 per share
Trading Symbol	ARQ
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		42,032,086
Entity Central Index Key	0001515156
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current assets:
Cash	$ 48,662	$ 45,361
Receivables, net	16,590	16,192
Inventories, net	18,487	19,693
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,530	5,215
Total current assets	87,269	86,461
Restricted cash, long-term	8,718	8,792
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $25,146 and $19,293, respectively	139,137	94,649
Other long-term assets, net	44,841	45,600
Total Assets	279,965	235,502
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	20,191	14,603
Current portion of debt obligations	2,324	2,653
Other current liabilities	7,671	5,792
Total current liabilities	30,186	23,048
Long-term debt obligations, net of current portion	17,634	18,274
Other long-term liabilities	14,029	15,780
Total Liabilities	61,849	57,102
Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock: par value of $0.001 per share, 50,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding	0	0
Common stock: par value of $0.001 per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 46,652,061 and 37,791,084 shares issued, and 42,033,915 and 33,172,938 shares outstanding at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	47	38
Treasury stock, at cost: 4,618,146 and 4,618,146 shares as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	(47,692)	(47,692)
Additional paid-in capital	197,988	154,511
Retained earnings	67,773	71,543
Total Stockholders’ Equity	218,116	178,400
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 279,965	$ 235,502

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accumulated depreciation	$ 25,146	$ 19,293
Preferred stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	50,000,000	50,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	100,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	46,652,061	37,791,084
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	42,033,915	33,172,938
Treasury stock (in shares)	4,618,146	4,618,146

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenues:
Revenue	$ 34,774	$ 29,829	$ 81,919	$ 71,079
Cost of revenue, exclusive of depreciation and amortization	21,339	20,707	52,279	53,218
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	8,058	8,297	22,735	27,574
Research and development	787	639	3,341	2,145
Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	2,716	2,711	6,090	7,276
Gain on sale of assets	(154)	0	(154)	(2,695)
Total operating expenses	11,407	11,647	32,012	34,300
Operating income (loss)	2,028	(2,525)	(2,372)	(16,439)
Other (expense) income:
Earnings from equity method investments	127	412	127	1,512
Interest expense	(806)	(787)	(2,426)	(2,155)
Other	268	725	931	1,510
Total other (expense) income	(411)	350	(1,368)	867
Income (loss) before income taxes	1,617	(2,175)	(3,740)	(15,572)
Income tax (expense) benefit	0	0	(30)	33
Net income (loss)	$ 1,617	$ (2,175)	$ (3,770)	$ (15,539)
Income (loss) per common share (Note 1):
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.04	$ (0.07)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.56)
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.04	$ (0.07)	$ (0.11)	$ (0.56)
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	36,124	31,807	34,085	27,894
Diluted (in shares)	37,442	31,807	34,085	27,894

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Treasury Stock	Additional Paid-in Capital	Retained Earnings
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		23,788,319
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 139,979	$ 24	$ (47,692)	$ 103,698	$ 83,949
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		483,242
Stock-based compensation	563			563
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs (in shares)		3,814,864
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs	12,437	$ 4		12,433
Issuance of common stock related to private placement transaction, net of offering costs (in shares)		3,842,315
Issuance of common stock related to private placement transaction, net of offering costs	15,220	$ 4		15,216
Issuance of warrant	826			826
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings (in shares)		(74,104)
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(146)			(146)
Preferred stock dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	(157)				(157)
Net income (loss)	(7,508)				(7,508)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		31,854,636
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	161,214	$ 32	$ (47,692)	132,590	76,284
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023			(4,618,146)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		23,788,319
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	139,979	$ 24	$ (47,692)	103,698	83,949
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	(15,539)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		37,799,053
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	174,294	$ 38	$ (47,692)	153,695	68,253
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023			(4,618,146)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023		31,854,636
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2023	161,214	$ 32	$ (47,692)	132,590	76,284
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		(16,430)
Stock-based compensation	545			545
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock (in shares)		5,362,926
Issuance of common stock upon conversion of preferred stock	18,926	$ 5		18,921
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings (in shares)		(6,973)
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(14)			(14)
Net income (loss)	(5,856)				(5,856)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023		37,194,159
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2023	174,815	$ 37	$ (47,692)	152,042	70,428
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2023			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		105,244
Stock-based compensation	702			702
Issuance of common stock to related party (in shares)		527,779
Issuance of common stock to related party		$ 1		999	1,000
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings (in shares)		(28,129)
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(48)			(48)
Net income (loss)	(2,175)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023		37,799,053
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2023	174,294	$ 38	$ (47,692)	153,695	68,253
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2023			(4,618,146)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		37,791,084
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 178,400	$ 38	$ (47,692)	154,511	71,543
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	(4,618,146)		(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		81,253
Stock-based compensation	$ 782			782
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings (in shares)		(104,163)
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(599)			(599)
Exercise of warrant, net (in shares)		324,955
Net income (loss)	(3,419)				(3,419)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		38,093,129
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2024	175,164	$ 38	$ (47,692)	154,694	68,124
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024			(4,618,146)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023		37,791,084
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 178,400	$ 38	$ (47,692)	154,511	71,543
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	(4,618,146)		(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income (loss)	$ (3,770)
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		46,652,061
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 218,116	$ 47	$ (47,692)	197,988	67,773
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	(4,618,146)		(4,618,146)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024		38,093,129
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2024	$ 175,164	$ 38	$ (47,692)	154,694	68,124
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2024			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		(43,566)
Stock-based compensation	653			653
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs (in shares)		2,142,858
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs	14,951	$ 2		14,949
Issuance of common stock to related party (in shares)		422,221
Issuance of common stock to related party	800	$ 1		799
Net income (loss)	(1,968)				(1,968)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024		40,614,642
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2024	189,600	$ 41	$ (47,692)	171,095	66,156
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2024			(4,618,146)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Stock-based compensation (in shares)		580,826
Stock-based compensation	750	$ 1		749
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of offering costs (in shares)		5,485,500
Issuance of common stock in public offering, net of offering costs	26,659	$ 5		26,654
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings (in shares)		(28,907)
Repurchase of common shares to satisfy minimum tax withholdings	(510)			(510)
Net income (loss)	1,617				1,617
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024		46,652,061
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2024	$ 218,116	$ 47	$ (47,692)	$ 197,988	$ 67,773
Ending balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2024	(4,618,146)		(4,618,146)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Cash flows from operating activities
Net loss	$ (3,770)	$ (15,539)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, depletion and accretion	6,090	7,276
Stock-based compensation expense	2,185	1,810
Operating lease expense	1,518	2,061
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	450	395
Gain on sale of assets	(154)	(2,695)
Earnings from equity method investments	(127)	(1,512)
Other non-cash items, net	(113)	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables and related party receivables	(399)	(359)
Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,812	3,595
Inventories, net	2,486	(811)
Other long-term assets, net	(1,366)	(3,646)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,611)	(12,033)
Other current liabilities	1,467	148
Operating lease liabilities	(1,255)	(140)
Other long-term liabilities	(945)	305
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	5,268	(21,145)
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of property, plant, equipment, and intangible assets, net	(42,210)	(17,008)
Acquisition of mine development costs	(167)	(1,856)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	150	0
Distributions from equity method investees in excess of cumulative earnings	127	1,512
Cash and restricted cash acquired in business acquisition	0	2,225
Payment for disposal of Marshall Mine, LLC	0	(2,177)
Net cash used in investing activities	(42,100)	(17,304)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from common stock issued in private placement transactions	14,951	15,220
Repurchase of common stock to satisfy tax withholdings	(1,109)	(208)
Principal payments on finance lease obligations	(838)	(855)
Principal payments on notes payable	(404)	(341)
Net proceeds from CFG Loan, related party, net of discount and issuance costs	0	8,522
Net cash provided by financing activities	40,059	23,338
Increase (decrease) in Cash and Restricted Cash	3,227	(15,111)
Cash and Restricted Cash, beginning of period	54,153	76,432
Cash and Restricted Cash, end of period	57,380	61,321
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Change in accrued purchases for property and equipment	8,199	255
Purchase of property and equipment through note payable	258	0
Equity issued as consideration for acquisition of business	0	31,206
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series A Preferred Stock	0	157
Public Offerings
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from common stock issued	26,659	0
Related Party
Cash flows from financing activities
Net proceeds from common stock issued	$ 800	$ 1,000

Organization and Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Organization and Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The following table sets forth the calculations of basic and diluted loss per share:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss)	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Less: Dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	—		—		—		157
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,696)

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	36,124		31,807		34,085		27,894
Add: dilutive effect of equity instruments	1,318		—		—		—


Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	37,442		31,807		34,085		27,894
Earnings (loss) per share - basic	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)

Use of Estimates

Fair value measurements

Seasonality

Reclassifications

New Accounting Standards

Arq Acquisition

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Arq Acquisition

The following table provides the final purchase price allocation to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Acquisition Date:


(in thousands)	Purchase Price Allocation
Fair value of assets acquired:
Cash	$	1,411

Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,229
Restricted cash, long-term	814
Property, plant and equipment, net	39,159
Other long-term assets, net	11,717
Amount attributable to assets acquired	55,330

Fair Value of liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	9,806
Current portion of long-term debt	494
Other current liabilities	103
Long-term debt, net of current portion	9,199
Other long-term liabilities	4,523
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	24,125

Net assets acquired	$	31,205

The following represents the intangible asset identified as part of the Arq Acquisition and which is included in "Other long-term-assets, net" in the table above:


(in thousands)	Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (years)

Developed technology	$	7,700	20

Series A Preferred Stock

Equity Financing

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information


(in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Revenues	$	71,079
Net loss	$	(12,100)

Revenues

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenues

Revenue

Trade receivables

Contract assets

The following table shows the components of the Company's Receivables, net:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023


Trade and other receivables, net	$	16,465	$	11,330

Unbilled receivables	125		4,862
Receivables, net	$	16,590	$	16,192

Contract liabilities

Inventories, net

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Inventories, net

The following table summarizes the Company's inventories as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Product inventory, net	$	11,498	$	9,524
Raw material inventory	6,989		10,169

Total inventories, net	$	18,487	$	19,693

Debt Obligations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Debt Obligations


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
CFG Loan due February 2027, related party	$	10,000	$	10,000
CTB Loan due January 2036	9,123		9,527
Finance lease obligations	2,192		3,465
Other	258		—
	21,573		22,992
Unamortized debt discounts	(623)		(815)
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(992)		(1,250)

	19,958		20,927
Less: Current maturities	(2,324)		(2,653)
Total long-term debt obligations	$	17,634	$	18,274

CFG Loan

CTB Loan

The CTB Loan Modification Agreement clarified and modified certain terms under the CTB Loan Agreement. The principal clarifications and modifications in effect are as follows:

•The Borrowers are not entitled to any further disbursements of proceeds under those promissory notes described in the CTB Loan Modification Agreement;

•CTB agreed to waive certain required financial covenants required as of December 31, 2023; and

The carrying values of both the CFG Loan and the CTB Loan approximate their fair values as both instruments bear interest at rates indexed to market rates for similar instruments.

Leases

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Leases

The Company's operating and finance lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following items (in thousands):


	As of
Leases	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating Leases






Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (1)	$	9,331	$	10,592

Operating lease obligations, current	$	1,991	$	1,944
Long-term operating lease obligations	7,569		8,870
Total operating lease obligation	$	9,560	$	10,814

Finance Leases



Finance lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (2)	$	975	$	1,694

Finance lease obligations, current	$	1,699	$	2,131
Long-term finance lease obligations	493		1,334
Total finance lease obligations	$	2,192	$	3,465

(1) Operating lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $4.0 million and $5.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(2) Finance lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $3.0 million and $2.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Operating leases

Finance leases

Lease financial information as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is provided in the following table:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024			2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	46	$	215	$	466		$	661
Interest on lease liabilities	50		59		149			190
Operating lease cost	773		1,000		2,448			3,017
Short-term lease cost	437		481		1,220			1,132
Variable lease cost (1)	104		81		313			145

Total lease cost	$	1,410	$	1,836	$	4,596		$	5,145

Other Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for finance leases					$	149		$	190
Operating cash flows for operating leases					$	1,512		$	2,087
Financing cash flows for finance leases					$	838		$	855
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities					$	—		$	—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities					$	257		$	1,947
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases					1.2 years			2.1 years
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases					7.4 years			7.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases					6.4		%	5.9		%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases					12.4		%	12.7		%

(1) Primarily includes common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance payable to lessors.

Leases

The Company's operating and finance lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following items (in thousands):


	As of
Leases	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating Leases






Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (1)	$	9,331	$	10,592

Operating lease obligations, current	$	1,991	$	1,944
Long-term operating lease obligations	7,569		8,870
Total operating lease obligation	$	9,560	$	10,814

Finance Leases



Finance lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (2)	$	975	$	1,694

Finance lease obligations, current	$	1,699	$	2,131
Long-term finance lease obligations	493		1,334
Total finance lease obligations	$	2,192	$	3,465

(1) Operating lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $4.0 million and $5.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(2) Finance lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $3.0 million and $2.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Operating leases

Finance leases

Lease financial information as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is provided in the following table:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024			2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	46	$	215	$	466		$	661
Interest on lease liabilities	50		59		149			190
Operating lease cost	773		1,000		2,448			3,017
Short-term lease cost	437		481		1,220			1,132
Variable lease cost (1)	104		81		313			145

Total lease cost	$	1,410	$	1,836	$	4,596		$	5,145

Other Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for finance leases					$	149		$	190
Operating cash flows for operating leases					$	1,512		$	2,087
Financing cash flows for finance leases					$	838		$	855
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities					$	—		$	—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities					$	257		$	1,947
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases					1.2 years			2.1 years
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases					7.4 years			7.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases					6.4		%	5.9		%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases					12.4		%	12.7		%

(1) Primarily includes common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance payable to lessors.

Commitments and Contingencies	9 Months Ended
Commitments and Contingencies	Sep. 30, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Commitments and Contingencies	Commitments and Contingencies Surety Bonds and Restricted Cash As the owner of the Five Forks Mine, the Company is required to post a surety bond with a regulatory commission related to performance requirements associated with the Five Forks Mine. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of this surety bond was $7.5 million. The Company leases land adjacent to the Corbin Facility and is required to post surety bonds with a regulatory commission for reclamation. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of these surety bonds was $3.0 million. The Company holds permits for an abandoned mine in West Virginia ("Mine 4") and is required to post a surety bond with a regulatory commission for reclamation. As of September 30, 2024, the amount of this surety bond was $0.7 million. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company posted cash collateral of $8.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively, as required by the Company's surety bond providers, which is reported as long-term restricted cash in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of September 30, 2024, the Company holds a deposit of $0.4 million with a third party for collateral as required under a bonding arrangement for Mine 4. This deposit is included in "Other long-term assets, net" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024. The Company has a customer supply agreement that requires the Company to post a performance bond in an amount equal to the annual contract value of $3.7 million. As of September 30, 2024, the remaining commitment under this customer contract, which expires on December 31, 2024, was approximately $1.3 million. Red River Plant Construction Contract In January 2024, the Company executed a contract with a third-party contractor for the construction of a GAC facility at the Red River Plant, and immediately commenced construction operations. The Company terminated the contract in September 2024, and anticipates completing construction and commissioning with internal resources fulfilling the role of the third-party contractor. The Company expects to complete its first deliveries in the first quarter of 2025 and estimates that total construction costs will be in the range of $75.0 - $80.0 million. Tinuum Group The Company has certain limited obligations contingent upon future events in connection with the activities of Tinuum Group. The Company, NexGen Refined Coal, LLC ("NexGen") and two entities affiliated with NexGen have provided another Tinuum Group owner with limited guarantees (the "Tinuum Group Party Guarantees") related to certain losses it may suffer as a result of inaccuracies or breach of representations and covenants. The Company also is a party to a contribution agreement with NexGen under which any party called upon to pay on a Tinuum Group Party Guaranty is entitled to receive contribution from the other party equal to 50% of the amount paid. No liability or expense provision has been recorded by the Company related to this contingent obligation as the Company believes that it is not probable that a loss will occur with respect to Tinuum Group Party Guarantees. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has a contractual obligation (the "Tinuum Group Obligation") of $1.7 million for its share of certain contingent liabilities of Tinuum Group as required under the Distribution and Repayment Agreement (the "Repayment Agreement") that was executed in December 2022 by the Company and certain owners of Tinuum Group. The Tinuum Group Obligation is included in the "Other current liabilities" line item in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Legal Proceedings The Company is from time to time subject to various pending or threatened legal actions and proceedings, including those that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Such matters are subject to many uncertainties and outcomes, the financial impacts of which are not predictable with assurance and that may not be known for extended periods of time. The Company records a liability in its consolidated financial statements for costs related to claims, settlements and judgments where management has assessed that a loss is probable and an amount can be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2024, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party.

Supplemental Financial Information

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Supplemental Financial Information

Supplemental Balance Sheet Information

The following table summarizes the components of Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other long-term assets, net as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023








Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Prepaid expenses	$	1,317	$	2,430
Prepaid income taxes and income tax refunds	192		349
Other	2,021		2,436
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	3,530	$	5,215

Other long-term assets, net:
Spare parts, net	$	10,753	$	9,147
Right of use assets, operating leases, net	9,331		10,592
Intangible assets, net	7,644		7,899
Mine development costs, net	7,125		7,377
Upfront Customer Consideration (1)	5,586		5,967
Mine reclamation asset, net	1,856		1,955
Other	2,546		2,663


Total other long-term assets, net	$	44,841	$	45,600

Spare parts include critical spares required to support plant operations.

Mine reclamation asset, net represents an asset retirement obligation ("ARO") asset related to the Five Forks Mine and is depreciated over its estimated life.

The following table details the components of Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other current liabilities:
Current portion of operating lease obligations	$	1,991	$	1,944
Sales, use and other taxes payable	1,719		948
Current portion of asset retirement obligations	1,259		182



Other(1)	2,702		2,718
Total other current liabilities	$	7,671	$	5,792

Other long-term liabilities:
Operating lease obligations, long-term	$	7,569	$	8,870
Asset retirement obligations	5,335		5,981



Other	1,125		929
Total other long-term liabilities	$	14,029	$	15,780

(1) Included in Other current liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is $1.7 million for the Tinuum Group Obligation as discussed in Note 7.

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the ARO related to the Five Forks Mine is included in Other long-term liabilities.

The Mine reclamation liabilities represent AROs. Changes in the AROs were as follows:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period	$	6,163	$	8,533
Asset retirement obligations assumed(1)	—		1,500
Accretion	496		582
Liabilities settled(2)	(65)		(4,866)
Changes due to scope and timing of reclamation	—		414
Asset retirement obligations, end of period	6,594		6,163
Less current portion	1,259		182
Asset retirement obligations, long-term	$	5,335	$	5,981

(1) Represents the Corbin ARO and Mine 4 ARO in the amounts of $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, assumed during the period ended December 31, 2023.

Supplemental Income Statement Information

Tinuum Group, LLC

Stockholders' Equity	9 Months Ended
Stockholders' Equity	Sep. 30, 2024
Equity [Abstract]
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders' Equity Common Stock Transactions In April 2024, the Company received $0.8 million in cash and issued 422,221 shares of its common stock pursuant to a subscription agreement between the Company and its CEO executed in July 2023. In May 2024, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the "SPA") with certain accredited investors for the sale of an aggregate of 2,142,858 shares of the Company’s common stock, at a selling price of $7.00 per share (the "Private Placement"). After deducting offering costs, the Company raised net cash proceeds of $15.0 million from the Private Placement. In September 2024, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement (the "Underwriting Agreement") with certain underwriters, relating to the issuance and sale of 4,770,000 shares of the Company's common stock at a price to the public of $5.25 per share, as well as an overallotment option to purchase an additional 715,500 shares within 30 days following the date of the Underwriting Agreement (the "Public Offering"). The Company issued a total of 5,485,500 shares, inclusive of 715,500 shares issued pursuant to the underwriters' fully exercised overallotment option, and received net proceeds, after deducting offering costs, of approximately $26.7 million from the Public Offering. Stock Repurchase Program As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $7.0 million remaining under a stock repurchase program, which will remain in effect until all amounts are utilized or is otherwise modified by the Board. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 or 2023. Tax Asset Protection Plan U.S. federal income tax rules, and Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code in particular, could substantially limit the use of net operating losses and tax credits if the Company experiences an "ownership change" (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code). In general, an ownership change occurs if there is a cumulative change in the ownership of the Company by "5 percent stockholders" that exceeds 50 percentage points over a rolling three-year period. An entity that experiences an ownership change generally will be subject to an annual limitation on its pre-ownership change tax loss and credit carryforwards equal to the equity value of the entity immediately before the ownership change, multiplied by the long-term, tax-exempt rate posted monthly by the Internal Revenue Service (subject to certain adjustments). The annual limitation would be increased each year to the extent that there is an unused limitation in a prior year. On May 5, 2017, the Board approved the declaration of a dividend of rights to purchase Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock for each outstanding share of common stock as part of a tax asset protection plan (the "TAPP"), which is designed to protect the Company’s ability to utilize its net operating losses and tax credits. The TAPP is intended to act as a deterrent to any person acquiring beneficial ownership of 4.99% or more of the Company’s outstanding common stock. On April 12, 2024, the Board approved the Seventh Amendment to the TAPP (the "Seventh Amendment"), which amends the TAPP, as previously amended by the First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Amendments that were approved by the Board on April 6, 2018, April 5, 2019, April 9, 2020, April 9, 2021, March 15, 2022, and April 13, 2023, respectively. The Seventh Amendment amends the definition of "Final Expiration Date" under the TAPP to extend the duration of the TAPP and makes associated changes in connection therewith. Pursuant to the Seventh Amendment, the Final Expiration Date shall be the close of business on the earlier of (i) December 31, 2025 or (ii) December 31, 2024 if stockholder approval of the Seventh Amendment has not been obtained prior to such date. At the Company's 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on June 10, 2024, the Company's stockholders approved the Seventh Amendment, thus the final expiration date will be the close of business on December 31, 2025.

Stock-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023
RSA expense	$	483	$	501	$	1,268	$	1,405

PSU expense	206		151		735		355
Stock option expense	61		50		182		50
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	750	$	702	$	2,185	$	1,810

The amount of unrecognized compensation cost as of September 30, 2024, and the expected weighted-average period over which the cost will be recognized is as follows:


	As of September 30, 2024
(in thousands, expect years)	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)
RSA expense	$	3,414	1.82

PSU expense	1,400		1.09
Stock option expense	435		1.79
Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	$	5,249	1.62

Restricted Stock Awards

A summary of RSA activity under the Company's various stock compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Restricted Stock	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value

Non-vested at January 1, 2024	790,005	$	3.10
Granted	577,159	$	5.79
Vested	(541,166)	$	3.34
Forfeited	(55,197)	$	2.82
Non-vested at September 30, 2024	770,801	$	4.99

Performance Share Units

determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model for those PSUs with market-based performance conditions. A summary of PSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
PSUs outstanding, January 1, 2024	968,918	$	2.06
Granted	115,877	$	10.94
Vested / Settled(1)	(150,000)	$	2.28
Forfeited / Canceled	(57,750)	$	5.90
PSUs outstanding, September 30, 2024	877,045	$	2.94	$	5,148	1.09

Stock Options

Expected volatility - To calculate expected volatility, the historical volatility of the Company's common stock was used.


	Number of Options Outstanding and Exercisable	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)

Options outstanding, January 1, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	—	—
Options expired / forfeited	—	—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00	$	2,870	8.79
Options vested and exercisable, September 30, 2024	333,333	$	3.00	$	957	8.79

Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company's income tax (expense) benefit and effective tax rates are presented below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except for rate)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Income tax (expense) benefit	$	—		$	—		$	(30)		$	33
Effective tax rate	—		%	—		%	1		%	—		%

Marshall Mine	9 Months Ended
Marshall Mine	Sep. 30, 2024
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]
Marshall Mine	Marshall Mine On March 27, 2023, (the "MM Closing Date"), the Company completed the sale of all of its membership interests in Marshall Mine, LLC to a third party (the "Buyer") in exchange for a cash payment of $2.2 million (the "MM Purchase Price") made by the Company to the Buyer and the assumption by the Buyer of certain liabilities of Marshall Mine, LLC. As of the MM Closing Date, Marshall Mine, LLC had outstanding liabilities of approximately $4.9 million that were discharged upon payment of the MM Purchase Price by the Company, and the Company recognized a gain of approximately $2.7 million in the Statement of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Subsequent Events	9 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Sep. 30, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent Events Unless disclosed elsewhere in the notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, there were no significant matters that occurred subsequent to September 30, 2024.

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss	$ 1,617	$ (1,968)	$ (3,419)	$ (2,175)	$ (5,856)	$ (7,508)	$ (3,770)	$ (15,539)

Insider Trading Arrangements	3 Months Ended
Insider Trading Arrangements	Sep. 30, 2024
Trading Arrangements, by Individual
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted	false
Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false
Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated	false

Organization and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	9 Months Ended
Organization and Basis of Presentation (Policies)	Sep. 30, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Arq are unaudited and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") and with Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission. In compliance with those instructions, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Arq in this quarterly report ("Quarterly Report") are presented on a consolidated basis and include Arq and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"). Also included within the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are the Company's unconsolidated equity investments, Tinuum Group and Tinuum Services, which are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, and Highview Enterprises Limited (the "Highview Investment"), which is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP applicable to equity investments that do not qualify for the equity method of accounting. Results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts were eliminated in consolidation for all periods presented in this Quarterly Report. In the opinion of management, these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, stockholders' equity and cash flows for the interim periods presented. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (the "2023 Form 10-K"). Significant accounting policies disclosed therein have not changed.
Earnings (Loss) Per Share	Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of the Company's common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed in a manner consistent with that of basic earnings per share, while considering other potentially dilutive securities. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, potentially dilutive securities consist of unvested restricted stock awards ("RSAs"), stock options and contingent performance stock units ("PSUs").
Use of Estimates	The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. There have been no changes in the Company's critical accounting estimates from those that were disclosed in the 2023 Form 10-K. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
Fair value measurement	The carrying amounts of our cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other current liabilities approximate fair value as recorded due to the short-term nature of these instruments.
Reclassifications	Certain balances have been reclassified from the prior year to conform to the current year presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position in any of the periods presented.
New Accounting Standards	New Accounting Standards In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). ASU 2023-07 is intended to improve reportable segment disclosures and to enhance disclosures of reportable segment expenses. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2023-07 is required to be applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. Because the amendments do not change the methodology for the identification of operating segments, the aggregation of those operating segments or the application of the quantitative thresholds to determine reportable segments, we do not expect the guidance to have a material effect on our financial position or results of operations. In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. ("ASU 2023-09"). ASU 2023-09 requires entities to disclose: (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) the disaggregation of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. This update also makes several other changes to the income tax disclosure requirements. For public entities, the amendments in ASU 2023-09 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted, and is required to be applied prospectively, but retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASU 2023-09 on its income tax disclosures.

Organization and Basis of Presentation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Calculations of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

The following table sets forth the calculations of basic and diluted loss per share:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss)	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,539)
Less: Dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	—		—		—		157
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	$	1,617	$	(2,175)	$	(3,770)	$	(15,696)

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding	36,124		31,807		34,085		27,894
Add: dilutive effect of equity instruments	1,318		—		—		—


Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding	37,442		31,807		34,085		27,894
Earnings (loss) per share - basic	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted	$	0.04	$	(0.07)	$	(0.11)	$	(0.56)

Arq Acquisition (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Schedule of Final Purchase Price Allocation to the Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed

The following table provides the final purchase price allocation to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Acquisition Date:


(in thousands)	Purchase Price Allocation
Fair value of assets acquired:
Cash	$	1,411

Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,229
Restricted cash, long-term	814
Property, plant and equipment, net	39,159
Other long-term assets, net	11,717
Amount attributable to assets acquired	55,330

Fair Value of liabilities assumed:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	9,806
Current portion of long-term debt	494
Other current liabilities	103
Long-term debt, net of current portion	9,199
Other long-term liabilities	4,523
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	24,125

Net assets acquired	$	31,205

The following represents the intangible asset identified as part of the Arq Acquisition and which is included in "Other long-term-assets, net" in the table above:


(in thousands)	Amount		Weighted Average Useful Life (years)

Developed technology	$	7,700	20

Schedule of Pro Forma Revenues

Since Legacy Arq had no revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, pro forma revenues are the same as the Company's reported revenues for that period.


(in thousands)	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Revenues	$	71,079
Net loss	$	(12,100)

Revenues (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Accounts Receivables

The following table shows the components of the Company's Receivables, net:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023


Trade and other receivables, net	$	16,465	$	11,330

Unbilled receivables	125		4,862
Receivables, net	$	16,590	$	16,192

Inventories, net (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Inventory

The following table summarizes the Company's inventories as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Product inventory, net	$	11,498	$	9,524
Raw material inventory	6,989		10,169

Total inventories, net	$	18,487	$	19,693

Debt Obligations (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Debt


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
CFG Loan due February 2027, related party	$	10,000	$	10,000
CTB Loan due January 2036	9,123		9,527
Finance lease obligations	2,192		3,465
Other	258		—
	21,573		22,992
Unamortized debt discounts	(623)		(815)
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(992)		(1,250)

	19,958		20,927
Less: Current maturities	(2,324)		(2,653)
Total long-term debt obligations	$	17,634	$	18,274

Leases (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Leases [Abstract]

Schedule of Operating and Finance Lease Right-Of-Use ("ROU") Assets and Liabilities

The Company's operating and finance lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 consisted of the following items (in thousands):


	As of
Leases	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Operating Leases






Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (1)	$	9,331	$	10,592

Operating lease obligations, current	$	1,991	$	1,944
Long-term operating lease obligations	7,569		8,870
Total operating lease obligation	$	9,560	$	10,814

Finance Leases



Finance lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization (2)	$	975	$	1,694

Finance lease obligations, current	$	1,699	$	2,131
Long-term finance lease obligations	493		1,334
Total finance lease obligations	$	2,192	$	3,465

(1) Operating lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $4.0 million and $5.1 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

(2) Finance lease ROU assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $3.0 million and $2.7 million as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Lease financial information as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is provided in the following table:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024			2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	46	$	215	$	466		$	661
Interest on lease liabilities	50		59		149			190
Operating lease cost	773		1,000		2,448			3,017
Short-term lease cost	437		481		1,220			1,132
Variable lease cost (1)	104		81		313			145

Total lease cost	$	1,410	$	1,836	$	4,596		$	5,145

Other Information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for finance leases					$	149		$	190
Operating cash flows for operating leases					$	1,512		$	2,087
Financing cash flows for finance leases					$	838		$	855
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities					$	—		$	—
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities					$	257		$	1,947
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases					1.2 years			2.1 years
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases					7.4 years			7.8 years
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases					6.4		%	5.9		%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases					12.4		%	12.7		%

(1) Primarily includes common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance payable to lessors.

Supplemental Financial Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Long Term Assets

The following table summarizes the components of Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and Other long-term assets, net as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023








Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Prepaid expenses	$	1,317	$	2,430
Prepaid income taxes and income tax refunds	192		349
Other	2,021		2,436
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	3,530	$	5,215

Other long-term assets, net:
Spare parts, net	$	10,753	$	9,147
Right of use assets, operating leases, net	9,331		10,592
Intangible assets, net	7,644		7,899
Mine development costs, net	7,125		7,377
Upfront Customer Consideration (1)	5,586		5,967
Mine reclamation asset, net	1,856		1,955
Other	2,546		2,663


Total other long-term assets, net	$	44,841	$	45,600

Schedule of Other Liabilities

The following table details the components of Other current liabilities and Other long-term liabilities as presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Other current liabilities:
Current portion of operating lease obligations	$	1,991	$	1,944
Sales, use and other taxes payable	1,719		948
Current portion of asset retirement obligations	1,259		182



Other(1)	2,702		2,718
Total other current liabilities	$	7,671	$	5,792

Other long-term liabilities:
Operating lease obligations, long-term	$	7,569	$	8,870
Asset retirement obligations	5,335		5,981



Other	1,125		929
Total other long-term liabilities	$	14,029	$	15,780

(1) Included in Other current liabilities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 is $1.7 million for the Tinuum Group Obligation as discussed in Note 7.

Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation


	As of
(in thousands)	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period	$	6,163	$	8,533
Asset retirement obligations assumed(1)	—		1,500
Accretion	496		582
Liabilities settled(2)	(65)		(4,866)
Changes due to scope and timing of reclamation	—		414
Asset retirement obligations, end of period	6,594		6,163
Less current portion	1,259		182
Asset retirement obligations, long-term	$	5,335	$	5,981

(1) Represents the Corbin ARO and Mine 4 ARO in the amounts of $0.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively, assumed during the period ended December 31, 2023.

Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Allocation of Compensation Expense

Total stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023
RSA expense	$	483	$	501	$	1,268	$	1,405

PSU expense	206		151		735		355
Stock option expense	61		50		182		50
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	750	$	702	$	2,185	$	1,810

Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Cost

The amount of unrecognized compensation cost as of September 30, 2024, and the expected weighted-average period over which the cost will be recognized is as follows:


	As of September 30, 2024
(in thousands, expect years)	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)
RSA expense	$	3,414	1.82

PSU expense	1,400		1.09
Stock option expense	435		1.79
Total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense	$	5,249	1.62

Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity

A summary of RSA activity under the Company's various stock compensation plans for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Restricted Stock	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value

Non-vested at January 1, 2024	790,005	$	3.10
Granted	577,159	$	5.79
Vested	(541,166)	$	3.34
Forfeited	(55,197)	$	2.82
Non-vested at September 30, 2024	770,801	$	4.99

Schedule of Performance Shares Units

A summary of PSU activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)
PSUs outstanding, January 1, 2024	968,918	$	2.06
Granted	115,877	$	10.94
Vested / Settled(1)	(150,000)	$	2.28
Forfeited / Canceled	(57,750)	$	5.90
PSUs outstanding, September 30, 2024	877,045	$	2.94	$	5,148	1.09

Summary of Option Activity

A summary of stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 is presented below:


	Number of Options Outstanding and Exercisable	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in thousands)		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)

Options outstanding, January 1, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	—	—
Options expired / forfeited	—	—
Options outstanding, September 30, 2024	1,000,000	$	3.00	$	2,870	8.79
Options vested and exercisable, September 30, 2024	333,333	$	3.00	$	957	8.79

Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Income Tax Expense and Effective Tax Rates

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company's income tax (expense) benefit and effective tax rates are presented below:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands, except for rate)	2024			2023			2024			2023
Income tax (expense) benefit	$	—		$	—		$	(30)		$	33
Effective tax rate	—		%	—		%	1		%	—		%

Organization and Basis of Presentation - Schedule of Calculations of Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 1,617	$ (1,968)	$ (3,419)	$ (2,175)	$ (5,856)	$ (7,508)	$ (3,770)	$ (15,539)
Less: Dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock	0			0			0	157
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, basic	1,617			(2,175)			(3,770)	(15,696)
Income (loss) attributable to common stockholders, diluted	$ 1,617			$ (2,175)			$ (3,770)	$ (15,696)
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding (in shares)	36,124			31,807			34,085	27,894
Add: dilutive effect of equity instruments (in shares)	1,318			0			0	0
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (in shares)	37,442			31,807			34,085	27,894
Earnings (loss) per share - basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.04			$ (0.07)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.56)
Earnings (loss) per share - diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.04			$ (0.07)			$ (0.11)	$ (0.56)
Total shares excluded from diluted shares outstanding (in shares)	300			2,300			2,500	1,400

Organization and Basis of Presentation - Narrative (Details)	Feb. 28, 2023
Arq Limited
Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Subsidiary, ownership percentage, parent	100.00%

Arq Acquisition - Narrative (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands				1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 21, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 shares	Feb. 01, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares	Feb. 28, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 0.001		$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Temporary equity, par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 0.001
Paid-in-kind dividend on Series A Preferred Stock	$ 200					$ 0	$ 157
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) \| shares				0		0		0	0
Preferred stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares				$ 0.001		$ 0.001			$ 0.001
Consideration received on transaction				$ 26,700
Price per share (in dollars per share) \| (per share)			$ 4.00					$ 5.25
Arq Limited
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Subsidiary, ownership percentage, parent										100.00%
Series A Preferred Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared on redeemable preferred stock (in shares) \| shares		68,464
Common Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration received on transaction			$ 15,400
Arq Limited
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration transferred			31,200
Acquisition related costs			$ 8,700
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares) \| shares			833,914
Preferred stock par value (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 3.46
Contingent consideration, liability			$ 3,300
Decrease in depreciation and amortization					$ 200
Increase in intangible assets					100
Increase in interest expense					$ 200
Arq Limited \| Series A Preferred Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Preferred stock, shares designated (in shares) \| shares			8,900,000
Shares issued (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares			$ 4.00
Arq Limited \| Common Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business acquisition, issued number of shares (in shares) \| shares			3,814,864
Business acquisition, issued number of shares issuable, value			$ 12,400
Arq Limited \| Preferred Stock
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Business acquisition, issued number of shares (in shares) \| shares			5,294,462
Business acquisition, issued number of shares issuable, value			$ 18,800

Arq Acquisition - Schedule of Final Purchase Price Allocation to the Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - Arq Limited $ in Thousands	Feb. 01, 2023 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash	$ 1,411
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	2,229
Restricted cash, long-term	814
Property, plant and equipment, net	39,159
Other long-term assets, net	11,717
Amount attributable to assets acquired	55,330
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	9,806
Current portion of long-term debt	494
Other current liabilities	103
Long-term debt, net of current portion	9,199
Other long-term liabilities	4,523
Amount attributable to liabilities assumed	24,125
Net assets acquired	31,205
Developed technology
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Amount	$ 7,700
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)	20 years

Arq Acquisition - Schedule of Pro Forma Revenues (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023 USD ($)
Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]
Revenues	$ 71,079
Net loss	$ (12,100)

Revenues - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Revenues - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Collection terms			Credit terms are generally net 30 - 45 days from the date of invoice.
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Collection terms			Credit terms are generally net 30 - 45 days from the date of invoice.
Revenue from Contract with Customer Benchmark \| Geographic Concentration Risk \| Canada
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Percent of revenue generated	5.00%	7.00%	7.00%	8.00%

Revenues - Schedule of Accounts Receivables (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Receivables, net	$ 16,590	$ 16,192
Trade and other receivables, net
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Receivables, net	16,465	11,330
Unbilled receivables
Accounts, Notes, Loans and Financing Receivable [Line Items]
Receivables, net	$ 125	$ 4,862

Inventories, net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]
Product inventory, net	$ 11,498	$ 9,524
Raw material inventory	6,989	10,169
Total inventories, net	$ 18,487	$ 19,693

Debt Obligations - Schedule of Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Finance lease obligations	$ 2,192	$ 3,465
Other	258	0
Long-term debt	21,573	22,992
Unamortized debt discounts	(623)	(815)
Unamortized debt issuance costs	(992)	(1,250)
Long-term debt	19,958	20,927
Less: Current maturities	(2,324)	(2,653)
Total long-term debt obligations	17,634	18,274
CFG Loan due February 2027, related party
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loan due	10,000	10,000
CTB Loan due January 2036
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loan due	$ 9,123	$ 9,527

Debt Obligations - Narrative (Details)				3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
Debt Obligations - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 29, 2024 shares	Feb. 01, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Jan. 27, 2021 USD ($) debtInstrument	Mar. 31, 2024 shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Jun. 02, 2023 USD ($)
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized discount					$ 623,000	$ 815,000
Debt instrument, post-transaction from exercise of warrant		1.00%
Common Stock
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Exercise of warrant, net (in shares) \| shares	324,955			324,955
CF Global Credit, LP
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Issuance of warrant (in shares) \| shares		325,457
Exercise price of warrants (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.01
Term		7 years
Secured Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Proceeds from issuance of debt		$ 10,000,000.0
Unamortized discount		200,000
Net cash proceeds		8,500,000
Debt issuance costs		$ 1,300,000
Promissory Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Number of instruments (in instruments) \| debtInstrument			2
Secured Debt
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Exercise price of warrants (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 0.01
Debt instrument, covenant loan to value ratio		0.40
Secured Debt \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Unamortized discount		$ 300,000
Face amount		10,000,000.0
Estimated fair value		$ 9,700,000
Periodic payment, principal			$ 100,000
Debt instrument, fee amount							$ 50,000
Debt instrument, collateral amount							$ 700,000
Indebtedness to net worth ratio					4
Debt instrument, annual increase					20.00%
Equity percentage					1.25
Secured Debt \| Arq Limited \| Promissory Note A
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Face amount			8,000,000.0
Secured Debt \| Arq Limited \| Promissory Note B
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Face amount			$ 2,000,000.0
Secured Debt \| Between 1 And 36 Moths
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, prepayment premium		2.00%
Secured Debt \| Between 37 Months And Maturity Date
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, prepayment premium		1.00%
Secured Debt \| Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period of One Month in Effect on the Third U.S. Government Securities Business Day
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, prepayment premium		2.00%
Secured Debt \| Fiscal Year 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt covenant, minimum annual Revenue requirement		$ 85,000,000
Debt covenant, minimum consolidated EBITDA requirement		3,000,000
Secured Debt \| Fiscal Year 2025 and Thereafter
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt covenant, minimum annual Revenue requirement		100,000,000
Debt covenant, minimum consolidated EBITDA requirement		16,000,000
Secured Debt \| Through January 2026 \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate, stated percentage			6.00%
Secured Debt \| Penalty Year 2024 \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment penalty, percentage					3.00%
Secured Debt \| Penalty Year 2025 \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment penalty, percentage					2.00%
Secured Debt \| Penalty Year 2026 \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Prepayment penalty, percentage					1.00%
Secured Debt \| Beginning March 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt covenant, minimum cash balance requirement		$ 5,000,000
Secured Debt \| SOFR
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, floor rate percentage		1.00%
Debt instrument, cap rate percentage		2.00%
Debt instrument, percent of paid in cash		9.00%
Debt instrument, percent of paid in kind		5.00%
Secured Debt \| SOFR \| Adjusted Term SOFR for an Interest Period of One Month in Effect on the Third U.S. Government Securities Business Day
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, interest rate		14.00%
Secured Debt \| Base Rate
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, percent of paid in cash		8.00%
Secured Debt \| Prime Rate \| After January 2026 \| Arq Limited
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate, stated percentage			2.75%

Leases - Schedule of Operating and Finance Lease Right-Of-Use ("ROU") Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Operating Leases
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization	$ 9,331	$ 10,592
Operating lease obligations, current	1,991	1,944
Long-term operating lease obligations	7,569	8,870
Total operating lease obligation	9,560	10,814
Finance Leases
Finance lease right-of-use assets, net of accumulated amortization	975	1,694
Finance lease obligations, current	1,699	2,131
Long-term finance lease obligations	493	1,334
Total finance lease obligations	2,192	3,465
Operating lease, accumulated amortization	4,000	5,100
Finance lease, accumulated amortization	$ 3,000	$ 2,700

Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Leases - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, right-of-use asset, statement of financial position [Extensible Enumeration]	Other long-term assets, net		Other long-term assets, net		Other long-term assets, net
Operating lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [Extensible List]	Other current liabilities		Other current liabilities		Other current liabilities
Operating lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [Extensible List]	Other long-term liabilities		Other long-term liabilities		Other long-term liabilities
Operating lease, expense	$ 1.3	$ 1.6	$ 4.0	$ 4.3
General and Administrative Expense
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, expense	0.4		1.1
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, expense		0.4		0.9
Revenue
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease, expense	$ 0.9	$ 1.2	$ 2.9	$ 3.4

Leases - Schedule of Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$ 46	$ 215	$ 466	$ 661
Interest on lease liabilities	50	59	149	190
Operating lease cost	773	1,000	2,448	3,017
Short-term lease cost	437	481	1,220	1,132
Variable lease cost	104	81	313	145
Total lease cost	$ 1,410	$ 1,836	4,596	5,145
Operating cash flows for finance leases			149	190
Operating cash flows for operating leases			1,512	2,087
Financing cash flows for finance leases			838	855
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities			0	0
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities			$ 257	$ 1,947
Weighted-average remaining lease term - finance leases	1 year 2 months 12 days	2 years 1 month 6 days	1 year 2 months 12 days	2 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases	7 years 4 months 24 days	7 years 9 months 18 days	7 years 4 months 24 days	7 years 9 months 18 days
Weighted-average discount rate - finance leases	6.40%	5.90%	6.40%	5.90%
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases	12.40%	12.70%	12.40%	12.70%

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2024	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Restricted cash, long-term			$ 8.5	$ 8.5
Supply agreement performance bond			3.7
Contract with customer, liability			1.3
Tinuum Group, LLC
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Liabilities assumed		$ 1.7	$ 1.7
Tinuum Group, LLC
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Limited guarantees (as percent)			50.00%
Minimum \| Deliveries in First Quarter 2025
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Construction contract estimated costs	$ 75.0
Maximum \| Deliveries in First Quarter 2025
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Construction contract estimated costs	$ 80.0
Five Forks Mine
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Surety bond amount			$ 7.5
Corbin Facilities
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Surety bond amount			3.0
West Virginia ("Mine 4")
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Surety bond amount			0.7
Restricted cash, long-term			$ 0.4

Supplemental Financial Information - Schedule of Other Long Term Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Prepaid expenses and other current assets:
Prepaid expenses	$ 1,317	$ 2,430
Prepaid income taxes and income tax refunds	192	349
Other	2,021	2,436
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	3,530	5,215
Other long-term assets, net:
Spare parts, net	10,753	9,147
Right of use assets, operating leases, net	9,331	10,592
Intangible assets, net	7,644	7,899
Mine development costs, net	7,125	7,377
Upfront Customer Consideration	5,586	5,967
Mine reclamation asset, net	1,856	1,955
Other	2,546	2,663
Total other long-term assets, net	$ 44,841	$ 45,600
Term of contract	15 years

Supplemental Financial Information - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Dec. 31, 2023
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Earnings from equity method investments	$ 127	$ 412	$ 127	$ 1,512
Highview Enterprises Limited
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Equity method investments	$ 600		$ 600		$ 600
Tinuum Group, LLC
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Ownership interest, percent (as percent)	42.50%		42.50%		42.50%
Earnings from equity method investments	$ 100	200	$ 100	1,100
Tinuum Group, LLC \| Cost of Revenue
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Earnings from equity method investments	$ (200)	$ (200)	$ (700)	$ (600)

Supplemental Financial Information - Schedule of Other Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Other current liabilities:
Operating lease, liability, current, statement of financial position [Extensible List]		Total other current liabilities	Total other current liabilities
Current portion of operating lease obligations		$ 1,991	$ 1,944
Sales, use and other taxes payable		1,719	948
Current portion of asset retirement obligations		1,259	182
Other		2,702	2,718
Total other current liabilities		$ 7,671	$ 5,792
Other long-term liabilities:
Operating lease, liability, noncurrent, statement of financial position [Extensible List]		Total other long-term liabilities	Total other long-term liabilities
Operating lease obligations, long-term		$ 7,569	$ 8,870
Asset retirement obligations		5,335	5,981
Other		1,125	929
Total other long-term liabilities		14,029	$ 15,780
Tinuum Group, LLC
Other long-term liabilities:
Liabilities assumed	$ 1,700	$ 1,700

Supplemental Financial Information - Schedule of Change in Asset Retirement Obligation (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2024	Sep. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
Asset retirement obligations, beginning of period	$ 6,163	$ 6,163	$ 8,533
Asset retirement obligations assumed		0	1,500
Accretion		496	582
Liabilities settled		(65)	(4,866)
Changes due to scope and timing of reclamation		0	414
Asset retirement obligations, end of period		6,594	6,163
Less current portion		1,259	182
Asset retirement obligations, long-term		5,335	5,981
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset retirement obligations assumed		0	1,500
Liabilities settled		$ 65	$ 4,866
Marshall Mine \| Disposed of by Sale
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
Liabilities settled	(4,700)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Liabilities settled	4,700
Corbin ARO
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
Asset retirement obligations assumed	500
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset retirement obligations assumed	500
Mine 4 ARO
Asset Retirement Obligation, Roll Forward Analysis [Roll Forward]
Asset retirement obligations assumed	1,000
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Asset retirement obligations assumed	$ 1,000

Stockholders' Equity (Details) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Feb. 01, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	May 31, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Apr. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2023 shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2023 shares	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2023 shares	May 05, 2017
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs \| $					$ 26,659
Number of shares agreed to purchase (in shares)		5,485,500
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)		46,652,061			46,652,061		46,652,061			37,791,084
Deducting offering expenses \| $		$ 26,700
Stock repurchased (in shares)					0	0	0	0
Price per share (in dollars per share) \| (per share)	$ 4.00								$ 5.25
Over-Allotment Option
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares agreed to purchase (in shares)		715,500
Original Amount
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares agreed to purchase (in shares)		4,770,000
Additional Option
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares agreed to purchase (in shares)		715,500
Purchase period		30 days
Maximum
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Requirement to own shares outstanding (as percent)											4.99%
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs \| $					$ 5
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs (in shares)					5,485,500
Deducting offering expenses \| $	$ 15,400
Remaining authorized amount \| $		$ 7,000			$ 7,000		$ 7,000
Securities Purchase Agreement
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Number of shares agreed to purchase (in shares)			2,142,858
Share price (amount per shares) \| $ / shares			$ 7.00
Net proceeds from common stock issued \| $			$ 15,000
Common Stock
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs \| $				$ 800
Issuance of common stock pursuant to Arq Acquisition, net of offering costs (in shares)				422,221

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Allocation of Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 750	$ 702	$ 2,185	$ 1,810
RSA expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	483	501	1,268	1,405
PSU expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	206	151	735	355
Stock option expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 61	$ 50	$ 182	$ 50

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Unrecognized Compensation Cost (Details) $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($)
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Compensation Cost	$ 5,249
Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)	1 year 7 months 13 days
RSA expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Compensation Cost	$ 3,414
Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)	1 year 9 months 25 days
PSU expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Compensation Cost	$ 1,400
Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)	1 year 1 month 2 days
Stock option expense
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized Compensation Cost	$ 435
Expected Weighted- Average Period of Recognition (in years)	1 year 9 months 14 days

Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Stock-Based Compensation - Narrative (Details) - shares	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Granted stock options (in shares)	0	1,000,000	0	1,000,000
Restricted Stock
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)			3 years
Performance Share Units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)			3 years
Stock Option
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period (in years)			3 years
Options exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)			8 years 9 months 14 days
Expected dividend rate			0.00%
Stock Option \| Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Options exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)			10 years

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Restricted Stock Activity (Details) - RSA expense	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 $ / shares shares
Restricted Stock
Non-vested shares, beginning balance (in shares) \| shares	790,005
Granted (in shares) \| shares	577,159
Vested (in shares) \| shares	(541,166)
Forfeited (in shares) \| shares	(55,197)
Non-vested shares, ending balance (in shares) \| shares	770,801
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares, beginning balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 3.10
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	5.79
Vested (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	3.34
Forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	2.82
Non-vested shares, ending balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 4.99

Stock-Based Compensation - Schedule of Performance Shares Units (Details) - Performance Share Units $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Units
Non-vested shares, beginning balance (in shares)		968,918
Granted (in shares)		115,877
Vested / Settled (in shares)		(150,000)
Forfeited / Canceled (in shares)		(57,750)
Non-vested shares, ending balance (in shares)	877,045	877,045
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested shares, beginning balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		$ 2.06
Granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		10.94
Vested / Settled (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		2.28
Forfeited / Canceled (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares		5.90
Non-vested shares, ending balance (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 2.94	$ 2.94
Outstanding, aggregate intrinsic value \| $	$ 5,148	$ 5,148
Outstanding, weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years)		1 year 1 month 2 days
Issued Upon Vesting of PSUs
Units
Vested / Settled (in shares)	(150,000)	(150,000)

Stock-Based Compensation - Summary of Option Activity (Details) - Stock option expense $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Number of Options Outstanding and Exercisable
Options outstanding, start of year (in shares) \| shares	1,000,000
Options granted (in shares) \| shares	0
Options exercised (in shares) \| shares	0
Options expired / forfeited (in shares) \| shares	0
Options outstanding, end of year (in shares) \| shares	1,000,000
Weighted-Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding, start of year (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 3.00
Options granted (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Options exercised (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Options expired / forfeited (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	0
Options outstanding, end of year (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 3.00
Options outstanding, intrinsic value \| $	$ 2,870
Options outstanding, weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	8 years 9 months 14 days
Options vested (in shares) \| shares	333,333
Options exercisable (in shares) \| shares	333,333
Options exercisable, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 3.00
Options vested, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share) \| $ / shares	$ 3.00
Options exercisable, intrinsic value \| $	$ 957
Options vested, intrinsic value \| $	$ 957
Options vested, weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	8 years 9 months 14 days
Options exercisable, weighted average remaining contractual term (in years)	8 years 9 months 14 days

Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Tax Expense and Effective Tax Rates (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax (expense) benefit	$ 0	$ 0	$ (30)	$ 33
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%	1.00%	0.00%

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details)	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
Triggering Event [Line Items]
Effective tax rate	0.00%	0.00%	1.00%	0.00%
Before Out Of Period State Income Tax Expense
Triggering Event [Line Items]
Effective tax rate	0.00%		0.00%

Marshall Mine (Details) - Marshall Mine - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2023	Mar. 27, 2023
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Consideration		$ 2.2
Liabilities		$ 4.9
Gain on sale of Marshall Mine, LLC	$ 2.7

Grafico Azioni Arq (NASDAQ:ARQ)
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Grafico Azioni Arq (NASDAQ:ARQ)
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